西北地区少数民族社区文化发展与创新

在建设社会主义和谐社会中,少数民族社区文化对于区域社会经济发展起到了重要作用。本文以西北地区少数民族社区文化变迁为研究对象,分析西北地区少数民族社区文化发生变迁的因素,阐述了西北地区少数民族社区文化建设与创新应注意的原则,提出了我国西北地区少数民族社区文化建设创新思路,旨在推动少数民族社区文化建设与创新

Treatment and Reuse of the Wastewater of Bean Products with the Phytosynthetic Bacteria and Spirulina maxima

应用光合细菌将黄泔水中的有机物降解转化为无机氮磷后养殖螺旋藻.结果表明，在实验条件下光合细菌对黄泔水COdCr的去除率可达70%，处理后的黄泔水用甲壳质絮凝澄清后加入螺旋藻并曝气进行培养，藻生长周期为22d、生长速率为20~30Mg/l·d.藻体蛋白质含量平均为52.6g/100g（干重），游离氨基酸平均含量为2.41g/100g（干重）A try on the treatment and reuse of the waste water of bean products with the phytosynthetic bacteria(PSB) and S.maxima(SM)was introduced.First the waste water of bean products was treated with PSB to decompositing organic matter,and then chitin was added for precipitating PSB,the last SM was added into the treated waste water for removing organic matter further and reusing nitrogen and phosphorous.The results of an dynamic modled experiment showed that PSB have a high removal efficiency for COD(70%) on the waste water of bean products,and SM cultured in the treated waste waster grow well,the rate of growing is 2030mg dryweight/(Ld),and the content of protein and free amino acid in SM are 52.6g/100g dryweight and 2.41g/100g dryweight respectively

Treatment and reuse of beer wastewater using the system of phytosysthetic bacteria and spirulina maxima

应用PSb将啤酒废水中的有机质降解处理为无机质，用甲壳质絮凝沉降除去PSb后加入螺旋藻进行培养.小型动态模拟实验结果表明PSb和螺旋藻不仅能高效地净化啤酒废水，对COd和nH＋4n的去除率达100%，而且能回收数量可观（781Mg（干重）/（l·d）），营养价值高（蛋白质含量为493g/100g（干重））的螺旋藻，还研究了PH、溶解氧、光照、光合细菌密度等因子对PSb去除废水有机质的影响.A study on the install of phytosysthetic bacteria (PSB) and Spirulina maxima (SM) for beer wastewater treatment and reuse was carried out.The beer wastewater was treated with PSB to decompose organic matter.Chitin was then added for PSB precipitating.Finally,SM was added to remove organic matter and reuse nitrogen and phosphorus.The effects of pH,DO,illumination,the density of PSB and SM etc.on the removal of COD by PSB and on the growth of SM were discussed.The results of a dynamic model experiment showed that the system of PSB SM not only have a high removal efficiency for COD and NH + 4 N (100%),but can also yield a large amount of SM (78.1mg (dry weight)/(L·d)) and protein in SM (49.3mg/100g (dry weight))

新型稠环电子受体的界面修饰对钙钛矿太阳能电池性能的影响

钙钛矿太阳能电池(perovskite solar cells, PSCs)因具有能量转换效率(power conversion efficiency, PCE)高、成本低、易于大面积制造等优点而被科学家们广泛关注.氧化物电子传输层的合理界面设计及修饰对提高器件的PCE和工作长期稳定性有着十分重要的意义.因此,本文采用一种含有烷基噻吩基侧链的稠环电子受体材料3,9-二(2-亚甲基-(3-(1,1-二氰甲烯基)-茚酮))-5,5,11,11-四(5-己基噻吩)-二噻吩并[2,3-d:2′,3′-d′]-s-引达省[1,2-b:5,6-b′]二噻吩(3,9-bis(2-methylene-(3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-indanone))-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(5-hexylthienyl)-dithieno[2,3-d:2′,3′-d′]-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b′]dithiophene, ITIC-Th)修饰TiO2电子传输层,制备高效稳定的平面结PSCs.研究结果显示,ITIC-Th的界面修饰改善了TiO2薄膜的形貌、接触角等性质,促进了钙钛矿晶粒的高质量生长,大幅度减少了器件表界面的电荷复合,明显提升了光生载流子的抽取率和输运效率,使经ITIC-Th界面修饰的PSC的PCE从未经界面修饰的15.43%显著提高到18.91%.与此同时,器件稳定性的研究结果显示,在室温和湿度为30%的条件下,经ITICTh界面修饰的PSC的PCE在放置约1000 h后依然保持原来的90%,明显高于未经界面修饰的PSC.研究结果对PSC光伏性能的提升具有重要的实际应用价值和学术意义.国家自然科学基金(61605164);;\n陕西省重点科技创新团队计划(2016KCT-28);;\n陕西省重点研发计划(2017ZDXM-GY-046);;\n福建省科技厅高校产学合作项目(2016H6023)资

术中自体血回输在骨盆骨折中的应用研究

目的通过分析自体血回输技术在骨盆骨折手术中的应用情况,为自体血回输技术在临床骨科应用的有效性及安全性提供一定参考。方法通过收集2015年2月至2018年2月期间骨盆骨折术中单纯使用自体血回输或异体血输血的患者,对符合纳入标准患者的基本信息、术中出血量、输血量、血常规、ATP酶活性、TNF-α及C3b,并使用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计学分析。结果自体血回输组与异体血输血组均为20例,其中自体血回输组术中出血量为1 127.50 ml,回输自体血量为464.00 ml;异体血输血组术中出血量为745.00 ml,异体血输血量为300.00 ml。术前自体血回输组的血红蛋白及红细胞比容（Hb:112.80 g/L,Hct:32.9%）与异体血输血组（Hb:112.00 g/L,Hct:33.4%）比较差异无统计学意义（Hb:P=0.908,Hct:P=0.510）;输血后2 h及术后第3天两组的血红蛋白及红细胞比容有所下降,但组间比较差异无统计学意义。通过对比自体血回输与异体血输血后发现两组患者在输血后ATP酶活性都有所降低,但是采用自体血回输方法能够抑制ATP酶活性的降低,组间比较发现自体血回输组ATP酶活性明显高于异体血输血组（P=0.002）。输血后两组TNF-α与C3b值都有所升高,输血前后组间比较差异均无统计学意义。结论术中自体血回输可以提高患者红细胞水平,且与异体血回输相比有更高的ATP酶活性,但并不会明显增加机体的炎症反应,是一种值得推广应用的血液管理方法。福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2016J01597);;\n福州市卫生计生科技计划项目(2016-S-wq2);;\n福州市科技计划项目(2017-S-130-5

中国超大城市空气污染和人体健康 (APHH-Beijing) 中英联合研究计划 最终报告

Chinese versio

The Objectification of Dragon Faith: Fishing-boat and the Worship of Dragon in Xiaozuo Town, Southern Fujian

渔船是小鳥人龙崇拜的具象化实体。小鳥人的造船法式和对渔船日常养护,显示出作为实体崇拜物和生产工具统一体的渔船,其内在象征性和外在客体性的互动与耦合是持续不断的。在处于闽南海洋社会的小鳥,龙信仰深深嵌入渔民的生活世界,龙灵(神)、渔船与船主三者是同呼吸、共命运的共同体。在“中心—边缘“的视角下,这种龙崇拜在内涵上区别于传统农耕社会中受到封建王权操控的龙神信仰,是一种具有社会文化类型意义的信仰形态。Fishing-boats are the entities of dragon worship for Xiaozuo people.The fishing-boat's construction methods, daily operations and maintenances reveal that fishing-boats are not only production tools, but also idols of people's worship of dragon.As a production instrument embodies symbolic meanings of the dragon faith, the fishing-boat's internal symbolic character and its external form and structure are intertwined and continuously interact with each other.In Xiaozuo, dragon faiths are deeply rooted in fishermen's everyday life-world.The dragon god in the fishing boat, the fishing-boat itself and the owner are sharing a common fate as an unified community.Seeing from a perspective based on core-periphery, Xiaozuo- a marine society in Southern Fujian and a place where is far from the feudal regime's political centre of authority in history, the dragon faith here differs from the one in the traditional agricultural society in terms of social-cultural type, as it was less manipulated by the feudal monarchy

Inheriting the Fractured: the Dilemma of the Sakizaya's Reconstruction of Ethnic Group and Traditional Culture

撒奇莱雅族正名成功后,族群精英试图通过重构传统来弥合历史断裂,接续丢失的族群文化,聚合松散的部落与族人,重塑族群认同意识。这种族群重建的实践面临的诸多挑战与困难,表面上看是族群内部的意见分歧与利益纷争,实质上折射出部落社会在当代的变迁过程中所遭遇的社会与文化冲击。在文化日益多元与混杂的社会环境中,撒奇莱雅的族群重建面临着传统与现代的断层、接轨和再转化的过程,受到都市化、现代化和个体主义等多重因素的影响,撒奇莱雅族未来的发展难以预知。After the ethnic re-certification succeeded in 2007,the Sakizaya elites are attempting to rebuild the traditions to connect the historical break,continue the lost cultural tradition,unite the divided tribes and clansmen,and generate consciousness of ethnic identity as well. On the surface,the challenges and difficulties that the practice of ethnic reconstruction facing reveals difference in opinion and benefit disputes within the Sakizaya ethnic group. However,in essence it reflects the social and cultural impact that the tribal society is experiencing during the transition from the traditional to the contemporary society. In a jumbly circumstance with multi-cultures,the Sakizaya's practice of reconstruction of the ethnic group is confronted with a process of break,connection and re-convertion between the traditional and the modern. Under the circumstance that people who are living in the tribal society is now deeply influenced by urbanization,modernization and individualism,the Sakizaya's development is faced with an uncertain future.国家社会科学基金重大项目“台湾原住民族群关系研究”(14ZDB113

Managed by Cultural Governance: Japan's Colonial Rule on Taiwanese Aborigines in the Period of 1895-1945

在有关"文化治理"的主流学术话语中,"文化治理"的概念与实践一直被放置于现代国家行政治理的脉络下讨论,忽视了如殖民统治这类特殊的历史经验。在台湾"日据时期",日本殖民者的"理蕃事业",初期以"恩威并济"作为基本施政方针,后续的"理蕃"政策则一直在"威压"与"绥抚"之间游移,至后期转向以"绥抚"为主。在其"绥抚"政策下,文化治理的实践始终贯穿于"藩地"殖民行政的"抚育教化"工作之中。日本殖民政府的文化治理术重视人类学知识的运用,其内在逻辑是通过建立在统治权力之上的文化霸权,对台湾原住民族群施行全方位的同化政策,促使他们的文化发生涵化。这种殖民主义文化治理术的迷惑性与毒害性所造成的后果及其长远影响,值得今天所有追求民主公义与民族自治的人们明辨和深思。In mainstream academic discourses, the concept of cultural governance and its practice have always discussed in the context of modern country＇s administration, while some special historical facts and experiences, such as colonial governance, have been neglected. From the concept and theory of cultural governance, this paper reviews the colonial cultural governmentality and its practice on Taiwanese aborigines during the period of Japanese rule. The Japanese colonial government＇s aborigine policy could be divided into two stages, the earlier stage which was mainly focused on coercion and management of the aborigines, and the later stage which laid emphasis on pacifying them. The practice of cultural governance had run through the colonial administrative work of pacification and indoctrination under the aborigine management policy. The Japanese colonial cultural governmentality values anthropological knowledge in practice. The operation of colonial administration has based on culture hegemony and ruling power, with policy of assimilation that enforced on Taiwanese aborigines. The insidious nature of such cultural goverumentality and the long-term consequence it had caused is still worth of exploration and pondering for those who are pursuing democracy, justice and ethnic autonomy.国家社会科学基金重大项目“台湾原住民族群关系研究”(14ZDB113)；厦门大学研究生田野调查基金(2016GF001)资助

Colonial Contact and Interacting Ethnic Groups: Danshui and Jilong in the Early 17th Century

17世纪西班牙在台湾北部地区殖民活动留下的文件资料显示,当时生活在该地区的南岛语族原住民不同族群具有不同的生活方式、社会及地方组织等族群特征。这些资料清楚地表明,当时北台湾原住民族群的一个突出特点是,他们通过贸易活动与岛内其他地区的原住民建立了密切的联系。西班牙人殖民台湾的历史过程,同时也是这一时期台湾原住民与新的移居者(西班牙人、中国大陆汉人、荷兰人)之间相互认知、冲突、领土控制、共生合作等等互动的过程