她為什麼主動聯繫資源教師？--兩位國中普通班導師的經驗、成效與影響因素

[[abstract]]本研究以9個月時間，深度訪談的方式，探究兩位國中普通班導師主動聯繫資源教師的經驗、成效與影響因素。所得主要研究結果如下： 一、在「兩位導師主動聯繫資源教師的經驗」方面： （一）導師主動聯繫資源教師的經驗，主要可分為「尋求特教諮詢」、「轉介」與「請求資源教師接手處理問題」三種，其中又以「尋求特教諮詢」的次數最多。 （二）導師尋求特教諮詢的起因，包含了對身障生的身心特質有所疑惑、不知如何與身障生家長溝通、為增進輔導學生的成效，以及確認自己的特教觀念正確與否。 （三）透過特教諮詢，兩位導師獲得的回饋有：「抒解壓力」、「解決問題」、「增進特教知能」、「學習有效行為管理方法」，以及「獲得專業而具體的建議」。 二、在「兩位導師應用特教諮詢的內容與成效」方面： （一） 導師因為了解更身心障礙學生的特質，而調整自己對待學 生的方式。 （二） 導師透過特教諮詢成功地解決了學生的行為問題。 （三） 導師經由尋求特教諮詢，獲得了更多進行特教宣導時的具 體建議，而特教宣導也成功地增進了身障生在班級中的人際適應。 三、在「影響兩位導師尋求特教諮詢的因素」方面： 影響導師尋求特教諮詢的因素有五，包括：「諮詢成效佳」、「資源教師的特質」、「導師本身的特質」、「資源班的形象」，以及「導師與資源教師的友誼」。

[[alternative]]An entry study of fitness equipment industry into Muslim market

碩士[[abstract]]穆斯林市場不僅包含以伊斯蘭教（或回教）為國教的國家，也擴及有一定穆斯林人口及市場規模的國家，而印尼為東協最大經濟體，亦為世界最大穆斯林國家，穆斯林商機值得探索。印尼快速的都市化發展，加上大規模的人口數，帶來龐大的內需市場，經濟的快速成長帶動印尼中產階級的消費力。在經濟快速發展下，人們對於休閒生活、娛樂的需求增加，及健康意識的覺醒與高齡化社會來臨，使得健身器材之使用者不再以減肥與鍛鍊肌肉為主要目的，使運動健身型式的休閒方式成為現代人調和身心的一種趨勢。 本研究首先分析全球、台灣及印尼健身器材產業現況，協助企業了解穆斯林市場的文化特質、消費習性、市場規模及未來發展方向，讓企業能選擇正確的競爭策略來進入穆斯林市場。接著以SWOT及五力分析針對台灣健身器材產業進行分析，說明目前台灣健身器材產業面對的困境，最後從紅海及藍海策略提出未來發展趨勢。 研究發現得到以下結論：一、伊斯蘭文化對穆斯林市場影響甚深；二、印尼運動健身型式的休閒方式興起；三、台灣健身器材產業的優勢；四、台灣廠商進入穆斯林市場的策略。並針對研究發現提出以下四個建議：一、穆斯林婦女運動比例升高，針對家用市場宣傳；二、針對家用市場與商用市場不同訴求，提供不同需求；三、透過口碑宣傳台灣廠商優良品質；四、與當地進口代理商合作打開通路。[[abstract]]Muslim markets have expanded to not only Islamic and Mohammedanism countries but also the nations with Muslim population and market. Indonesia is the biggest economy of ASEAN and among Muslim countries in the world; therefore, the opportunity for Muslim business is worth exploring. The rapid urbanization and the growth of population have boosted the demand for domestic markets and the consumption purchasing powers of the middle class. The fitness equipments are now not only used for losing weight and muscle training anymore because people start to using them as a purpose of pursuing more leisure and entertainments. Besides, they are also aware of healthy issues and the aging society. That is the reason why doing exercises by fitness equipments can provide both physical and mental relaxation. Additionally, it also has become a trend of the leisure of a life style. This study firstly analyzes the present status and future prospects of fitness equipment industry in global, Taiwan and Indonesia so as to provide the enterprisers with an insight to Muslim culture, consumption behavior, market size, the direction of future development, and management strategy of fitness equipments. Besides, it aims to help enterpriser to make right decision when they enter Muslim markets. Then, it analyzes Taiwanese fitness equipment industries from the viewpoint of SWOT and Five Force Framework analysis. It also indicates the current difficulties of Taiwan Fitness equipment industries. Finally, it proposes the future trend of fitness equipment by the Red Ocean and Blue Ocean Strategy. The findings in this study shows that Muslim markets have greatly influenced by Islam culture. The trend of the leisure of a life style for fitness equipment is become more and more popular in Indonesia. Furthermore, this study also indicates the strength of fitness equipment industries in Taiwan and proposes the possible strategies for Taiwanese enterprises of how to enter Muslim markets. The four suggestions are proposed by the end of this study. First, it is necessary to propaganda the household market because the sports population of Muslim women is increasing. Second, it is important to meet the different needs of commercial and household markets. Third, the most effective way to promote excellent Taiwanese products is using of word of mouth. Finally, the fastest way to create a sales channel in Muslim markets is to cooperate with the domestic distributers.[[tableofcontents]]目錄 致謝詞……………………………………………………………………………… Ⅰ 中文摘要…………………………………………………………………………… Ⅱ 英文摘要…………………………………………………………………………… Ⅳ 目錄………………………………………………………………………………… Ⅵ 圖目錄……………………………………………………………………………… Ⅷ 表目錄……………………………………………………………………………… Ⅸ 第一章 緒論………………………………………………………………………… 1 第一節 研究背景……………………………………………………………… 1 第二節 研究動機……………………………………………………………… 5 第三節 研究目的……………………………………………………………… 6 第四節 研究流程……………………………………………………………… 7 第二章 文獻探討…………………………………………………………………… 8 第一節 SWOT分析…………………………………………………………… 8 第二節 五力分析………………………………………………………………11 第三節 紅海策略………………………………………………………………17 第四節 藍海策略………………………………………………………………23 第五節 國際企業策略…………………………………………………………34 第六節 進入策略………………………………………………………………41 第三章 穆斯林市場…………………………………………………………………46 第一節 伊斯蘭文化對穆斯林市場之影響……………………………………46 第二節 穆斯林市場現況………………………………………………………50 第三節 穆斯林市場的未來發展………………………………………………56 第四章 健身器材產業………………………………………………………………61 第一節 全球健身器材產業概況與分析………………………………………61 第二節 台灣健身器材產業現況與分析………………………………………75 第三節 印尼健身器材產業現況與分析………………………………………80 第五章 台灣廠商進入穆斯林市場的策略分析………………………………… 88 第一節 台灣健身器材產業現況分析…………………………………………88 第二節 台灣廠商進入穆斯林市場的現況及困難…………………………101 第三節 台灣廠商進入穆斯林市場的策略…………………………………104 第六章 結論與建議……………………………………………………………108 第一節 結論…………………………………………………………………108 第二節 建議…………………………………………………………………111 第三節 後續研究建議……………………………………………………… 113 參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………114 中文部份………………………………………………………………………114 英文部份………………………………………………………………………117 圖目錄 圖1-1 研究流程……………………………………………………………………….7 圖2-1 Porter 五力分析結構模型……………………………………………………12 圖2-2 S-C-P基本架構………………………………………………………………..19 圖2-3 價值創新 …………………………………………………………………… 25 圖2-4 四項行動架構………………………………………………………………...27 圖2-5 追求競爭力…………………………………………………………………...28 圖2-6 國際策略的形態……………………………………………………………...35 圖2-7環境整合與差異回應壓力架構……………………………………………...39 圖3-1 穆斯林和非穆斯林人口成長率比較 ……………………………………… 56 圖3-2 穆斯林人口占世界人口比例1990-2030年………………………………… 57 圖3-3 穆斯林國家各年齡層人口比率1990-2030 年……………………………...59 圖4-1 2000~2005 年全球健身器材市場規模………………………………………65 圖4-2 2005年全球健身器材產品比例………………………………………………66 圖4-3 1997~2004 年我國一般體能設備進出口統計………………………………75 圖4-4 印尼家用者與商用者人口基本資料………………………………………...81 圖4-5 印尼家用者與商用者使用原因……………………………………………...82 圖4-6 印尼家用者與商用者資訊來源……………………………………………...83 表目錄 表1-1 印尼人口年齡結構表…………………………………………………………3 表2-1 SWOT 分析表…………………………………………………………………8 表2-2 SWOT 矩陣策略分析表………………………………………………………9 表2-3 Porter 之一般競爭策略………………………………………………………21 表2-4 Peteraf 與Bergen 競爭者定位分析圖……………………………………… 30 表2-5 建立核心競爭力課題 ……………………………………………………… 32 表2-6 Bartlett and Ghoshal 的國際企業策略比較………………………………… 37 表2-7 進入策略模式……………………………………………………………….. 41 表3-1 穆斯林人口在全球各區域分布資料 ………………………………………50 表3-2 穆斯林人口在亞洲各國分布情形 …………………………………………51 表3-3 區域別穆斯林人口成長預估 ……………………………………………… 57 表4- 1 常見之健身器材產品分類 …………………………………………………61 表4-2 健身器材分類等級…………………………………………………………...62 表4-3 健身器材之產品特性 ……………………………………………………… 63 表4-4 世界前十大健身器材公司銷售分析 ……………………………………… 67 表4-5 2005年全球健身器材銷售分布………………………………………………69 表4-6 健身器材通路型態及品牌 ………………………………………………… 70 表4-7 2001~2004 年我國一般體能運十大出口廠商排名及出口值………………76 表4-8 台灣健身器材產業特性 …………………………………………………… 79 表4-9 印尼家用者與商用者使用品項……………………………………………...81 表5-1 台灣對主要穆斯林國家出口金額統計 ………………………………… 101 表5-2 台灣廠商進入穆斯林市場的SWOT分析 ………………………………104[[note]]學號: 702520197, 學年度: 10

Regulation of CLC-1 chloride channel biosynthesis by FKBP8 and Hsp90 beta

Mutations in human CLC-1 chloride channel are associated with the skeletal muscle disorder myotonia congenita. The disease-causing mutant A531V manifests enhanced proteasomal degradation of CLC-1. We recently found that CLC-1 degradation is mediated by cullin 4 ubiquitin ligase complex. It is currently unclear how quality control and protein degradation systems coordinate with each other to process the biosynthesis of CLC-1. Herein we aim to ascertain the molecular nature of the protein quality control system for CLC-1. We identified three CLC-1-interacting proteins that are well-known heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90)-associated co-chaperones: FK506-binding protein 8 (FKBP8), activator of Hsp90 ATPase homolog 1 (Aha1), and Hsp70/Hsp90 organizing protein (HOP). These co-chaperones promote both the protein level and the functional expression of CLC-1 wild-type and A531V mutant. CLC-1 biosynthesis is also facilitated by the molecular chaperones Hsc70 and Hsp90 beta. The protein stability of CLC-1 is notably increased by FKBP8 and the Hsp90 beta inhibitor 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG) that substantially suppresses cullin 4 expression. We further confirmed that cullin 4 may interact with Hsp90 beta and FKBP8. Our data are consistent with the idea that FKBP8 and Hsp90 beta play an essential role in the late phase of CLC-1 quality control by dynamically coordinating protein folding and degradation

Extrauterine Pelvic Arteriovenous Malformation Mimicking the Clinical Presentation of Structural Heart Disease

A case is reported of an extrauterine pelvic arteriovenous malformation involving branches of the internal iliac arteries. Cardiomegaly and a rough cardiac murmur were the clinical presentations mimicking a structural heart disease. A continuous bruit could only be detected by the diaphragm of the stethoscope applied firmly to the left lower abdomen. Multiple blood samplings from inferior vena cava, and iliac and femoral veins for determination of oxygen saturation may be necessary for suspected cases. However, selective arteriography remains the best method for diagnosing the presence, extent, and multiplicity of the lesions before surgery or percutaneous arterial embolization

[[alternative]]Education at the Tribe University--Case Study on Pingtung Aboriginal Tribe University

[[abstract]]　　臺灣原住民族近百年來，歷經了清朝、日本、及國民政府，流失許多傳統文化。原住民族社會面對母體文化、社群關係及自然環境之疏離，使部落社會內部瓦解，母語文化之傳承及部落社區之發展面臨危機與挑戰。如何建立具有部落文化內涵與現代知能的原住民社區，推動社區文化與教育發展等，為頗具意義之議題。　　　長久以來，政府對於原住民投注整體建設之財力資源，如道路橋樑、學校設施、電燈與自來水、農業指導與各類貸款及就學補助等。但政府施政則以漢族文化觀點為主，忽略少數民族的問題，處理方式及態度有些偏頗。許多原本善意關懷措施，因未深入瞭解原住民社會文化本質及需求，無法真正解決問題。因此，如何落實原住民部落成人教育，讓原住民獲有終身學習機會，乃是挽救原住民文化重要之措施。　　　台灣原住民族邊陲化日益嚴重。加上時代快速變遷，原住民生活及思考模式無法跟上時代，造成許多社會適應問題，如何在保有原有文化前題下，解決原住民族面臨問題，提高民族及文化品質，成了目前最重要的課題之一。而要徹底解決台灣原住民族種種問題，非由教育著手不可。　　　社區大學是新興趨勢，諸如老人社區大學、文山社區大學----等，正在各地萌芽，並逐日蔚為風潮，它的課程設計切合台灣社會需要，由民間結合政府聯手推展，其深層意義為解放知識及催生公民社會。　　　屏東縣原住民部落大學（Pingtung Aburiginal Tribe University）正是在此因素下產生。而屏東縣原住民部落大學有別於一般社區大學主軸議題，除希望針對原住民成年人提供適時之再教育及再學習，以塑造公民素養及改造社區外，主要強調文化傳承、部落人才培育及產業技藝（經濟面）面向的學習。屏東縣原住民部落大學扮演著部落在地學習需求的推手，希冀藉其在地力量來推動屬於自己部落的學習機制，以提昇原住民競爭力!　　　屏東縣原住民部落大學除以母語文化傳承為主要課程外，未來發展亦注重部落研究，充實部落文化內涵，並結合現代知識技能，發展部落，提昇生活品質及競爭力。本研究探討屏東縣原住民部落大學之經營管理，包括屏東縣原住民部落大學之發展、課程規劃、師資、設備、政府及社區之互動、學習成效及招生企劃等，並希望經過研究，提出建議，能供政府、相關教育單位、民間企業團體及非營利組織參考。[[abstract]]　　Since the Ching Dynasty, Japanese colonization and the National Government ruling in the past hundred years, Taiwan’s aboriginals have lost many traditions and culture. With the deviation from its original culture, social relations, and natural environment, the tribal society is facing internal break-ups. The continuance of tribe’s original culture and community development are also facing crises and challenges. Therefore, how to establish an aboriginal community with tribal culture content and modern knowledge, as well as promote community cultural and educational development , is a meaningful issue.　　　For a long time, our government has invested financially in the overall aboriginal construction, such as bridges and roads, school facilities, lights and tap water, agricultural guidance and various kinds of loans and schooling subsidies. However, the government’s administration tends to see everything from the Chinese cultural point of view and ignores the minority’s problems, which often results in the biased treatment and attitude. Many measures were meant to be friendly and caring.But due to the lack of deeper understanding of the aboriginal society, cultural essence and needs, aboriginal problems often were not solved. Hence, how to consolidate the aboriginal tribe adult education and let the aboriginals have the opportunity to enjoy lifelong learning experience should be the first priority to save the aboriginal culture.　　　Taiwan’s aboriginals are being marginalized. The rapidly changing times are beyond the aboriginal living and thinking mode. As a result, many adaptive problems are surfacing. It is important to solve the problems the aboriginals are facing, enhance our national and cultural content while at the same time keeping their original culture.　　　Community University, such as the elderly community university and Wen Shan Community University, is a new trend emerging everywhere and is becoming prevalent. Its curriculum design meets the need of the Taiwan society. Promoted by the public and the government, it also conveys a deeper meaning of liberalizing knowledge and catalyzing the civil society.　　　Pingtung Aboriginal Tribe University(PATU) was established under this circumstance. However, PATU is also different from regular community universities in its theme. Besides offering aboriginal adults re-education and re-learning opportunities whenever appropriate to shape their civil elements and transform the community, PATU also emphasizes cultural continuance, tribal talent cultivation and industrial and skillful learning (economy). PATU plays an important role in pushing forward local tribal learning with the hope to establish a tribe-unique learning mechanism through local efforts and enhance the aboriginal competitiveness.　　　PATU focuses its curriculum on the aboriginal linguistic and cultural continuance. Its future development will include tribal research in order to enrich tribes with cultural content and combine modern knowledge and skills to develop tribes and enhance the living quality and competitiveness.This research explored the management of PATU, including its development, curriculum design,teaching staff, facility, interaction between the government and the community learning efficacy and recruiting plan. We also hope that our suggestions based on research results can serve as a reference for our government, related education authorities and civil business groups and non-profit organizations

人文社會學院社會工作學系

[[abstract]]社會資本觀點、社會支持網絡、社區家庭暴力防治培力、大專生洄游 社區紮根計