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    κ³΅κ³ΌλŒ€ν•™ λŒ€ν•™μ›μ—μ„œμ˜ 집단지성(Collective Intelligence) 속성 및 쑰건 탐색

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    κ΅­λ¬Έ 초둝 쑰직은 μ„œλ‘œ λ‹€λ₯Έ νŠΉμ„±μ„ 가진 κ°œμΈλ“€ κ°„μ˜ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©μ„ 톡해 집단이 얻을 수 μžˆλŠ” μœ μš©μ„±μ„ μ ˆμ‹€νžˆ μ²΄κ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. μ΄μ œλŠ” μ†Œμˆ˜μ˜ νƒμ›”ν•œ 개인의 λŠ₯λ ₯에 μ΄ˆμ μ„ λ§žμΆ”κΈ° λ³΄λ‹€λŠ” λ‹€μˆ˜μ˜ μΈμž¬λ“€ κ°„μ˜ ν˜‘μ—…μ˜ μ€‘μš”μ„±μ„ μΈμ‹ν•˜κ³ , 쑰직의 생산성 및 νš¨μœ¨μ„±μ„ κ·ΉλŒ€ν™”ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 인재λ₯Ό λ‹€κ°λ„λ‘œ ν™œμš©ν•˜λŠ” λ°©μ•ˆμ„ 적극적으둜 λͺ¨μƒ‰ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€. 이와 같이, μ„œλ‘œ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ 강점을 가지고 μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€ κ°„μ˜ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©μ„ 톡해 집단이 λ‹¨μˆœν•œ 개인의 ν•© μ΄μƒμ˜ λŠ₯λ ₯을 λ°œνœ˜ν•˜κ²Œ λœλ‹€λ©΄ 개인 및 쑰직 λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ μ›ν•˜λŠ” 건섀적인 κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό 이루어낼 수 μžˆμ„ 것이닀. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ λ§₯λ½μ—μ„œ 집단 κ΅¬μ„±μ›λ“€μ˜ λŠ₯λ ₯을 잘 발휘, ν™œμš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 효과적인 λ©”μ»€λ‹ˆμ¦˜μœΌλ‘œμ„œ 집단지성(Collective Intelligence)에 κ΄€ν•œ 탐색 및 적용이 ν•„μš”ν•œ μ‹œμ μ΄λ‹€. 집단지성(Collective Intelligence)은 집단 λ‚΄ μƒν˜Έκ°„μ˜ 긍정적인 μ‹œλ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό 톡해 집단 ν˜Ήμ€ νŒ€ λ‚΄μ—μ„œ κ°œκ°œμΈλ“€μ˜ νŠΉμ„±μ΄ 잘 λ°œνœ˜λ˜μ–΄ κ³΅λ™μ˜ λͺ©ν‘œλ₯Ό λ‹¬μ„±ν•˜λ„λ‘ μ΄λ„λŠ” μ§‘λ‹¨μ˜ λŠ₯λ ₯이라고 ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€. 이것은 μ‚¬νšŒμ‘°μ§μ΄ μˆ˜ν‰ν™” 될 λ•Œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚  수 μžˆλŠ” μž₯점을 적극적으둜 ν™œμš©ν•˜λŠ”λ° λŒ€ν•œ ν•¨μ˜λ₯Ό μ£Όκ³  μžˆλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ μ΄ˆμ μ€ 온라인 기반의 λŒ€μ€‘μ§€μ„±μ˜ κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ 주둜 λ…Όμ˜λ˜μ–΄ 온 집단지성을 μ˜€ν”„λΌμΈ μƒμ˜ μ „λ¬Έκ°€ μ§€μ„±μ˜ κ΄€μ μœΌλ‘œ λ…Όμ˜λ₯Ό ν™•μž₯ν•˜λŠ”λ° μžˆλ‹€. 즉, κ·Έλ™μ•ˆ 집단지성은 일반인, λ„€ν‹°μ¦Œ, μ‹œλ―Όλ“€μ„ μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ ν•˜λŠ” λŒ€μ€‘μ§€μ„±μ˜ κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ 주둜 λ…Όμ˜λ˜μ–΄ μ™”λ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ν˜‘μ—…μ„ μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜λŠ” μ „λ¬Έκ°€ μ§€μ„±μ˜ κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ 집단지성을 νƒμƒ‰ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨, 개인 및 κ°œμΈμ„ λ‘˜λŸ¬μ‹Έκ³  μžˆλŠ” ν™˜κ²½ μš”μ†Œ κ°„μ˜ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©μ„ 톡해 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜λŠ” ꡐ윑적 ν•¨μ˜λ₯Ό λ„μΆœν•  수 μžˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” ν˜‘μ—…μ΄ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ ν™˜κ²½ μ€‘μ˜ ν•˜λ‚˜λ‘œμ„œ κ³΅κ³ΌλŒ€ν•™ λŒ€ν•™μ›μ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” μ§‘λ‹¨μ§€μ„±μ˜ 양상을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ³  κ·Έλ‘œλΆ€ν„° ꡐ윑적 ν•¨μ˜λ₯Ό λ„μΆœν•˜κ³ μž ν•œλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λͺ©μ μ€ κ³΅κ³ΌλŒ€ν•™ λŒ€ν•™μ›μ—μ„œμ˜ μ§‘λ‹¨μ§€μ„±μ˜ 속성과 발휘쑰건이 μ–΄λ– ν•œμ§€λ₯Ό νƒμƒ‰ν•˜λŠ” 것이닀. κ³΅κ³ΌλŒ€ν•™ λŒ€ν•™μ›μƒλ“€μ΄ μ§€κ°ν•˜λŠ” μ§‘λ‹¨μ§€μ„±μ˜ 속성과 λ°œνœ˜μ‘°κ±΄μ„ ν™•μΈν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 타당화λ₯Ό 거친 λ©΄λ‹΄μš© μ§ˆλ¬Έμ§€λ₯Ό μ œμž‘ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 면담은 각 κ°œμΈλ³„λ‘œ 개인 λ©΄λ‹΄κ³Ό 포컀슀 그룹을 ν˜•μ„±ν•˜μ—¬ 이루어진 집단 λ©΄λ‹΄, 총 2νšŒμ”© μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ‘Œλ‹€. 면담을 μ‹œμž‘ν•˜κΈ° μ „, λ¨Όμ € 연ꡬ μ°Έμ—¬μžλ“€μ—κ²Œ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λͺ©μ κ³Ό 자료 ν™œμš© 등에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ„€λͺ…ν•˜κ³ , 연ꡬ μ°Έμ—¬ λ™μ˜μ„œλ₯Ό λ°›μ•˜λ‹€. 이와 ν•¨κ»˜ 개인적인 배경을 λ¬»λŠ” μ§ˆλ¬Έλ“€μ΄ μ œμ‹œλ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. 면담에 μ°Έμ—¬ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 총 11λͺ…μœΌλ‘œμ„œ, 연ꡬ μ°Έμ—¬μžλ“€μ€ λͺ¨λ‘ SλŒ€ κ³΅κ³ΌλŒ€ν•™ λŒ€ν•™μ› 박사과정 및 μˆ˜λ£Œμƒμ΄κ³ , κ³΅κ³ΌλŒ€ν•™ λ‚΄μ—μ„œ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 전곡을 ν•˜λŠ” ν•™μƒλ“€λ‘œ κ΅¬μ„±λ˜μ–΄ μžˆλ‹€. 이듀은 λŒ€ν•™μ› μž¬ν•™ κΈ°κ°„ λ™μ•ˆ μ°Έμ—¬ν–ˆλ˜ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈ κ²½ν—˜μ„ 기반으둜 μ„œλ‘œ λ‹€λ₯Έ λ°°κ²½ ν•˜μ— λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 응닡을 λ³΄μ—¬μ£Όμ—ˆλ‹€. μ—°κ΅¬μ°Έμ—¬μžλ“€μ„ λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ ν•˜λŠ” 두 μ°¨λ‘€μ˜ λ©΄λ‹΄ ν›„, κ·€λ‚©μ μœΌλ‘œ 자료λ₯Ό λΆ„μ„ν•˜λŠ” 방식인 λ‚΄μš© 뢄석을 톡해 자료λ₯Ό λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 이후, μ—°κ΅¬μžκ°€ λΆ„μ„ν•œ 각각의 ν•­λͺ©μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ‚΄μš© 뢄석 결과의 신뒰도λ₯Ό ν™•μΈν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ—°κ΅¬μ°Έμ—¬μžλ₯Ό λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ κ²°κ³Ό 뢄석 닀각검증을 μ‹€μ‹œν•œ ν›„ μ½”λ“œλ₯Ό μˆ˜μ •ν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 뢄석 κ²°κ³Ό, μ§‘λ‹¨μ§€μ„±μ˜ μ†μ„±μœΌλ‘œ 인지적 λ‹€μ–‘μ„±, 인지적 ν˜‘λ ₯ κ³Όμ •, 인지적 ν˜‘λ ₯을 ν†΅ν•œ μ‚°μΆœλ¬Όμ„ λ„μΆœν•˜μ˜€λ‹€. 인지적 닀양성에 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” μš”μ†Œλ‘œλŠ” κ΅¬μ„±μ›μ˜ μ„œλ‘œ λ‹€λ₯Έ 지식과 κ²½ν—˜, μ—°μ°¨κ°€ μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. 즉, ꡬ성원 각자의 전문성이 집단지성이 λ“œλŸ¬λ‚˜λŠ” 핡심적인 μš”μ†Œκ°€ λœλ‹€λŠ” 것이닀. 인지적 ν˜‘λ ₯ κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œλŠ” μ„œλ‘œμ—κ²Œ λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯, μ••λ ₯을 μ΅œμ†Œν™”ν•˜κ³ , μΌμ •ν•œ 거리λ₯Ό μœ μ§€ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ κ°μžμ—κ²Œ 주어진 과업을 달성할 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ ν•˜λŠ” 독립성, νƒ€μΈμ˜ 영ν–₯을 받지 μ•Šκ³  μžμ‹ μ˜ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ 문제λ₯Ό 바라보고 해결책을 λͺ¨μƒ‰ν•˜λŠ” λΆ„μ‚°ν™”, 쑰직 κ΅¬μ„±μ›λ“€μ˜ 이와 같은 κ°œλ³„μ μΈ νŒλ‹¨μ΄ κ³΅λ™μ˜ 집단적 κ²°μ •μœΌλ‘œ μˆ˜λ ΄λ˜λŠ” λ©”μ»€λ‹ˆμ¦˜μœΌλ‘œμ„œ 톡합이 μžˆλ‹€. 이쀑, 특히 ν†΅ν•©μ˜ 방식에 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ 수직적 톡합을 μ΅œμ†Œν™”ν•˜κ³ , μˆ˜ν‰μ  톡합을 ν™œμ„±ν™”ν•˜λŠ” 것이 집단지성을 κ²°μ •ν•˜λŠ” μ€‘μš”ν•œ μš”μ†Œλ‘œ μž‘μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ•Œ 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. λ˜ν•œ 인지적 ν˜‘λ ₯을 ν†΅ν•œ μ‚°μΆœλ¬Όλ‘œμ„œλŠ” κ³΅λ™μ˜ λͺ©ν‘œ 달성, ν•™λ¬Έμ Β·μ‹€μš©μ  κΈ°μ—¬, 개인 μ°¨μ›μ˜ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 배움이 μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”λ°, 이것은 인지적 λ‹€μ–‘μ„± 및 인지적 ν˜‘λ ₯ κ³Όμ •κ³Ό 유기적으둜 μ—°κ²°λ˜λ©°, μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μš”μ†Œλ“€μ΄ μ§‘λ‹¨μ§€μ„±μ˜ 속성을 κ΅¬μ„±ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것을 확인할 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. μ§‘λ‹¨μ§€μ„±μ˜ 발휘 μ‘°κ±΄μœΌλ‘œλŠ” 탑 리더십과 쀑간 λ¦¬λ”μ‹­μ˜ 역할이 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. 즉, μ§‘λ‹¨μ§€μ„±μ˜ 속성을 가지고 μžˆλ‹€κ³  ν•˜λ”λΌλ„ μ§‘λ‹¨μ§€μ„±μ˜ 속성이 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚  수 μžˆλŠ” 발휘쑰건이 잘 κ°–μΆ”μ–΄μ Έ μžˆμ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λ©΄ μ§‘λ‹¨μ§€μ„±μ˜ λ°œνœ˜μ— λ§Žμ€ μ œμ•½μ΄ λ”°λ₯΄κ²Œ λœλ‹€. λ¨Όμ €, 쑰직의 풍토λ₯Ό μ’Œμš°ν•˜λŠ” 결정적인 쑴재인 탑 λ¦¬λ”μ‹­μ˜ μ—­ν• λ‘œλŠ” 의미 μžˆλŠ” 연ꡬ 주제 μ„ μ •, 동기 λΆ€μ—¬, λͺ…ν™•ν•œ λͺ©ν‘œ 및 λ°©ν–₯ μ œμ‹œ, μ μ ˆν•œ μ—­ν•  λΆ„λ‹΄, 정기적인 연ꡬ진행 상황 및 점검, μ „λ¬Έμ„±, 자유둜운 λΆ„μœ„κΈ° μ‘°μ„±μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. μ§‘λ‹¨μ§€μ„±μ˜ ν™œμ„±ν™”λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄μ„œ 탑 리더십은 연ꡬ가 잘 진행될 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ ꡬ쑰화λ₯Ό ν•˜κ³ , μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 진행 상황을 μ κ²€ν•˜λŠ” 역할을 ν•˜λ˜, 집단 ꡬ성원듀 κ°„μ˜ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©μ— κ°œμž…ν•˜λŠ” 것은 μ΅œμ†Œν™”ν•˜λŠ” 것이 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€. 이와 λ”λΆˆμ–΄, 쀑간 λ¦¬λ”μ‹­μ˜ μ—­ν• λ‘œλŠ” ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈ 진행 관리, μ „λ¬Έμ„±, 개방적인 μžμ„Έ, 합리적인 κ³Όμ—… λΆ„λ°°, (ꡬ성원에 λŒ€ν•œ 이해λ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ ν•œ) 동기 λΆ€μ—¬, 배렀와 μ‘΄μ€‘μ˜ 리더십, μ›ν™œν•œ μ˜μ‚¬μ†Œν†΅μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. 쀑간 리더십은 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ˜ μ‹€μ§ˆμ μΈ μš΄μ˜μ„ λ§‘μœΌλ©΄μ„œ κ΅¬μ„±μ›λ“€κ³Όμ˜ κΈ΄λ°€ν•œ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš© ν•˜μ—μ„œ 연ꡬλ₯Ό μ§„ν–‰ν•˜κ²Œ λœλ‹€. μ§‘λ‹¨μ§€μ„±μ˜ ν™œμ„±ν™”λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” ꡬ성원듀과 일상을 ν•¨κ»˜ ν•˜κ³  ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ˜ μ‹€μ§ˆμ μΈ μš΄μ˜μ„ λ§‘λŠ” 쀑간 리더십이 민주적이고 μˆ˜ν‰μ μΈ 풍토λ₯Ό μ‘°μ„±ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ ꡬ성원듀과 μ›ν™œν•œ μƒν˜Έμž‘μš©μ„ 톡해 연ꡬλ₯Ό μ§„ν–‰ν•˜λŠ” 것이 λ°”λžŒμ§ν•œ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. λ˜ν•œ κ³΅κ³ΌλŒ€ν•™ λŒ€ν•™μ› λ‚΄μ—μ„œλŠ” 전곡 및 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ˜ νŠΉμ„±μ— 따라 κ°œλ³„ν˜•, νŒ€ν˜•, μœ΅ν•©ν˜•μ˜ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ 연ꡬ가 이루어짐을 μ•Œ 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. 즉, μ‹œκΈ°λ³„λ‘œ ν•„μš”μ— 따라 이 μ„Έ 가지 방식을 μ˜€κ°€λ©΄μ„œ 연ꡬλ₯Ό ν•˜κ²Œ 될 수 있고, 각 μœ ν˜•λ³„λ‘œ 집단지성이 μ›ν™œν•˜κ²Œ 일루어지기 μœ„ν•œ 발휘쑰건이 μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ ν™•μΈλ˜μ—ˆλ‹€. κ³΅κ³ΌλŒ€ν•™ λŒ€ν•™μ› λ‚΄μ—μ„œ 집단지성이 ν™œμ„±ν™”ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” 연ꡬ μ‹œμž‘ μ „ 사전 ꡬ쑰화λ₯Ό ν†΅ν•œ 곡유, 그리고 연ꡬ 진행 κ³Όμ • 쀑 정기적인 회의λ₯Ό 톡해 각자의 문제λ₯Ό κ³΅μœ ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨, μ„œλ‘œ 머리λ₯Ό λ§žλŒ€μ–΄ 문제λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν•΄ λ‚˜κ°€λŠ” 의견ꡐλ₯˜μ˜ μž₯을 μ •λ‘€ν™”ν•˜λŠ” 것이 κΈ‰μ„ λ¬΄μž„μ„ μ•Œ 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. λ˜ν•œ 졜근 μ‚¬νšŒμ μœΌλ‘œ λ§Žμ€ μ΄μŠˆκ°€ 되고 μžˆλŠ” μœ΅ν•© μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 경우, 타 전곡에 λŒ€ν•œ 이해가 μš°μ„ μ μœΌλ‘œ μš”κ΅¬λ˜λ©°, μ„œλ‘œ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ΄ν•΄κ΄€κ³„λ‚˜ μž…μž₯을 μ‘°μœ¨ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 리더십이 μ§‘λ‹¨μ§€μ„±μ˜ 발휘λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ μ€‘μš”ν•œ μ „μ œμ‘°κ±΄ μ€‘μ˜ ν•˜λ‚˜μΈ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬λ‹€. 이처럼, 집단지성은 λ§₯락과 상관없이 μœ ν˜•ν™”λ˜μ–΄ 있고 κ³ μ •μ μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚  수 있고, ꡬ성원이 μ†ν•˜λŠ” μ§‘λ‹¨μ˜ 풍토가 μ–΄λ– ν•˜λƒμ— 따라 μ§‘λ‹¨μ§€μ„±μ˜ 발휘 μ •λ„λŠ” 크게 λ‹¬λΌμ§ˆ 수 μžˆλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ μ œν•œμ μ„ λ³΄μ™„ν•˜κ³  연ꡬ결과λ₯Ό 보닀 νƒ€λ‹Ήν™”ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” λ‹€μŒκ³Ό 같은 점을 μœ λ…ν•  ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆλ‹€. 첫째, 이 연ꡬλ₯Ό 톡해 λ°ν˜€μ§„ 바에 따라 ν–₯ν›„μ—λŠ” μ§‘λ‹¨μ§€μ„±μ˜ 속성 및 쑰건, μœ ν˜• 등을 μ§‘λ‹¨λ³„λ‘œ μ°¨λ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ μ œμ‹œν•œ ν›„, μ‹€ν—˜μ„ μ§„ν–‰ν•˜μ—¬ 연ꡬ결과λ₯Ό μˆ˜μΉ˜ν™”ν•  수 μžˆμ„ 것이닀. λ‘˜μ§Έ, λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ ν–₯ν›„μ—λŠ” 더 λ§Žμ€ 수의 μ—°κ΅¬μ°Έμ—¬μžλ“€μ„ λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ 연ꡬλ₯Ό μˆ˜ν–‰ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨, 연ꡬ결과λ₯Ό μΌλ°˜ν™”ν•˜μ—¬ μ œμ‹œν•˜λŠ” λ™μ‹œμ—, 집단지성을 타 뢄야에 μ μš©ν•˜μ—¬ 보닀 폭넓은 ꡐ윑적 ν•¨μ˜λ₯Ό 얻을 수 μžˆμ„ 것이닀. μ…‹μ§Έ, ν–₯ν›„μ—λŠ” 집단지성과 κ΄€λ ¨ν•˜μ—¬ 인문 μ‚¬νšŒ λ“± 타 λΆ„μ•Όλ₯Ό λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ ν•˜λŠ” 연ꡬλ₯Ό μ§„ν–‰ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨, λΆ„μ•Όλ³„λ‘œ κ³ μœ ν•˜κ²Œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜λŠ” μ§‘λ‹¨μ§€μ„±μ˜ 양상을 ν™•μΈν•˜λŠ” 연ꡬ가 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€.ABSTRACT An exploration on Property and Condition of Collective Intelligence in College of Engineering Jeon, Jonghee Major Advisor: Moon, Yong-Lin Ph.D. The purpose of this study is to explore the property and condition of Collective Intelligence in college of Engineering. Collective intelligence is a shared or group intelligence that emerges from the collaboration and competition of many individuals and appears in consensus decision making in humans. This study includes graduate school of college of engineering as a typical case structured with collaboration. This study employs a qualitative method, including semi-structured interviews with questions based on previous research on collective intelligence. The interview method allows the research to explore subjects understandings on the level of collective intelligence in graduate school of college of engineering. Participants were asked to lists of 40 according to their importance, provides participants value priorities based on their experience as graduate school students. The interview was implemented with participants in twice. I interviewed 11 participants majoring in engineering in graduate school. They were presumed to represent a sample of ordinary engineering students. Their ages ranged from twenties to early thirties. The participants were consisted of various specific majors and it helped that I understood they have different perspectives in collaboration and conflict. Qualitative analysis of the transcripts revealed that property of collective intelligence: cognitive diversity, cognitive collaboration process, integration, cognitive products based on cognitive collaboration. Cognitive diversity includes knowledge, experience, and level of career. They perceived that the most important thing is their own individual knowledge in problem solving. Cognitive collaboration process consists of independency, decentralization, integration. It is important to ensure independency for minimizing other members psychological influence. Decentralization means that members solve given tasks using their own ideas in their own ways. Integration is defined as mechanism to transfer each members individual decision to collective decision. Integration is regarded to be important when converging each persons different opinions for drawing the best results. The most important thing is that securing of lateral integration in collective decision. Cognitive products were consisted of attainment of common goal, academic and practical contribution, scholarly attainments. Condition of Collective Intelligence was largely divided into roles of professor and middle leadership in projects. Roles of professor are selecting of meaningful research theme, motivation, specific goal setting, dividing proper roles, continuous checking, professionalism, setting of atmosphere of freedom. And roles of middle leadership are general project management, professionalism, open minds, rational distribution of tasks, motivation, considerate leadership, smoothly interaction. And also there were three collective intelligence types-individual, team, and fusion-in graduate school of engineering. It was required that common regular meeting as a basic condition for activating collective intelligence in various ways. The results of the present study show different aspects of collective intelligence in graduate school of engineering when comparing to arts and social science. They show unique perspectives on collective intelligence in engineering. Findings from the current study indicate that collective intelligence can be producted in various types and ways. And also this study demonstrates that it is possible to attain common goals with showing and developing each members ability in a group at the same time. In conclusion, collective intelligence can be appeared in several ways. And also it is important to consider a communitys climate, each members characteristics to activate collective intelligence.Docto

    Applying Multiple Intelligences Theory into Corporate Situation

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    λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 기업쑰직듀은 주둜 쑰직ꡬ성원듀이 가진 λŠ₯λ ₯(ν˜Ήμ€ 잠재λŠ₯λ ₯)κ³Ό 같은 μΈμ μžμ›μ΄ μ•„λ‹Œ 쑰직의 ν•„μš”μ™€ μš°μ„ μˆœμœ„μ— μ΄ˆμ μ„ λ§žμΆ”μ–΄ κ°œμΈμ—κ²Œ 일을 λΆ„λ°°ν•˜λŠ” κ²½ν–₯이 μžˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 개인이 λŠ₯λ ₯κ³Ό μ—­λŸ‰, ν₯λ―Έλ₯Ό κ³ λ €ν•˜μ—¬ λΆ€μ„œλ₯Ό λ°°μΉ˜ν•˜κ³  업무λ₯Ό λΆ„λ‹΄ν•œλ‹€λ©΄ κ·Έ μ‹œλ„ˆμ§€ νš¨κ³ΌλŠ” 맀우 클 것이며, ꢁ극적으둜 κΈ°μ—…μ‘°μ§μ˜ μ΄μœ€μ°½μΆœμ—λ„ 도움이 될 수 μžˆμ„ 것이닀. μ΅œκ·ΌκΉŒμ§€, μΈκ°„μ˜ λŠ₯λ ₯ κ³„λ°œμ— κ΄€ν•œ λ§Žμ€ 연ꡬ듀은 주둜 ν•™κ΅λΌλŠ” λ§₯락에 μ΄ˆμ μ„ λ§žμΆ”μ–΄ μ™”κ³ , κΈ°μ—… 쑰직의 κ΅¬μ„±μ›μœΌλ‘œμ„œμ˜ 성인듀에 λŒ€ν•œ λ…Όμ˜λŠ” 거의 μ§„ν–‰λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μ—ˆλ‹€. μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 점듀을 κ³ λ €ν•˜μ—¬ μ΄μ œλŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μΌμƒμƒν™œ μ†μ—μ„œ λ§Žμ€ μ‹œκ°„μ„ λ³΄λ‚΄λŠ” 직μž₯ λ§₯락에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλ„ μ’€ 더 λ§Žμ€ 관심을 기울일 ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆλ‹€. λ³Έ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” Gardner의 닀쀑지λŠ₯ 이둠을 기업쑰직 λ‚΄μ˜ μΈμ μžμ›μ˜ 관리 및 ν™œμš©κ³Ό κ΄€λ ¨λœ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ νŒ¨λŸ¬λ‹€μž„μ΄μž ν‹€λ‘œ μ œμ‹œν•˜κ³ , 닀쀑지λŠ₯ 이둠의 적용 ν•„μš”μ„± 및 μ μš©μƒμ˜ 이점, 그리고 적용 κ°€λŠ₯성을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ³ , λ™μ‹œμ— 닀쀑지λŠ₯ 이둠의 μ μš©μƒμ˜ ν•œκ³„ 등에 κ΄€ν•΄ μ’…ν•©μ μœΌλ‘œ 탐색할 것이닀.Until recently, previous research on development of human competency has been gone forward focusing on school. But it needs to be adapted to work-related context that we spend most time in our daily lives. Thus, the development of human competency in lifelong learning society needs to expand into work-related context, as well as school context. After employing, companies tend to distribute their works, focusing on their organization’s needs and the order of priority in works, not human resources that individuals have, such as preference intelligences. Thus, it is important to examine strengths of Multiple Intelligences(MI) framework to confirm, develop, and apply their members’ abilities. Multiple Intelligences(MI) theory has focused on infant, elementary, and secondary school education, so there are little research nor discussion on MI based on adult’s work-related situation. It is possible for whole members to lead fundamental understanding about human abilities and competencies by applying MI theory in a company
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