Which are the Parameters to be Controlled in Red Cell Products (Whole Blood, Red Cell Concentrates, Washed Red Cells, Leucocyte Poor Red Cell Concentrates, Frozen Red Cells) in Order that They May be Offered to the Medical Profession as Standardised Products with Specified Properties?

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/73259/1/j.1423-0410.1980.tb01863.x.pd

The Nebraska Bird Review, Volume 89 September 2021 Number 3

Summer Field Report, June - July 2021 by W. Ross Silcock 106 Diminishing Returns: Results of Black Rail Surveys in Nebraska by Joel G. Jorgensen, Lauren Greenwalt, Nancy E. Drilling, Caleb Strand and Stephen J. Brenner 128 A Brown-capped Black-capped Chickadee (Poecile atricapillus) in Sarpy County, Nebraska by W. Ross Silcock and Phil Swanson 136 2020 (32nd) Report of the NOU Records Committee by Mark A. Brogie 139 Black-throated Gray Warbler in Knox County, Nebraska by Mark A. Brogie 146 Subscription and Organization Information 14

Genotyping Of Kell, Duffy, Kidd And Rhd In Patients With β Thalassemia

Determination of Rh, Kell, Duffy and Kidd phenotypes in addition to ABO is used to prevent the alloimmunization to red blood cells (RBCs) antigens and as part of the antibody identification process in patients with β Thalassemia. However, phenotyping in these patients can be time consuming and difficult to interpret. In these situations, it would be valuable to have an alternative to hemagglutination tests to determine the patient's antigen profile. We used PCR-RFLP to genotype such patients. DNA was prepared from 50 patients with β Thalassemia who had been phenotyped by routine hemagglutination, and tested for Kell, Kidd, Duffy/ GATA mutation by PCR-RFLP. RHD/non-D was analysed by PCR product size associated to RHD gene sequence in intron 4 and exon 10/3'UTR. The genotyping assays were performed without knowledge of phenotype results. For RHD/non-D, 47 were RhD+ and RHD+/RHCE+, and 3 were RhD- and RHD-/RHCE+. For Kell, 48 kk were K2K2 and 2 Kk were K1K2. For Duffy, of 44 samples that had normal GATA box, 8 Fy(a+b-) were FYA/FYA, 15 Fy(a+b+) were FYB/FYB, and 19 Fy(a+b+) were FYA/FYB; of the other 4 samples 3 were FYA/FYB and heterozygous GATA mutation, and 1 Fy(a-b-) was FYB/FYB, homozygous GATA mutation. Two samples phenotyped as Fy(a+b-) that had normal GATA, presented the 265T/298 A mutations and two samples phenotyped as Fy(a-b+) were genotyped was FYA/FYB. For Kidd, 15 Jk(a+b) were JKA/JKA, 12 Jk(a-b+) were JKB/JKB, and 20 Jk(a+b+) were JKA/JKB. Three samples phenotyped as JK(a+b+) were genotyped as JKB/JKB. Genotype is more accurate than phenotype for determination of blood groups in polytransfused patients with β Thalassemia. Genotyping in these patients can be helpful to select antigen-negative RBCs for transfusion.2226976Blumberg, N., Peck, K., Ross, K., Avila, E., Immune response to chronic red blood cell transfusion (1983) Vox Sang, 44, pp. 212-217Economidou, J., Constantoulakis, M., Augoustaki, O., Adinolfi, M., Frequency of antibodies to various antigenic determinants in polytransfused patients with homozygous thalassemia in Greece (1971) Vox Sang, 20, p. 252Sirchia, G., Zanella, A., Parravicini, A., Morelati, F., Rebulla, P., Masera, G., Red cell alloantibodies in patients with thalassemia major. Results of na Italian cooperative study (1985) Transfusion, 25, p. 110Spanos, T., Karageorga, M., Ladis, V., Peristeri, J., Hatziliami, A., Kattamis, C., Red cell alloantibodies in patients with thalassemia (1990) Vox Sang, 58, p. 50Greenwalt, T.J., Zelenski, K.R., Transfusion support for hemoglobinopathies (1984) Clin. Haematol., 13, pp. 151-165Charache, S., Problems in transfusion therapy (1990) N. Engl. J. Med., 322, pp. 1666-1668. , editorialPerkins, H.A., The safety of the blood supply: Making decisions in transfusion medicine (1992) Blood Safety: Current Challenges, pp. 125-150. , Nance SJ, ed. Bethesda: American Association of Blood BanksColes, S.M., Klein, H.G., Holland, P.V., Alloimmunization in two multitransfused patient populations (1981) Transfusion, 21, pp. 462-466Michail-Merianou, V., Pamphili-Panouspoulou, L., Piperi-Lowes, L., Pelegrinis, E., Karaklis, A., Alloimmunization to red cell antigens in thalassemia: Comparative study of usual versus better-match transfusion programmes (1987) Vox Sang, 52, p. 95Reid, M.E., Yazdanbakhsh, K., Molecular insights into blood groups and implications for blood transfusions (1998) Current Opinion in Hematology, 5, pp. 93-102Avent, N.D., Human erythrocyte antigen expression: Its molecular bases (1997) Br. J. Biom. Sci., 54, pp. 16-37Lee, T.H., Donegan, E., Slichter, S., Bush, M.P., Transient increase in circulating donor leucocytes after allogeneic transfusions in Immunocompetent recipients compatible with donor cell proliferation (1995) Blood, 85, pp. 1207-1214Adams, F.T., Davenport, R.D., Rcardon, D.A., Roth, M.S., Detection of circulating donor white blood cells in patients receiving multiple trasnfusions (1992) Blood, 80, pp. 551-555Lee, T.-H., Paglieroni, T., Ohro, H., Holland, P.V., Bush, M.P., Longterm multi-lineage chimerism of donor leucocytes in transfused trauma patients (1996) Blood, 88, p. 265. , abstrRios, M., Cash, K., Strupp, A., Uehlinger, J., Reid, M.E., DNA from urine sediment or buccal cells can be used for blood group molecular genotyping (1999) Immunehematology, 15, pp. 61-65Reid, M.E., Rios, M., Powell, D., Charles-Pierre, D., Malavade, V., DNA from blood samples can be used to genotype patients who have recently received a transfusion (2000) Transfusion, 40, pp. 1-6Davies, L., Dibner, M.D., Battey, J.F., (1986) Basic Methods in Molecular Biology, , Elsevier Science Publishing Co. Inc., New YorkLee, S., Wu, X., Reid, M.E., Zelinski, T., Redman, C., Molecular basis of the Kell (K1) phenotype (1995) Blood, 85, pp. 912-916Olivès, B., Merriman, M., Bailly, P., Bain, S., Barnett, A., Todd, J., Cartron, J.-P., Merriman, T., The molecular basis of the Kidd blood group polymorphism and its lack of association with type 1 diabetes susceptibility (1997) Hum. Mol. Genet., 6, pp. 1017-1020Chaudhuri, A., Polyakova, J., Zbrezezna, V., Williams, K., Gulati, S., Pogo, A.O., Cloning of glycoprotein D cDNA, which encodes the major subunit of the Duffy blood group system and the receptor for the Plasmodium vivax malaria parasite (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 90, pp. 10793-10797Iwamoto, S., Omi, T., Kajii, E., Ikemoto, S., Genomic organization of the glycophorin D gene: Duffy blood group Fy a/Fy b alloantigen system is associated with a polymorphism at the 44-amino residue (1995) Blood, 85, pp. 622-626Tournamille, C., Collin, Y., Cartron, J.-P., Van Le Kim, C., Disruption of a GATA motif in the Duffy gene promotor abolishes erythroid gene expression in Duffy-negative individuals (1995) Nature Genet., 10, pp. 224-228Rios, M., Reid, M.E., Naime, D., Chaudhuri, A., Pogo, A.O., Bianco, C., Importance of GATA box analysis in genotyping for the Duffy blood group system (1997) Transfusion, 37 (S), pp. 101S. , abstrZimmerman, P.A., Woolley, I., Masinde, G.L., Miller, S.M., McNamara, D.T., Hazlett, F., Mgone Alpers, M.P., Kazura, J.W., Emergence of FY*A(null) in a Plasmodium vivax-endemic region of Papua New Guinea (1999) Proc Natl Acad Sci. USA, 96 (24), pp. 13973-13977. , Nov 23Olsson, M.L., Hansson, C., Akesson, I.E., Avent, N.D., Daniels, G.L., Detection of the common alleles at the Duffy blood group locus by allele-specific primer PCR (1997) Transfusion, 37 (S), pp. 102S. , abstrCartron, J.-P., Bailly, P., Van Le Kim, C., Insights into the structure and function of membrane polypeptides carrying blood group antigens (1998) Vox Sang, 74 (SUPPL. 2), pp. 29-64Huang, C.H., Molecular insights into the Rh protein family and associated antigens (1997) Curr Opin Hematol., 4, pp. 94-103Huang, C.H., Blumenfeld, O.O., MNSs blood groups and major glycophorins: Molecular basis for allelic variation (1995) Molecular Basis of Major Human Blood Group Antigens, pp. 153-183. , cartron J-P, Pouger P, eds. New York: Plenum PressAvent, N.D., Reid, M.E., The Rh Blood group system: A review (2000) Blood, 95, pp. 1-1

The NIR structure of the barred galaxy NGC253 from VISTA

[abridged] We used J and Ks band images acquired with the VISTA telescope as part of the science verification to quantify the structures in the stellar disk of the barred Sc galaxy NGC253. Moving outward from the galaxy center, we find a nuclear ring within the bright 1 kpc diameter nucleus, then a bar, a ring with 2.9 kpc radius. From the Ks image we obtain a new measure of the deprojected length of the bar of 2.5 kpc. The bar's strength, as derived from the curvature of the dust lanes in the J-Ks image, is typical of weak bars. From the deprojected length of the bar, we establish the corotation radius (R_CR=3 kpc) and bar pattern speed (Omega_b = 61.3 km /s kpc), which provides the connection between the high-frequency structures in the disk and the orbital resonances induced by the bar. The nuclear ring is located at the inner Lindblad resonance. The second ring does not have a resonant origin, but it could be a merger remnant or a transient structure formed during an intermediate stage of the bar formation. The inferred bar pattern speed places the outer Lindblad resonance within the optical disk at 4.9 kpc, in the same radial range as the peak in the HI surface density. The disk of NGC253 has a down-bending profile with a break at R~9.3 kpc, which corresponds to about 3 times the scale length of the inner disk. We discuss the evidence for a threshold in star formation efficiency as a possible explanation of the steep gradient in the surface brightness profile at large radii. The NIR photometry unveils the dynamical response of the NGC253 stellar disk to its central bar. The formation of the bar may be related to the merger event that determined the truncation of stars and gas at large radii and the perturbation of the disk's outer edge.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrphysics. High resolution pdf file is available at the following link: https://www.dropbox.com/s/4o4cofs1lyjrtpv/NGC253.pd

Quantifying the efficiency and biases of forest Saccharomyces sampling strategies

Saccharomyces yeasts are emerging as model organisms for ecology and evolution, and researchers need environmental Saccharomyces isolates to test ecological and evolutionary hypotheses. However, methods for isolating Saccharomyces from nature have not been standardized and isolation methods may influence the genotypes and phenotypes of studied strains. We compared the effectiveness and potential biases of an established enrichment culturing method against a newly developed direct plating method for isolating forest floor Saccharomyces spp. In a European forest, enrichment culturing was both less successful at isolating S. paradoxus per sample collected and less labor intensive per isolated S. paradoxus colony than direct isolation. The two methods sampled similar S. paradoxus diversity: the number of unique genotypes sampled (i.e., genotypic diversity) per S. paradoxus isolate and average growth rates of S. paradoxus isolates did not differ between the two methods, and growth rate variances (i.e., phenotypic diversity) only differed in one of three tested environments. However, enrichment culturing did detect rare S. cerevisiae in the forest habitat, and also found two S. paradoxus isolates with outlier phenotypes. Our results validate the historically common method of using enrichment culturing to isolate representative collections of environmental Saccharomyces. We recommend that researchers choose a Saccharomyces sampling method based on resources available for sampling and isolate screening. Researchers interested in discovering new Saccharomyces phenotypes or rare Saccharomyces species from natural environments may also have more success using enrichment culturing. We include step-by-step sampling protocols in the supplemental materials

Commencement Program: 2006

Invocation - Anthony J. Mravle Introduction - Daniel J. Ferry Commencement Address - Gladys Gary Vaughn Presentation of Graduates - Nancy Blattner Conferring of Degrees - Dennis C. Golden Alumni Hood Award - Sarah E. Watson Conferring of Honorary Degree - Dennis C. Golden Welcome to the Alumni Association - Suzanne Stuckenschneider McAtee Alumni Chain Ceremony - Patrice Thomas, Michelle N. Tinker Benediction - Barbara L. Dreher, CS

Detection of [OI] 6300 and Other Diagnostic Emission Lines in the Diffuse Ionized Gas of M33 with Gemini-North

We present spectroscopic observations of diffuse ionized gas (DIG) in M33 near the HII region NGC 604. We present the first detection of [OI] 6300 in the DIG of M33, one of the critical lines for distinguishing photo- from shock ionization models. We measure [OI]/Ha in the range of 0.04 to 0.10 and an increase in this ratio with decreasing emission measure. Our measurements of [SII]/Ha and [NII]/Ha also rise with decreasing emission measure, while our [OIII]/Hb measurements remain fairly constant. We have one tentative detection of He I in the region of brightest emission measure, with a ratio of He I/Ha = 0.033 +- 0.019, indicating that the helium is at least partially ionized. We compare our observed emission line ratios to photoionization models and find that field star ionization models do not fit our data well. Leaky HII region models are consistent with our data, without the need to invoke additional ionization mechanisms to fit our [OI] or [OIII] measurements. The closest large HII region is NGC 604 and is therefore a likely candidate for the source of the ionizing photons for the gas in this region.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, accepted by ApJ

HIIphot: Automated Photometry of HII Regions Applied to M51

We have developed a robust, automated method, hereafter designated HIIphot, which enables accurate photometric characterization of HII regions while permitting genuine adaptivity to irregular source morphology. HIIphot utilizes object-recognition techniques to make a first guess at the shapes of all sources then allows for departure from such idealized ``seeds'' through an iterative growing procedure. Photometric corrections for spatially coincident diffuse emission are derived from a low-order surface fit to the background after exclusion of all detected sources. We present results for the well-studied, nearby spiral M51 in which 1229 HII regions are detected above the 5-sigma level. A simple, weighted power-law fit to the measured H-alpha luminosity function (HII LF) above log L_H-alpha = 37.6 gives alpha = -1.75+/-0.06, despite a conspicuous break in the HII LF observed near L_H-alpha = 10^38.9. Our best- fit slope is marginally steeper than measured by Rand (1992), perhaps reflecting our increased sensitivity at low luminosities and to notably diffuse objects. HII regions located in interarm gaps are preferentially less luminous than counterparts which constitute M51's grand-design spiral arms and are best fit with a power-law slope of alpha = -1.96+/-0.15. We assign arm/interarm status for HII regions based upon the varying surface brightness of diffuse emission as a function of position throughout the image. Using our measurement of the integrated flux contributed by resolved HII regions in M51, we estimate the diffuse fraction to be approximately 0.45 -- in agreement with the determination of Greenawalt et al. (1998). Automated processing of degraded datasets is undertaken to gauge systematic effects associated with limiting spatial resolution and sensitivity.Comment: 41 pages, 14 figures, Postscript version with high-resolution figures at ftp://ftp.aoc.nrao.edu/staff/dthilker/preprint