Perfection of Some China Antidumping Substantive Law System

本文主要探讨了中国反倾销实体法律有关制度的不足与缺陷，并通过对其他国家反倾销实体法律制度的分析研究，提出完善的建议。文章包括前言、正文和结语三个部分，正文分为五章。第一章主要介绍了中国反倾销法律体系建立的历史背景；着重介绍中国现阶段以《中华人民共和国对外贸易法》为基本法，以《中华人民共和国反倾销条例》为主要规则，并包括《国家经济贸易委员会产业损害听证规则》等部门规章在内的较完备的反倾销法律制度体系；同时归纳了中国反倾销实体法律制度的特点。第二章对WTO及欧美国家反倾销法中有关“正常价值”的规定进行考察，通过比较分析发现，我国确定“正常价值”的方法有一定的缺陷，进而提出完善的建议。第三章指出确定...Our New Antidumping Substantive Law System has some shortage and defects. By introduction and analysis of other country’s antidumping Substantive Law System, we try to table a proposal. This thesis discusses the establish of China Antidumping Law System, perfecting the definition of “Normal Value”, confirming the “Injure” and Causal Relationship between Dumping and Injure, at last, the thesis i...学位：法律硕士院系专业：法学院法律系_法律硕士(JM)学号：20020817

碳纳米管填充和润湿的密度泛函研究

本文采用第一原理方法中的局域密度泛函理论,以碳、硫、硒为例,研究了这些原子在碳纳米管的填充和润湿。研究结果表明对填充和润湿,碳纳米管的管径有影响, 而长度在超过3.6埃后几乎无影响。这些结论基本符合已知的实验事实,因此对碳纳米管的未来应用有一定的参考价值

The Scale Effect of Surface Tension and Tolman Length

介绍了表面张力的尺度效应、托尔曼长度、分子动力学和密度泛函方法.由于文献中所得结论有一定的分歧,所以表面张力尺度效应的研究有理论和实践意义

面向对象程序设计的教学研究

本文深入分析了该课程在教学中存在的问题和不足,从教学内容、教学方法、实验环节、考试改革等方面提出了一些新的课程改进方案,增强了学生的实际编程能力,取得了良好的教学效果。郑州轻工业学院博士基金项目(编号:2008BSJJ012);郑州轻工业学院第八批教学改革成果获奖项目(项目序号:17

Characteristics and Sources of PM_(10)-bound PAHs During Haze Period in Winter-Spring of Xiamen

采集了厦门市冬春季(2008-12-04~2009-03-20)湖里工业区和大嶝岛旅游区大气PM10样品,用gC-MS定量了PM10负载的19种多环芳烃(PAHS),并结合采样期间气象资料对灰霾期和非灰霾期多环芳烃的差异特征进行对比分析.结果表明,冬春季采样期内,厦门市大气PM10中PAHS的浓度变化范围为12.93~79.27 ng.M-3,平均42.28 ng.M-3,比2004年冬季增长近3倍.灰霾期间PM10中PAHS总的质量浓度明显高于非灰霾期,并且灰霾期间低分子量组分菲、荧蒽和芘的质量分数显著下降,高分子量组分苯并[b]荧蒽、苯并[k]荧、苯并[A]芘、苝、茚并[1,2,3-Cd]芘、苯并[gHI]苝和晕苯的质量分数相对升高.采用特征化合物比值、主成分分析与多元线性回归对来源与贡献率进行了分析和估算.灰霾期间识别出3类污染源:机动车尾气排放+天然气燃烧、煤燃烧和焦炉排放,其贡献率分别为62.7%、28.1%和9.2%;非灰霾期间同样识别出这3类污染源,其贡献率分别为48.6%、36.9%和14.5%.表明厦门市冬春季灰霾期间PM10中PAHS受本地源排放影响相对较多,非灰霾期间受北方燃煤长距离传输影响更显著.PM10 samples were collected at Huli(industrial zone) and Dadeng Island in Xiamen from December 2008 to March 2009.Nineteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) during haze and non-haze periods were determined by GC/MS.Combined with the meteorological data,the differences of chemical composition and source of PAHs were compared.During sampling periods,the concentrations of PM10-bound PAHs ranged from 12.93 to 79.27 ng·m-3 with the average of 42.28 ng·m-3,which were almost three times higher than those in the winter of 2004.PAHs concentrations were much higher during the haze periods than those in the non-haze periods.Meanwhile,during the haze periods the percentages of lower molecular weight PAHs such as Phe,Fluo and Pyr decreased significantly,on the contrary,individual components of BbF,BkF,BaP,Per,Icdp,BghiP and COR were more abundant.The main sources of PAHs were estimated by the Principal Component Analysis method and the contributions of various pollution sources to PAHs were calculated by the Multiple Linear Regression method.Results showed that the main pollutant sources of PM10-bound PAHs in winter-spring of Xiamen during the haze period were vehicle emission plus natural gas,coal combustion and coke oven,their contribution rates were 62.7%,28.1% and 9.2%,respectively.During non-haze periods,the main pollutant sources identified were the same and the contribution rates were 48.6%,36.9% and 14.5%,respectively.In winter-spring of Xiamen,PM10-bound PAHs were more influenced by local emission sources during the haze periods;coal combustion emissions in north China had a big contribution to PAHs during the non-haze periods.环保公益项目(201009004);厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20093013

Effect of Surfactant on the Volatilization of Organochlorine Pesticides from Still Artificial Seawater

[摘要]：研究了阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠( SDBS) 对17 种有机氯农药(OCPs) 在模拟静海水水面挥发的影响及机制. 结 果表明, 低浓度SDBS的存在能抑制OCPs 的挥发, 抑制能力有随SDBS 浓度增加而增加的趋势, 且经盐常数校正后的气2水分配 系数与挥发速率常数在对数散点图上存在很好的正相关关系. OCPs 化合物挥发阻力分析表明, 低浓度SDBS 形成的表面膜不 会对OCPs 的挥发阻力产生直接影响, 但却增加了大气中OCPs 化合物在液面的沉降, 造成净挥发量减少, 且挥发性相对较强的 化合物受表面活性膜的影响更大.[ABstract]:The effect of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate ( SDBS) on the volatilization of 17 organochlorine pesticides ( OCPs) from still artificial seawater has been examined. The results show that SDBS at low concentration can retard the volatilization of OCPs compared to / clean0 surface. The retarding influence ismore pronounced for high level of SDBS than it is for low level of SDBS. A good positive correlation between the gas2seawater partition coefficients and the measured volatilization rates of OCPs is observed. Although the SDBS films present no significant, direct resistance to transfer, the films can absorb more OCPs from the above atmosphere with respect to the / clean0 surface and reduce the net volatilization flux from the still artificial seawater. The effect of the film is more pronounced for volatilization of more volatile OCPs than it is for less volatile OCPs.国家自然科学基金项目( 40603020) ; 中国博士后科学基金 项目(20060390186

P ollution of an ion ic surfactan t and PCB in coasta l surfa ce seawa ter of Fujian Lprovince

[摘要]：用亚甲蓝分光光度法和GC2ECD 法分别对福建近岸表层海水中的阴离子表面活性剂和PCBs进行了分析, 初步探 讨了表层海水中这两类污染物的来源。表层海水中阴离子表面活性剂浓度范围为0. 04~ 1. 987 mg/L, 较高浓度值站点主要 位于九龙江口、闽江口和湄洲湾海域。PCBs的浓度在3. 9 ~ 367. 1 ng/L之间, 整体上近岸站点浓度值比离岸站点高, 中北部 浓度值比南部高。与其他地区的研究结果及海水水质标准进行比较, 福建沿海表层海水中阴离子表面活性剂和PCB的污染 都较为严重。[Abstract]:The an ion ic surfactant and PCB in the coasta l su rface seawater of Fu jian p rovin ce were analyzed bymethylene blue sp ectro2 photometricmethod andGC2ECD, respectively. Th e concen trations ofmethylene b lu e act ive substan ce (MBAS) in th e surface seawater ranged from 0. 04 to 1. 987mg /L with the h ighest value found at the p ipe ou tlet near X iamen Un iversity. The elevated concentrat ions ofMBASwere observed in J iu long jiang, M in jiang Estuary andMeizhou Bay, poss ib ly du e to the d ischarge of sewage. Th e concentrat ions of totalPCBs ( d issolved p lu s particu late phase) ranged from 3. 9 to 367. 1 ng/L in th e surface L seawater and increased concentrat ions were ob served from offsh ore to inshore and from sou th to north. Th e pollut ion of an ion ic surfactan ts and PCBs in the coastal su rface sea2 water of Fu j ian P rovin ce is a seriou s prob lem comparingw ith other values reported andU S and Canada seawater2qu ality criteria.中国博士后科学基金( 20060390186); 国家自然科学基金项目( 40603020

钒酸钙碳化铵化制备钒产品应用基础研究

本文针对钒渣亚熔盐法钒铬共提清洁生产工艺中间产品钒酸钠的后续产品转化问题，重点开展了钒酸钙碳化铵化与偏钒酸铵结晶分离研究，可在获得合格钒产品的同时实现碱金属离子的再生循环。系统开展了钒酸钙碳化铵化反应规律、碳酸氢铵热分解规律、偏钒酸铵结晶热力学及结晶工艺的研究，在此基础上开发了钒酸钙低温碳化铵化-高温溶钒-钒酸铵冷却结晶工艺，并完成扩大试验，为万吨级钒渣亚熔盐法钒铬共提清洁生产示范工程的实施提供了坚实的理论和技术支撑。论文取得的创新性成果如下：（1）获得了各工艺参数对钒酸钙碳化铵化反应的影响规律。查明了CO2气体、反应温度、液固比、铵钒摩尔比、反应时间等因素对钒酸钙碳化铵化反应的影响，发现提高温度、增大液固比、为反应体系提供充足的碳源有利于提高钒转化率，并获得优化的反应条件，在此条件下钒转化率达97.35%。（2）测定了NH4+//VO3-,CO32-,HCO3--H2O体系溶解度相图，建立了偏钒酸铵冷却结晶分离方法。查明碳酸氢铵浓度、搅拌转速、降温速率、晶种添加量等条件对偏钒酸铵结晶的影响，发现较低碳酸氢铵浓度、适宜的搅拌转速、降温速率并适量添加晶种条件下有利于提高偏钒酸铵结晶率，获得偏钒酸铵冷却结晶优化参数，在此条件下最高结晶率可达84.2%。测定了偏钒酸铵结晶介稳区，通过加入碳酸氢铵进行盐析，可大幅度提高结晶率。（3）查明碳酸氢铵的热分解规律，发现在温度40℃-70℃，碳酸氢铵浓度10 g/L-100g/L的条件区间内，碳酸氢铵会分解产生氨气，影响操作环境。设计开发了钒酸钙低温铵化转化-高温溶钒-冷却结晶工艺路线，以控制铵分解。在35℃，液固比10:1，铵钒摩尔比3.0，反应后渣中钒含量可达1%以下。设计了两级反应-逆流浸出工艺，并进行初步循环实验，得到钒含量在1-2%之间的固相碳酸钙，浸出液结晶率达到68.2%。对碳化铵化全流程进行了扩大试验，工艺物料全部循环回用，最终得到纯度达98.5%的五氧化二钒产品，全过程无废水排放，表明工艺设计合理可行。</p

Derivation of the Kelvin Equation

从液滴平衡条件推导出严格意义的Kelvin方程,验证了其在宏观尺度可以转化为经典形式.利用Tolman方程,在考虑表面张力与曲率半径关系的条件下,给出在液体压缩性可忽略时,饱和蒸气压、蒸气密度、蒸气摩尔体积和曲率半径等关系;液体压缩性不可忽略时,得出以等温压缩系数和Tolman长度表示的饱和蒸气压与液滴半径的关系