The surrounding habitat of marine algae in Malta

Chapter 10The study of algae has been conducted throughout the ages recreating multiple times scientific research with the latest technology and development that renders the results more efficient and reliable. In the Maltese scenario certain advances have not been backed up with the local situation and therefore they lack the real counterpart issue of what in reality we can observe. The Maltese Islands have undergone several infrastructural changes, which in some cases altered the natural setting. The arena of algae in relation to the anthropogenic disturbance being imposed on them has not been scrutinised in depth. Th is study aims to focus on such field in order to have real life analyses of the environment that surrounds us. In order to homogenise an array of features, biotic and abiotic factors have been emphasised on. Chemical tests are part of the lab analysis that consume most of the time since the water samples are very critical to the study. Th e time span required for the data collection and tests to be carried out is one of the issues for such data to create a determinative pattern.peer-reviewe

GPCRs through the keyhole: the role of protein flexibility in ligand binding to β-adrenoceptors

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are proteins of pharmaceutical importance, with over 30% of all drugs in clinical use targeting them. Increasing numbers of X-ray crystal (XRC) structures of GPCRs offer a wealth of data relating to ligand binding. For the β-adrenoceptors (β-ARs), XRC structures are available for human β2- and turkey β1-subtypes, in complexes with a range of ligands. While these structures provide insight into the origins of ligand structure-activity relationships (SARs), questions remain. The ligands in all published complexed XRC structures lack extensive substitution, with no obvious way the ligand-binding site can accommodate β1-AR-selective antagonists with extended side-chains para- to the common aryloxypropanolamine pharmacophore. Using standard computational docking tools with such ligands generally returns poses that fail to explain known SARs. Application of our Active Site Pressurisation modelling method to β-AR XRC structures and homology models, however, reveals a dynamic area in the ligand-binding pocket that, through minor changes in amino acid side chain orientations, opens a fissure between transmembrane helices H4 and H5, exposing intra-membrane space. This fissure, which we term the “keyhole”, is ideally located to accommodate extended moieties present in many high-affinity β1-AR-selective ligands, allowing the rest of the ligand structure to adopt a canonical pose in the orthosteric binding site. We propose the keyhole may be a feature of both β1- and β2-ARs, but that subtle structural differences exist between the two, contributing to subtype-selectivity. This has consequences for the rational design of future generations of subtype-selective ligands for these therapeutically important targets

First-Year Papers Cover Page and Editorial Board

Volume 17, 2012 – 2013 EDITORS First-Year Program Margaret Lindsey, Dean Erin Valentino, Research Education Librarian Dania Field, Program Assistant First-Year Mentors Andrew Bannon-Guasp ‘13 Elizabeth Preysner ‘13 Megan Baxter ‘13 Junius Ross-Martin ‘15 Emma Belloumo ‘13 Lillian Young ‘13 Elizabeth Bilfinger ’13 Abigail Whalen ‘15 Editing, Layout, and Publishing Dania Field Amy Harrell Elizabeth Preysner The First-Year Papers were established in 1996-1997 to recognize the excellent written work of the first-year students at Trinity College. Each year, submissions are drawn from First-Year Seminars and from courses associated with the Cities, Guided Studies, InterArts, and Interdisciplinary Science Programs. The First-Year Papers Volume 17, 2012 – 2013 Published by Trinity College Hartford, Connecticut, September 201

First-Year Papers Cover Art and Editorial Board

Volume 16, 2011 – 2012 EDITORS First-Year Program Margaret Lindsey, Dean Erin Valentino, Research Education Librarian Dania Field, Program Assistant First-Year Mentors Perin Adams ‘13 Logan Marro ‘13 Jenna Allen ‘12 Caroline Peck ‘12 Katie Joachim ‘12 Liz Sherman ‘13 Shaun Stuer ‘13 Editing, Layout, and Publishing Dania Field Amy Harrell Elizabeth Preysner The First-Year Papers were established in 1996-1997 to recognize the excellent written work of the first-year students at Trinity College. Each year, submissions are drawn from First-Year Seminars and from courses associated with the Cities, Guided Studies, InterArts, and Interdisciplinary Science Programs. The First-Year Papers Volume 16, 2011 – 2012 Published by Trinity College Hartford, Connecticut, September 201

Research Strategies Award Essay: The Boston Molasses Disaster

This paper will illustrate the research adventure I embarked on in order to complete the final ten-page paper for my Theory and Writing of History Seminar. The paper topic was twofold; we were instructed to locate primary sources and to use them to reconstruct a past event as accurately as possible while at the same time using our particular topic as a test case to demonstrate the difficulty in doing so, taking special note of the relationship between evidence and historical truth

Villanova University School of Law Commencement Program - Class of 2012

The Program for the Commencement Exercises of the 57th graduating class of the Villanova University School of Law in 201