Burmese amber fossils bridge the gap in the Cretaceous record of polypod ferns

publisher: Elsevier articletitle: Burmese amber fossils bridge the gap in the Cretaceous record of polypod ferns journaltitle: Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics articlelink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2016.01.003 content_type: article copyright: Copyright © 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.Copyright © 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. This document is the authors' final accepted version of the journal article. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from it

Retrospective comparative study of bone loss in implants with and without immediate loading in the Egas Moniz university clinic

To evaluate bone loss after three years in implants placed at the implantology consult at the Egas Moniz University Clinic, relating bone loss to the type of loading (conventional or immediate load). A comparative and retrospective study, performed on a sample of 65 implants, placed in 24 of 327 patients, who attended the implantology consult at the Egas Moniz University Clinic in 2015, representing 7.3% of the study population through the measurement of distance between implant platform and bone using radiographs. Three years after implant placement with and without immediate loading there is statistically significant bone loss mesially and distally. It was found that when compared bone loss in loaded vs unloaded mesially and distally implants, there were no statistically significant differences. The bone loss of the unloaded implants was compared three years after being placed, with the bone level of the loaded implants also three years later. No significant difference was found. Although no statistically significant differences were found between bone loss in loaded implants vs unloaded mesially and distally, as it is supported by the literature, it was possible to conclude that there was, in fact, a statistically significant bone loss, mesially and distally, three years after implant placement with and without immediate loading. This may be due to poor oral hygiene, a history of periodontitis, smoking and peri-implantitis.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Geotechnisches Monitoring am Beispiel statisch axialer, horizontaler und bi-direktionaler Pfahlprobebelastungen in Baku, Aserbaidschan

Im Anschluss an die von der Fugro Consult GmbH durchgeführte geotechnische Baugrunderkundung für die geplante Erweiterung eines Öl- und Gasterminals im Sangachal Distrikt südlich von Baku, Aserbaidschan, wurde durch die Fugro Consult GmbH in Zusammenarbeit mit Fugro Loadtest ein geotechnisches Monitoring-Programm in Form von Pfahlprobebelastungen durchgeführt und in diesem Zusammenhang verschiedene statische Zustände simuliert. Neben Vertikallasten, den Hauptlasten aus den zukünftigen Bauwerken, wurden auch horizontale Lasten am Pfahlkopf aufgetragen und mit verschiedenen Monitoring-Methoden während der Versuchsdurchführung überwacht. Das Monitoring-Programm wurde in zwei Feldkampagnen durchgeführt. In der ersten Kampagne wurden Probepfähle an ausgewählten Lokationen bis zum Versagen belastet, um Grenzzustände zu ermitteln, das Pfahldesign zu optimieren und die in der Baugrunderkundung ermittelten geotechnischen Parameter zu überprüfen. In einer zweiten Kampagne wurden dann Bauwerkspfähle getestet, um die Qualität der Pfahlherstellung zu prüfen und die vom Statiker vorgegebenen zulässigen Setzungen der Pfähle unter der geplanten Bauwerkslast zu kontrollieren.Following the geotechnical site investigation for the extension of the Oil- and Gas terminal in the Sangachal district, south of Baku, Azerbaijan performed by Fugro Consult GmbH a comprehensive pile monitoring program was performed subsequently by Fugro Consult GmbH in collaboration with Fugro Loadtest. The monitoring program comprised full scale static axial, lateral and bi-directional pile load tests using the O-cell® method. Beside vertical loads induced by the future building, also lateral loads were applied and monitored by means of different monitoring methods. The monitoring Program was performed in two field campaigns. During the first campaign only preliminary piles were loaded until failure in order to determine the ultimate limit state, to optimize the pile design and to verify the geotechnical parameter acquired during the preceding site investigation. During the second field campaign only working piles were tested to assure constant quality during pile installation and to confirm that allowable settlements stipulated by the designer are not exceeded

Sicherer IT-Einsatz im kommunalen Bereich - SAP R/3 beim LWL-Bau- und Liegenschaftsbetrieb

Der Bau- und Liegenschaftsbetrieb LWL-BLB ist eine eigenbetriebsähnliche Einrichtung des Landschaftsverbandes Westfalen-Lippe (LWL) mit Betriebssitz in Münster, Nordrhein-Westfalen. Er führt den Immobilienbestand des LWL. Hierzu nutzt er das auf SAP R/3 basierende IT-System PROMOS.CITY der PROMOS consult GmbH, einem Kooperationspartner der TFH Wildau. Ziel des vorliegenden Beitrages ist es, die von den Autoren initiierte und maßgeblich durchgeführte Entwicklung des IT-Sicherheits- und insbesondere des Berechtigungskonzeptes des LWL-BLB im Zusammenhang mit dem Einsatz von PROMOS.CITY zu skizzieren. Zunächst werden der LWL-BLB vorgestellt sowie die Rahmenbedingungen erklärt, denen das IT-Sicherheitskonzept genügen muss. Danach wird auf die Realisierung, Dokumentation und Einführung des Berechtigungskonzepts eingegangen. Abschließend werden notwendige weitere Schritte aufgezeigt, um das Sicherheitskonzept aktuell zu halten.The Bau- und Liegenschaftsbetrieb LWL-BLB, based in Münster, Nordrhein-Westfalen is an own establishment of the Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe LWL. The LWL-BLB administrates the LWL real estate inventory using PROMOS-CITY. This is a SAP R/3 business solution developed by the PROMOS consult GmbH – a cooperation partner of the University of Applied Sciences Wildau. The intention of this paper is to sketch the development of the LWL-BLB security and authorization concept concerning PROMOS.CITY initiated and significantly realized by the authors. At first we introduce the LWL-BLB and the general conditions with respect to the ict security concept. In the next step we describe the realization, documentation and implementation of the authorization concept. At least we discuss some steps which are necessary to keep the security concept up-to-date

Willful Infringement and the Evidentiary Value of Opinion Letters After Knorr–Bremse v. Dana

Recently, the Federal Circuit in Knorr-Bremse v. Dana overruled almost twenty years of precedent by striking down the adverse inference doctrine, which had created a negative presumption against any alleged patent infringer for failing to obtain and disclose a patent opinion letter at trial. The decision, while strongly supported by numerous intellectual property and business associations, has created uncertainty for patent attorneys regarding the use of opinion letters in litigation and the acceptable methods for proving willful infringement. This iBrief addresses two specific questions left unanswered by the decision. It concludes that (1) Federal Circuit precedent strongly suggests that the plaintiff may inform the fact-finder that the alleged infringer failed to consult legal counsel, and (2) willful infringement findings can probably be avoided even absent an opinion from counsel, as long as the alleged infringer makes a showing of good faith intent to avoid infringement

indigenous perspectives on global norms

Ever since Evo Morales Ayma became Bolivia's first indigenous president in 2006 and the promulgation of a human-rights-enhancing Constitution (2009) thereafter, indigenous peoples’ rights were gradually recognised. Yet, with the increasing demand for natural resources, indigenous communities have been adversely affected by the state's neo-extractivist policies. While global indigenous rights norms protect their fundamental rights, legal-implementation processes in the country's lowlands reveal dilemmas in terms of the value of laws in practice as well as its reinterpretation on the ground. Namely, in the communities, different positions and camps have emerged in terms of the role and functions of participatory rights. Despite the potential of the latter in strengthening collective-rights regimes and self-determination, community leaders, advisers and other members report how such processes fracture and weaken decision-making mechanisms and human rights claims

CHORUS Deliverable 4.3: Report from CHORUS workshops on national initiatives and metadata

Minutes of the following Workshops: • National Initiatives on Multimedia Content Description and Retrieval, Geneva, October 10th, 2007. • Metadata in Audio-Visual/Multimedia production and archiving, Munich, IRT, 21st – 22nd November 2007 Workshop in Geneva 10/10/2007 This highly successful workshop was organised in cooperation with the European Commission. The event brought together the technical, administrative and financial representatives of the various national initiatives, which have been established recently in some European countries to support research and technical development in the area of audio-visual content processing, indexing and searching for the next generation Internet using semantic technologies, and which may lead to an internet-based knowledge infrastructure. The objective of this workshop was to provide a platform for mutual information and exchange between these initiatives, the European Commission and the participants. Top speakers were present from each of the national initiatives. There was time for discussions with the audience and amongst the European National Initiatives. The challenges, communalities, difficulties, targeted/expected impact, success criteria, etc. were tackled. This workshop addressed how these national initiatives could work together and benefit from each other. Workshop in Munich 11/21-22/2007 Numerous EU and national research projects are working on the automatic or semi-automatic generation of descriptive and functional metadata derived from analysing audio-visual content. The owners of AV archives and production facilities are eagerly awaiting such methods which would help them to better exploit their assets.Hand in hand with the digitization of analogue archives and the archiving of digital AV material, metadatashould be generated on an as high semantic level as possible, preferably fully automatically. All users of metadata rely on a certain metadata model. All AV/multimedia search engines, developed or under current development, would have to respect some compatibility or compliance with the metadata models in use. The purpose of this workshop is to draw attention to the specific problem of metadata models in the context of (semi)-automatic multimedia search

CHORUS Deliverable 3.3: Vision Document - Intermediate version

The goal of the CHORUS vision document is to create a high level vision on audio-visual search engines in order to give guidance to the future R&D work in this area (in line with the mandate of CHORUS as a Coordination Action). This current intermediate draft of the CHORUS vision document (D3.3) is based on the previous CHORUS vision documents D3.1 to D3.2 and on the results of the six CHORUS Think-Tank meetings held in March, September and November 2007 as well as in April, July and October 2008, and on the feedback from other CHORUS events. The outcome of the six Think-Thank meetings will not just be to the benefit of the participants which are stakeholders and experts from academia and industry – CHORUS, as a coordination action of the EC, will feed back the findings (see Summary) to the projects under its purview and, via its website, to the whole community working in the domain of AV content search. A few subjections of this deliverable are to be completed after the eights (and presumably last) Think-Tank meeting in spring 2009

A Budding Theory of Willful Patent Infringement: Orange Books, Colored Pills, and Greener Verdicts

The rules of engagement in the brand-name versus generic-drug war are rapidly changing. Brand-name manufacturers face increasing competition from Canadian manufacturers of generic drugs, online drug companies, and Wal-Mart® Super Centers deciding to cash in by turning a piece of the generic prescription drug business into a huge marketing campaign with offerings of generic drugs for four dollar prescriptions. Other discount drug providers are likely to follow suit in hopes of boosting customer traffic and sales of their generic drugs. Now, more than ever before, attorneys representing owners of pharmaceutical patents need to be creative with their damages theories to maximize recovery and help their clients recoup the investments in research and development necessary to bring new and innovative drugs to the marketplace. This article suggests a novel theory of willful infringement to assist a patent owner in recovering treble damages and attorneys’ fees