EKSISTENSI SENI KERAJINAN DARI LIMBAH BAN BEKAS DI DESA PENTADIO TIMUR KECAMATAN TELAGA BIRU KABUPATEN GORONTALO

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan eksistensi kerajinan dari limbah ban bekas yang ada di Desa Pentadio Timur Kecamatan Telaga Biru Kabupaten Gorontalo. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa jumlah pengrajin kerajinan limbah ban bekas yang ada di Desa Pentadio Timur berjumlah 2 orang yang sampai sekarang masih konsisten dalam membuat produk. Alat dan bahan yang digunakan untuk produksi menggunakan alat dan bahan yang relatif mudah didapatkan di kota Gorontalo. Bentuk dan fungsi produk yang dihasilkan bervariasi seperti pot bunga, tempat sampah dan wadah air sehingga dapat menawarkan pilihan bagi konsumen. Adanya konsumen yang membutuhkan sehingga produk kerajinan dari limbah ban bekas tersalurkan dengan mudah di berbagai pasar seperti pasar Tapa dan pasar Sentral yang ada di kota Gorontalo sehingga eksistensinya tetap berlangsung.Kata Kunci: Eksistensi, Kerajinan, Limbah Ban Bekas

Natural Luteolin from Methanolic Extract of Malaysian Brucea javanica Leaves Induces Apoptosis in HeLa Cell Lines

There are a growing number of deaths of cancer patients due to toxicity of conventional chemotherapy. Therefore, continuous discovery of natural anticancer compounds with cytoselective actions would be an ideal strategy to overcome the problem. Thus, natural products from plant are still the alternative source in the search for anticancer drugs that can have a direct effect on both cancer cell removal and also minimize the side effects to the patients. Based on the traditional usage and pharmaceutical potential of Brucea javanica reported before, a study on the leaves of this plant was carried out. The aims of the study were to isolate the bioactive compound from B. javanica Leaves (BJL) extracts via bioassay-guided fractionation using several selected cancer cell lines, to determine the mode of cancer cell death induced by BJL’s active compound and the molecular mechanism of apoptosis implicated in cancer cell lines by measuring the level of apoptotic protein expression such as bax, bcl-XL, caspase-3 and tumour suppressor p53. Among three crude extracts of BJL, methanol was the most potent against selected cancer cell lines which consist of cervical, breast, bone, ovarian and liver cancer cells. Cisplatin was used as positive control for the antiproliferative assay. Using a bioassay-guided fractionation, chromatography, NMR and mass spectrometry analysis we have isolated luteolin. It is a known compound from the flavonoid group which was found to be cytoselectiv

Determination of concentration boundaries for the toxicity of Terminalia catappa Linn. leaves extract on healthy Carassius auratus

Terminalia catappa from Family Combretaceae or locally known as Ketapang is naturally grows plant and abundantly available in many tropical areas. The medicinal properties such as anti-parasitic and antibacterial of the leaves have been proven repeatedly in many scientific studies of aquaculture to treat infected fish. In the present study, toxicity level of different leaves extract concentrations on the healthy Carassius auratus or goldfish was investigated before the next study on its efficacy to treat the unhealthy C. auratus could be initiated. Ten C. auratus in 30-L tank aquarium were tested with five different concentrations of leaves extract; 400 mg/L, 500 mg/L, 600 mg/L, 800 mg/L and 1000 mg/L respectively and pH of bath extracts were determined before performing the tests. The results of pH are reduced or became acidic when the concentrations of leaves extract are increased significantly. During the test, toxicological signs were detected by physiological changes such as increased respiration frequency or erratic behavior. Overall results showed the methanolic extract of T. catappa leaves demonstrated a significantly high safety margin for the host of C. auratus. The C. auratus were well-tolerated with methanolic extract of T. catappa at the concentration of 400 mg/L for 3 hours without any visible effect. At 500 mg/L concentration, C. auratus also managed to survive for 3 hours but number of survived fish is reduced significantly different at (P<0.05) throughout 3 hours exposure time compared to control. Exposure to 600 mg/L, C. auratus were managed to survive up to 2 hours; meanwhile at 800 mg/L only up to 1 hour survived. At the highest concentration of 1000 mg/L, C. auratus have demonstrated an increased operculum movement and inconsistent behavior within few minutes of exposure time. However, no lethality of C. auratus was observed in the experimental period

Natural luteolin from methanolic extract of Malaysian brucea javanica leaves induces apoptosis in hela cell lines

There are a growing number of deaths of cancer patients due to toxicity of conventional chemotherapy. Therefore, continuous discovery of natural anticancer compounds with cytoselective actions would be an ideal strategy to overcome the problem. Thus, natural products from plant are still the alternative source in the search for anticancer drugs that can have a direct effect on both cancer cell removal and also minimize the side effects to the patients. Based on the traditional usage and pharmaceutical potential of Brucea javanica reported before, a study on the leaves of this plant was carried out. The aims of the study were to isolate the bioactive compound from B. javanica Leaves (BJL) extracts via bioassay-guided fractionation using several selected cancer cell lines, to determine the mode of cancer cell death induced by BJL’s active compound and the molecular mechanism of apoptosis implicated in cancer cell lines by measuring the level of apoptotic protein expression such as bax, bcl-XL, caspase-3 and tumour suppressor p53. Among three crude extracts of BJL, methanol was the most potent against selected cancer cell lines which consist of cervical, breast, bone, ovarian and liver cancer cells. Cisplatin was used as positive control for the antiproliferative assay. Using a bioassay-guided fractionation, chromatography, NMR and mass spectrometry analysis we have isolated luteolin. It is a known compound from the flavonoid group which was found to be cytoselective. The IC50 value for HeLa is 8.02 μg/ml while for Vero is >99 μg/ml. Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometric analysis of Annexin V-FITC staining revealed that luteolin induces apoptotic cell death in cervicalcancer cell HeLa. Flow cytometric analysis also showed that luteolin induces apoptosis by increasing the p53, bax and caspase-3 protein expression

Evaluation of the effect of walking speeds on human gait recognition

Human Gait Recognition is typically alluded to imply the human ID by the style/way individuals stroll in picture sequences. Our point is to execute the customary gait recognition calculation and to demonstrate the variety in recognition when subject is watched parallel to camera under three conditions- walking slow, at typical speed and walking quickly. For this situation, the work devises a novel strategy with the end goal of likeness calculation as opposed to the customary idea, where the overall recognition rate of 65% percent was achieved

Scanning Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (Sem-Edx) Studies of Quercus infectoria Gall

Quercus infectoria gall extract are popular among Malaysian. Therefore there is vast availability of the galls supply in Malaysian local market. However, these galls found in Malaysian market were brought out from another country such as Iran and India. In this regard, maintaining the quality of the source is very important to ensure the expected health benefit. In this study we used scanning microscope-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) to analyse the microscopical image and basic elements present in crude and aqueous extract of Quercus infectoria gall in comparison with macroscopical view. Galls of Q. infectoria were divided into external surface and cross section inner parts were performed using hard cutter. Macroscopical view showed that the gall looked alike ball-shaped with numerous protruding blunt horn-like lumps on external rugae like surface (1.4-2.3 cm in diameter). The cross section revealed three major parts; outer, middle and inner layer containing whitish core separated by barrier. The parenchyma cells could be seen in most part of the layer and elongated to formations of tracheid cells. Elemental analysis showed that the galls contain various useful minerals of carbon, calcium, oxygen, magnesium, silicon, potassium, sodium and chlorine. The elements distributions were different in each part. Most of the elements found in the external surface. The cross section part showed the highest number of elements on the outermost layer and it was the only part where the sodium and chlorine were found. These present study serve as a valuable information about macroscopic and microscopic features of the galls besides trace elements composition that will be useful for the establishment of quality standards and future reference for galls authentication

Ethnomedical Survey of Aborigines Medicinal Plants in Gua Musang, Kelantan, Malaysia

The practice of herbal medicine had been diminishing, which may lead to the loss of valuable information about healing herbs. Therefore, an ethnomedical analysis was carried out in order to document the traditional medicinal uses of plants, which are commonly used among the Kelantanese Aborigines. A detailed systematic exploration of traditional ethnobotanical knowledge of medicinal plants of rural area in Kelantan was carried out mainly through interviews among aboriginal households (house-to-house interviews) and traditional healers. A total of 46 species was identified as having potential medicinal efficacy in curing different diseases and illnesses. Findings from this study can be used as a pharmacological basis in selecting plants for further phytochemical and pharmaceutical-nutrition studies

Enhancing moringa nutritive value for impoverished populations and healthy wellbeing through proper nutrient enrichment

Taking into account the many cases of malnutrition related deaths in especially sub-Saharan Africa, the current research effort was conceived with the objective of appraising the nutritive potential of Moringa oleifera L. plant through the evaluation of proper agronomic practice that will enhance its nutritive potential. Measured quantity of dried roots, stem, and leaves portions of 5 months old Moringa oleifera L. seedlings, grown under various applied phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) rates were analysed for essential and non-essential amino acids content, total antioxidants, secondary metabolites (phenolics and flavonoids), and mineral nutrient elements. The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed the presence of 9 essential and 7 non-essential amino acids, with a range of 4.24 to 10.04 gkg-1 recorded for leucine, threonine, histidine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and glycine. The 2,2ꞌ- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay revealed strong antioxidants presence (up to 68% DPPH scavenging activity and a high level FRAP potential of 2500 mg ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE) / 100g dry weight (DW). Folin-Ciocalteu’s and aluminium chloride calorimetric assay revealed high levels of secondary metabolites (ranging from 1000 to 1350 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100g DW total phenolics and up to 2400 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/1mg DW total flavonoids), and the nitric acid wet digestion procedure revealed a lot of mineral nutrient elements (with significant values of up to 19.13 g kg-1 maximum content acquired from calcium (Ca) and up to 9.90 g kg-1 recorded for iron (Fe). These nutritive components are noted to be highest in the leaves portion, followed by the roots, and then the stem parts. Based on its recognised rich base nutritive content, Moringa oleifera L. is a tree plant of nutraceuticals importance for impoverished communities

Main structural targets for engineering lipase substrate specificity

Microbial lipases represent one of the most important groups of biotechnological biocatalysts. However, the high-level production of lipases requires an understanding of the molecular mechanisms of gene expression, folding, and secretion processes. Stable, selective, and productive lipase is essential for modern chemical industries, as most lipases cannot work in different process conditions. However, the screening and isolation of a new lipase with desired and specific properties would be time consuming, and costly, so researchers typically modify an available lipase with a certain potential for minimizing cost. Improving enzyme properties is associated with altering the enzymatic structure by changing one or several amino acids in the protein sequence. This review detailed the main sources, classification, structural properties, and mutagenic approaches, such as rational design (site direct mutagenesis, iterative saturation mutagenesis) and direct evolution (error prone PCR, DNA shuffling), for achieving modification goals. Here, both techniques were reviewed, with different results for lipase engineering, with a particular focus on improving or changing lipase specificity. Changing the amino acid sequences of the binding pocket or lid region of the lipase led to remarkable enzyme substrate specificity and enantioselectivity improvement. Site-directed mutagenesis is one of the appropriate methods to alter the enzyme sequence, as compared to random mutagenesis, such as error-prone PCR. This contribution has summarized and evaluated several experimental studies on modifying the substrate specificity of lipase

A multi-stakeholder strategy to identify conservation priorities in Peninsular Malaysia

Malaysia, with its rapidly growing economy, exemplifies the tensions between conservation and development faced by many tropical nations. Here we present the results of a multi-stakeholder engagement exercise conducted to (1) define conservation priorities in Peninsular Malaysia and (2) explore differences in perceptions among and within stakeholder groups (i.e. government, academia, NGOs and the private sector). Our data collection involved two workshops and two online surveys where participants identified seven general conservation themes and ranked the top five priority issues within each theme. The themes were: (1) policy and management, (2) legislation and enforcement, (3) finance and resource allocation, (4) knowledge, research and development, (5) socio-economic issues, (6) public awareness and participation and (7) rights of nature. In spite of their very different backgrounds and agendas, the four stakeholder groups showed general agreement in their priority preferences except for two issues. Respondents from government and private sector differed the most from each other in their priority choices while academia and NGO showed the highest degree of similarity. This ranked list of 35 conservation priorities is expected to influence the work of policy-makers and others in Peninsular Malaysia and can be used as a model to identify conservation priorities elsewhere