Equilibrium Price Dispersion in a Model of Discount Competition

2004-09This paper considers the existence of equilibrium price dispersion in a model of discount competition with perfect information and homogeneous agents. The congestion effect is introduced as the scarcity of good sold at low prices. Consumers take into account not only the prices but also the availability of goods. Firms set their bargain prices and limited supplies. There exists a continuum of asymmetric Nash equilibria in which any kinds of price dispersion exist. The game structure coincides with the proportional-share game which is known in the rent-seeking literature.departmental bulletin pape

UDLガイドラインを用いた知的障害特別支援学校の授業改善 : 集団の授業への活用が教師の意識と指導・支援に及ぼす効果<教育科学>

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Development nof the child universal unified prevention program for diverse disorders using electronic devices and examination of its availability

本研究は，The Universal Unified Prevention Program for Diverse Disorders (Up2-D2)のアプリケーション(電子版Up2-D2)を開発し，その利用可能性を探索的に検討することを目的とした。電子版Up2-D2は，紙の教材を用いた通常のプログラム(通常版Up2-D2)と同様に，認知行動的技法とポジティブ心理学に基づくストレングスワークを中心に構成された。本研究では，全12回のうち2回分のセッションを取り上げ，それぞれ担任教師1名が集団形式で実施した。小学4年生の児童20名，及び授業指導者である担任教師に対して各回のセッション後に質問紙に回答を求めた。実施形態による児童評価の満足感を比較した結果，電子版Up2-D2のセッションの楽しさが通常版Up2-D2よりも有意に高かった。一方，担任教師評定においては，通常版Up2-D2の方が，電子版Up2-D2のセッションよりも満足感が高かった。これらの結果より，今後の開発を進める上での改善点と，児童のメンタルヘルスの問題への対処法を学ぶ教材として，用途に応じて電子版と通常版の活用可能性が論じられた。研究論文application/pdfdepartmental bulletin pape

Measurement of Time-Dependent CP-Violating Asymmetries in B0→ϕKS0, K+K-KS0, and η′KS0 Decays

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A) Phylogenetic tree relating the influenza A (H5N1) hemagglutinin (HA) segments of 589 avian, feline, and human viruses

The tree includes all HA segments isolated since 2000 from humans (82 isolates, minimum sequence length 1,000 nt), birds (503 isolates, minimum length 1500 nt), and cats (4 isolates). The 36 newly sequenced genomes are highlighted in color. Human cases, which occur in all 4 of the major influenza (H5N1) clades, are highlighted in red. The scale bar indicates an F84 distance of 0.01. A full-scale version of this tree is provided as Figure 3. B) Phylogeny of 71 complete genomes (avian isolates, all 8 segments concatenated) and 3 HA sequences (human isolates, marked with red arrows) from Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Russia, and Asia. Bootstrap values represent the percentage of 1,000 bootstrap replicates for which the partition implied by the edge was observed; see Methods for further details. The 3 European-Middle Eastern-African (EMA) subclades from are indicated with the same color scheme. Isolates from human hosts are found only in EMA-1. Colors indicate locales. The names of the isolates newly sequenced in this study are shown in text.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Genome Analysis Linking Recent European and African Influenza (H5N1) Viruses"</p><p></p><p> 2007;13(5):713-718.</p><p>Published online Jan 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2432181.</p><p></p

Phylogenetic tree of hemagglutinin (HA) segments from 36 avian influenza samples

A 2001 strain (A/duck/Anyang/AVL-1/2001) is used as an outgroup at top. Clade V1 comprises the 5 Vietnamese isolates at the bottom of the tree, and clade V2 comprises the 9 Vietnamese isolates near the top of the tree. The European-Middle Eastern-African (EMA) clade contains the remaining 22 isolates sequenced in this study; the 3 subclades are indicated by red, blue, and purple lines. The reassortant strain, A/chicken/Nigeria/1047–62/2006, is highlighted in red. Note that 4 segments including HA from this reassortant fall in EMA-1; the other 4 fall in EMA-2, as shown in . Bootstrap values supporting the 3 distinct EMA clades are taken from a consensus tree based on concatenated whole-genome sequences, excluding the reassortant strain. The consensus tree is provided as .<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Genome Analysis Linking Recent European and African Influenza (H5N1) Viruses"</p><p></p><p> 2007;13(5):713-718.</p><p>Published online Jan 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2432181.</p><p></p