1,5-Bis (2-Hydroxyphenyl)Pent-1,4-Diene-3-One: A Lead Compound for the Development of Broad-spectrum Antibacterial Agents

A systematic and comparative study has been made starting from a naturally occurring chalcone nucleus to design effective antibacterial agents. The present investigation established 1,5-bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)pent 1,4-diene-3-one (1c) as a lead compound with potential against a panel of pathogenic bacterial strains, Staphylococcus (coagulase negative), Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acenetobacter sp. and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Gentamycine and tetracycline were used as reference drugs. Themodeof antibacterial action of 1c was also studied by scanning electron microscopy, which showed membrane disruption and cell lysis of the organisms during the exposure of the tested compound. In vitro toxicity tests demonstrated that all the bioactive compounds showed far less toxicity against human erythrocytes.Keywords: Chalcone, Antibacterial Agent, MIC, α,β-unsaturated Carbonyl Compound

Supplemental Primary Tooth: A Review & Report Of A Rare Occurrence

Supernumerary teeth, is defined as teeth that exceed the normal dental formula, regardless of their location and morphology and can be found in almost any region of the dental arch both in the primary and permanent dentition. A Supplemental Tooth is a type of supernumerary tooth that is so well formed that it mimics a fully formed tooth. It usually appears distal to a lateral incisor. Its detection requires the careful counting and identification of each tooth in the dental arch. Although many theories have been proposed, the cause is poorly understood. World-wide, few studies have measured the prevalence in the primary dentition, and statistics quoted in the dental literature are inconsistent.  While this discrepancy may be the result of a difference in detection, with primary teeth being more likely to be missing because of exfoliation or early extraction, it has also been postulated that disturbances in interactions between epithelium and mesenchyme, which affect tooth development, are less likely to occur in primary teeth because of the more stable environment prior to birth.This Paper Attempts to review the Occurrence of Supplemental Tooth in the Primary Dentition & report a rare Case of a Supplemental Maxillary Canine

Carboxymethylated gum tragacanth crosslinked poly(sodium acrylate)hydrogel: Fabrication, characterization, rheology and drug-delivery application

 This study aimed to synthesize Carboxymethylated Gum Tragacanth (CMGT) from the Gum Tragacanth (GT). Modified gum’s potential as a drug delivery carrier has been explored by synthesizing CMGT based hydrogels. The viscoelastic characteristics of the fabricated hydrogel have been examined by Rheological analysis. SEM studies have been conducted to examine the surface morphology and TGA is used to perform the thermal analysis. XRD, FTIR, and solid state 13C NMR have been used to examine the structural features of the GT, CMGT, sodium acrylate based hydrogel (SAH) and carboxymethylated gum tragacanth co-polymerized with sodium acrylate based hydrogel (CMGT-co-SAH). The anti-inflammatory drug, Aceclofenac Sodium(AFS) loaded onto the hydrogel has been used as a model drug. The AFS follows the Fickian mechanism of diffusion and the results are best fitted in Higuchi and Korsmeyer–Peppas models.

ISSUES AND CHALLENGES IN INDIAN MULTI-LINGUAL AND MULTI SCRIPTS BIBLIOGRAPHIC RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS

Multilingual retrival systems are very important for countries like India, where we have multiple scripts and many languages for verbal and written communication. The creation of a multilingual interface for the retrival, management, and processing of information and knowledge needs systematic efforts and requires related features in the Library Management Software and the availability of bibliographic records in catalogues. This paper is an effort to study various related aspects of multilingual record creation and retrival provisions in Union Datanases. The development of a multilingual environment for accessing and retrieving library resources among the users as well as library professionals is essential. The article is divided into five sections. The first section deals with the introduction. It covers the multilingual system, with reference to multiscript bibliographic control, the objective, and methodology of the study. The second section examines the contours of multilingual bibliographic control, in particular in the Indian context. The third section deals with the multilingual cataloguing procedure and The fourth section deals with the Situation in India in Terms of Multilingual Bibliographic Database and Issues. issues, challenges, and solutions. The fifth and final section of the article is concerned with the conclusion. The objective of this paper is to analyse the issues and challenges in the Indian multi-lingual and multi-script bibliographic retrieval systems. Through the analysis of available bibliographic data and database interfaces, the authors evaluate the adoption of multilingual and multi script processes and procedures for bibliographic data creation. The study\u27s findings will aid in understanding the current status of multilingual bibliographic record creation and the need for policy-level intervention to maintain and develop multilingual records for the creation of qualitative bibliographic databases

Determination of bioactive phytochemicals, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of Colchicum autumnale L. (Suranjanshireen)

In Unani System of Medicine Suranjanshireen (Colchicum autumnale L.) is primarily used for the treatment of arthritis, and it belongs to the family of Liliaceae. The current investigation was conducted to evaluate the phytochemical constituents, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity of C. autumnale L. Anti-oxidant activity was done using 2, 2'-azinobis (3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging test. The bioactive compounds of the extracts of C. autumnale were identified by GC-MS and UHPLC-QExactiveOrbitrap. Docking studies were carried out for anti-inflammatory activity.The subjective phytochemicals examination demonstrated the existence of phenols, flavonoids, glycosides, and terpenoids. Whereas the quantitative investigation indicated dichloromethane extract contains the maximum number of phenolic and flavonoids constituents and demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity. GC-MS, and UHPLC- QExactiveOrbitrap investigation of the extracts confirmed the existence of bioactive compounds. Docking analysis revealed that colchicoside (3 demethyl colchicine glucoside) inhibits IL-6 having binding energy -7.1 kcal/mol with an RMSD value of 0.00. Phytochemicals, antioxidant, GC-MS, UHPLC- QExactiveOrbitrap analysis and molecular docking results revealed that the compounds presented in C. autumnale L extracts were accountable for numerous therapeutic uses, for instance, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities

Determination of bioactive phytochemicals, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of Colchicum autumnale L. (Suranjanshireen)

52-60In Unani System of Medicine Suranjanshireen (Colchicum autumnale L.) is primarily used for the treatment of arthritis, and it belongs to the family of Liliaceae. The current investigation was conducted to evaluate the phytochemical constituents, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity of C. autumnale L. Anti-oxidant activity was done using 2, 2'-azinobis (3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging test. The bioactive compounds of the extracts of C. autumnale were identified by GC-MS and UHPLC-QExactiveOrbitrap. Docking studies were carried out for anti-inflammatory activity.The subjective phytochemicals examination demonstrated the existence of phenols, flavonoids, glycosides, and terpenoids. Whereas the quantitative investigation indicated dichloromethane extract contains the maximum number of phenolic and flavonoids constituents and demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity. GC-MS, and UHPLC- QExactiveOrbitrap investigation of the extracts confirmed the existence of bioactive compounds. Docking analysis revealed that colchicoside (3 demethyl colchicine glucoside) inhibits IL-6 having binding energy -7.1 kcal/mol with an RMSD value of 0.00. Phytochemicals, antioxidant, GC-MS, UHPLC- QExactiveOrbitrap analysis and molecular docking results revealed that the compounds presented in C. autumnale L extracts were accountable for numerous therapeutic uses, for instance, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities

Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activity of Sisymbrium irio L. Seeds

Sisymbrium irio (Family: Cruciferae) is used in Unani medicine. The qualitative and quantitative analysis showed the presence of different types of bioactive secondary metabolites for instance phenols, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, except reducing sugar and cardiac glycosides. The antioxidant activity was checked by DPPH and ABTS free radical trapping methods by using standards such as ascorbic acid and trolox. The methanol extract of the Indian variety of the seeds of Sisymbrium irio showed the highest antioxidant activity. The major pharmacological bioactive chemical compounds identified in different solvent extracts of Sisymbrium irio were characterized as : 2, 4- Di-tert-butylphenol, n-Hexadecanoic acid, 3’, 5’-Dimethoxyacetophenone, γ -Tocopherol, Cholesterol, 1-Nonedecene, γ -Sitosterol, Ergot-5-en-ol, (3- Beta, 24R)-, 3- Methylcrotononitrile, 1, 2 - Cyclopentadi-one, 1, 3 - Cyclohexanedione, 4-Isothiocyanato-1-Butene, Isosorbide, Sinapic acid methyl ester, 1, E-8, Z-10-Pentadecatriene and 7-Tetradecenal, (Z) and GC-MS fatty acid profile of the cold pressed seeds oil of plant showed the presence of major fatty acids such as: Linolenic acid (36.29%), Linoleic acid (17.99%), Oleic acid (12.58%), Cis-11-Eicosanoic acid (9.2%), Erucic acid (9.19%) and Palmitic acid (6.66%).  The elemental analysis of the seeds showed the presence of magnesium, calcium, strontium, titanium, chromium, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, aluminium, silicon, barium, iron, phosphorus, sodium, potassium and lead

Bioprocess of of Astaxanthin Production as Functional Food from Aurantiochytrium Microalgae: A Review

The Covid-19 pandemic has increased human needs for nutrition including functional food and nutraceutical products in line with the need to boost immunity to resist viral infection, maintain a healthy life, and limit fatalities. In this regard, the choice to use functional food and nutraceuticals seems to be a promising panacea. This paper aims to examine the potential of the microalgae species Aurantiochytrium, which is commonly found in the mangrove ecosystem. This microalgae species has received a lot of attention from researchers because of its high content of lipids and other high-value-added components as well as its fast growth and resistance to environmental stress. With current bioprocess technology, Aurantiochytrium microalgae can be deployed to produce high-value-added components such as astaxanthin. During the current pandemic, the need for this product is increasing as raw material for drugs, health supplements, antioxidants, and vaccine adjuvants that are in direct contact with efforts to combat the human coronavirus and prevent the spread of viral diseases. In general, producing functional nutritional products from  Aurantiochytrium microalgae requires several stages starting from the isolation and screening of microalgae, cultivation, extraction of the desired components and finally downstream processing for purification and packaging the product. Although Aurantiochytrium microalgae is found in the mangrove ecosystem, unfortunately, studies on the production potential of functional nutrients from microalgae Aurantiochytrium native strains from Indonesia have been rarely pubslihed. Therefore, it is expected that this study will become a fundamental basis for further research in this field and increasing attention for the production of functional nutrients from  Aurantiochytrium microalgae isolated from mangrove forests in Indonesia. An early insight into bioprocess technology modes such as appropriate isolation techniques, cultivation, and extraction to produce astaxanthin is provided