The Axin/TNKS complex interacts with KIF3A and is required for insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation

胰岛素刺激机体对葡萄糖的吸收，主要由葡萄糖转运蛋白GLUT4介导，对机体的糖代谢平衡起着至关重要的作用，这个过程被扰乱，会导致糖尿病。但是，这个信号途径的分子组分和调节机制还很不清楚。在本文，我们阐明了Axin与多聚核糖化酶TNKS以及动力蛋白KIF3A相互作用，形成一个三元复合体，对胰岛素应答的GLUT4转运有重要作用。特异性敲低复合体各个组分的表达，减少胰岛素刺激下GLUT4向细胞膜上的转移。重要的是，TNKS2-/-小鼠的胰岛素敏感性降低，饥饿再喂食后的血糖浓度比野生型小鼠相对高。机制方面，我们发现，无胰岛素时，Axin，TNKS和KIF3A与GLUT4在高尔基体的反面膜囊有共定位。胰岛...Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by the glucose transporter GLUT4 plays a central role in whole-body glucose homeostasis, dysregulation of which leads to type 2 diabetes. However, the molecular components and mechanisms regulating insulin-stimulated glucose uptake remain largely unclear. Here, we demonstrate that Axin interacts with the poly ADP-ribosylase TNKS and the kinesin motor protein KIF3A...学位：理学博士院系专业：生命科学学院生物医学科学系_生物化学与分子生物学学号：2172008015041

AICAR prevents HFD-promoted hepatosteatosis and inhibits liver tumorigenesis

肝细胞癌的发展与进程与代谢综合症紧密相关。其中，代谢综合症包括肝脏的脂肪变性与肥胖。腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶（AMPK）是细胞内主要的能量感应器，在营养刺激下，可以通过抑制合成代谢和促进分解代谢调节细胞的代谢平衡。因此，AMPK的激动剂可以被视为潜在的治疗药物治疗脂肪肝和肝癌。在这，我们通过化学药物和高脂饲料诱导小鼠肝细胞癌，并给小鼠注射AICAR。我们发现，AICAR可以抑制肝脏的脂肪合成以及白细胞介素-6（IL-6）的产生，抑制肝脏的脂肪变性，最终减少肝脏的肿瘤发生。AICAR还可以抑制IL-6的炎症信号通路及其下游的STAT3的磷酸化激活。但是，短期的AICAR用药，对小鼠晚期肝癌的生长没有明...The development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are closely associated with metabolic syndrome, including steatosis and obesity. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a master sensor of energy, regulates metabolic homeostasis by suppressing anabolism and accelerating catabolism in response to nutritional stress. AMPK agonists could therefore be considered as potential therapeutic ...学位：博士后院系专业：生命科学学院_生物学学号：201217004

枇杷花黄酮提取液缓解小鼠肠道运动障碍的作用

以枇杷(Eriobotryajaponica Lindl.)花黄酮提取液(EjFF)为受试物,采用复方地芬诺酯建立小鼠便秘模型,通过小鼠小肠推进实验和排便实验,评估其对小鼠的首粒排便时间、5h内排便粒数和排便量、小肠墨汁推进率以及小鼠结肠突触素(SY)含量的影响.结果显示:EjFF不影响小鼠体质量,但能显著缩短小鼠排便时间,增加5h内排便粒数和排便量,提高小肠墨汁推进率,并提高小鼠结肠SY含量(p<0.05).上述结果表明EjFF可以有效缓解小肠运动障碍.福建省农业科学院青年英才计划(C2017-04);;\n农业部物种品种资源保护(热带作物)项目(151721301354051701);;\n国家农作物种质资源共享服务平台项目(NICGR2018-054

枇杷花黄酮提取液缓解小鼠肠道运动障碍的作用

植物源功效成分具有多种生物活性且副作用小,日益成为缓解肠道运动障碍研究的热点。以枇杷花黄酮提取液为受试物,采用复方地芬诺酯建立小鼠便秘模型,通过小鼠小肠推进实验和排便实验,评估小鼠的首次排便时间、5 h内排便粒数、排便量、小肠墨汁推进率以及对小鼠结肠突触素(SY)的影响。结果显示:枇杷花黄酮提取液不影响试验小鼠体重正常发育。与模型组相比,枇杷花黄酮提取液能显著缩短小鼠排便时间(P<0.05),增加排便粒数(P<0.05)和排便重量(P<0.05),提高小肠墨汁推进率(P<0.05,P<0.01),并提高小鼠结肠SY含量(P<0.05)。上述结果表明枇杷花黄酮提取液可以有效缓解小肠运动障碍,为后续枇杷花的功能化开发利用提供参考。福建省农业科学院青年英才计划(C2017-04);;农业部物种品种资源保护(热带作物)项目(151721301354051701);;国家农作物种质资源共享服务平台(NICGR2018-054

第十八届美国理论与应用力学大会总结

1会议概况2018年6月5—9日,第18届美国理论与应用力学大会(18th U.S. National Congress of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, USNCTAM2018)在美国芝加哥召开.本次大会由美国力学国家委员会和中国力学学会联合主办,旨在探讨和交流近四年世界范围内在理论和应用力学领域的基础研究、创新技术的最新进展,吸引了来自世界各地的近千名专家学

The Lysosomal v-ATPase-Ragulator Complex Is a Common Activator for AMPK and mTORC1, Acting as a Switch between Catabolism and Anabolism

林圣彩教授课题组长期致力于细胞信号转导的研究。近年来，该课题组潜心研究，不断攻关，取得了一系列重大成果，如揭示细胞如何应对生长因子缺乏的内在机理，发现了细胞自噬“路线图”、还发现了细胞如何感应“饥饿”信号AMP的信号传导通路等。其中，“发现细胞自噬‘路线图’”成果曾登上《科学》杂志，并入选2012年度“中国科学十大进展”。AMPK and mTOR play principal roles in governing metabolic programs; however, mechanisms underlying the coordination of the two inversely regulated kinases remain unclear. In this study we found, most surprisingly, that the late endosomal/lysosomal protein complex v-ATPase-Ragulator, essential for activation of mTORC1, is also required for AMPK activation. We also uncovered that AMPK is a residential protein of late endosome/lysosome. Under glucose starvation, the v-ATPase-Ragulator complex is accessible to AXIN/LKB1 for AMPK activation. Concurrently, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity of Ragulator toward RAG is inhibited by AXIN, causing dissociation from endosome and inactivation of mTORC1. We have thus revealed that the v-ATPase-Ragulator complex is also an initiating sensor for energy stress and meanwhile serves as an endosomal docking site for LKB1-mediated AMPK activation by forming the v-ATPase-Ragulator-AXIN/LKB1-AMPK complex, thereby providing a switch between catabolism and anabolism. Our current study also emphasizes a general role of late endosome/lysosome in controlling metabolic programs

Saussure's notion of the arbitrary nature of the sign, with special reference to orthography

published_or_final_versionEnglish StudiesMasterMaster of Art

Studies on High Productivity Techchniques of Sweet Persimmon

Sweet persimmon is the most important commercial fruit crop of Taiwan according to high return. The development potential for sweet persimmon in Taiwan is limited due to their incompatibility with rootstock, lacking in leaf nutrient standard, no information about crop load, serious physiological disorder, and high perishability. Our objective is to make appropriate selection from different lines for rootstock, to establish optimum leaf nutrient status and levels of crop loading, to decrease physiological disorder in fruit by cultivation practices, and to improve postharvest handling technology. Furthermore, the management program for stable yield, high quality and storability is obtained.甜柿是台灣地區高經濟的果樹之一，單位面積收益頗高，但仍有樹勢因嫁接不親和而提早老化、肥培管理沒有依據準則、疏果標準未確立、生理障礙嚴重及不耐貯運等問題，本計劃擬自篩選適合砧木品種、建立葉片營養標準及結果密度、降低裂萼發生之道及改善處理作業，冀以獲豐產、優質及貯運力佳等經營流程

不同的第二任务在心理负荷测量中敏感性的比较

这是一项关于操作人员的心理负荷测量的实验研究.目的是为了确定哪一种第二任务的方法对测量心理负荷更灵敏.实验以追踪活动为第一任务,以心算、回忆随机数、对偶联想为第二任务.用第二任务操作水平的变化来测定不同难度的第一任务.结果表明,心算比回忆随机数、对偶联想更灵敏.</p

Studies on High Productivity Techniques of Persimmon

Sweet persimmon is the most important commercial fruit crop of Taiwan according to high return. The development potential for sweet persimmon in Taiwan is limited due totheir incompatibility with rootstock, lacking in leaf nutrient standard, no information about crop load, serious physiological disorder, and high perishability. Our objective is to make appropriate selection from different lines for rootstock, to establish optimum leaf nutrient status and levels of crop loading, to decrease hysiological disorder in fruit by cultivation practices, and to improve postharvest handling technology. Furthermore, the management program for stable yield, high quality and storability is obtained.Taiwan's dried persimmon processing which is mainly distributed in Miaoli, Hsinchu and Chiayi region, but Chiayi has the best source of dried persimmon processingcompare to Miaoli and Hsinchu , Although there is slight different in processing technology in different county, there is no obvious difference in the quality of the driedpersimmon. The collection of the dried persimmon is currently and in progress, and the grafts appraisal screening method, the seasonal survival rate, and the feasibility of the cultivars for development of dried persimmon, to enhance the quality of the persimmonorchardist dried persimmon is our ultimate objective.improvement of the persimmon orchardist dried persimmon quality as the ultimate objective.甜柿是台灣地區高經濟的果樹之一，單位面積收益頗高，但仍有樹勢因嫁接不親和而提早老化、肥培管理沒有依據準則、疏果標準未確立、生理障礙嚴重及不耐貯運等問題，本計劃擬自篩選適合砧木品種、建立葉片營養標準及結果密度、降低裂萼發生之道及改善處理作業，冀以獲豐產、優質及貯運力佳等經營流程。台灣地區柿餅加工主要分布於苗栗、新竹及嘉義縣等地，而苗栗、新竹地區柿餅加工貨源主要為嘉義縣供給，在不同地區之加工技術雖有部份之差異性，但在柿餅的品質差異化並不明顯。本計畫進行相關之柿餅種原收集，並用嫁接方法篩選及季節成活率之評估，以品種開發柿餅之可行性，對提高柿農柿餅品質之改善為最終目標