A Study of the North China Clan Cemetery Since the Ming Dynasty

关于华北家族的研究，近年来出现很多不同的角度。有些学者认为华北家族的发展状况不如南方地区，这种认识的产生是由于选取了祠堂、祭田、族谱等参照物进行比对，而华北家族的发展并不是以上述要素作为主要衡量目标的。通过本文的梳理和分析，能够看到，在华北家族的发展中，不管明、清、民国哪一时期，家族茔地都占据着相当重要的地位，并贯穿于家族发展的始终。 通过对京、津、冀等地区的族谱相关资料进行梳理，我们发现明清以来的华北家族变迁，与家族墓地的发展是密切相关的。从族谱资料中，我们能很明显地看出家族茔地在华北家族当中的重要地位。华北家族对祖茔地的重视，体现在墓地的选址、布局、管理和祭祀等各方面。墓地的选址，一般从...In recent years,many different perspectives have been showed in the study of the clan in North China. Some scholars believe that the development of the North China clan is inferior to the South China. Most of them choose the ancestral hall,sacrificial fields,and genealogies as indicators for comparison. However,the main measure of the development of the north china clan is not based on the above e...学位：文物与博物馆硕士院系专业：人文学院_文物与博物馆硕士学号：1032013115234

The Research on the Senior Officials Accountability System ——The Comparative Study Basing on Mainland China and Hong Kong

高官问责是近年来在中国内地广泛兴起的一种政治现象和改革趋势。有关高官问责制度理论研究的深入，有助于我们重新认识公共行政的责任诉求，并进一步实现我国政治发展的民主价值。尽管高官问责制度在香港的发生仅早于内地一年，但两者之间并不存在太多必然的联系，而更多的是做为民主政治的欠发达地区，各自在改革诉求与发展困境上面临的相同与相异。 本文选取了比较研究做为主要的分析方法，首先理清了“政府责任——行政问责制度——高官问责制度”三者之间“内涵——实现机制——核心机制”的内在逻辑链条，之后基于对高官问责制度内涵、要素、价值和运行程序等的一般性分析，对中国内地与香港的高官问责制度进行了多视角的比较研究： 在...The senior officials accountability has been a widespread politic phenomena and reform trend in Mainland China in recent years. The in-depth study on this system is helpful for us to re-understand the responsibility of public administration, and realize the democracy value of politics development further. The Principal Officials Accountability System of Hong Kong was only about one year earlier th...学位：管理学博士院系专业：公共事务学院公共管理系_行政管理学号：1312005140285

Performance Evaluation:the Basal Tool of Government Performance Management System

【中文摘要】 绩效管理在本质上是一种关注技术、方法和工具的机制管理,在持续发展的新公共管理运动中,承担着核心机制和重要工具箱的双重使命。绩效评估在绩效管理工具箱中发挥着基础工程、技术核心、运行导向和推动机制等多重价值效应,对于绩效目标、绩效信息、绩效预算、绩效合同和绩效审计等绩效管理工具普遍持续地起着决定、促进或保障的元工具作用

加强公民生态文明意识建设的思考

【中文摘要】 作为人类文明发展史上的新阶段,生态文明的核心理念是人与自然的和谐相处与共同发展,它的持续发展动力源于积极成熟的公民意识。在我国,培养和发展公民生态文明意识已经积累了宝贵的成功经验,同时,也面临着一些困境与难点。通过多种途径构建持续有效的公民意识生成机制,将对我国的生态文明建设产生积极深远的推动作用

突发事件新闻报道的误读及解决路径

突发事件的客观事实信息在经过人工化处理及异时空传播之后,受传播噪音影响,公众主观上会对信息产生误读,导致谣言四起,严重影响社会安定。本文从突发事件新闻报道误读产生的原因分析,谈相应的解决路径。渭南师范学院研究生项目(12YKZ068

Effects of angelica keiskei chalcone on expression of glucose transporter proteins in liver and skeletal muscle cells of type 2 diabetic rats

目的研究明日叶查尔酮对2型糖尿病大鼠肝脏葡萄糖转运体2(gluT2)和骨骼肌葡萄糖转运体4(gluT4)蛋白表达的影响。方法制造2型糖尿病大鼠模型,随机分成高、中、低剂量组和糖尿病对照组,分别每日灌胃给予30、10、5和0Mg/kg bW明日叶查尔酮。各组以高脂饲料喂养4周后,用葡萄糖氧化酶法检测空腹血糖;放射免疫法检测血清胰岛素含量;免疫组化法检测葡萄糖转运体蛋白表达水平。结果经图像分析,高剂量组肝脏和骨骼肌葡萄糖转运体蛋白表达平均光密度值分别为(0.036±0.0030)和(0.063±0.0139),均较糖尿病对照组显著升高(P<0.05)。高剂量组空腹血糖和胰岛素水平分别为(12.3±1.64)MMOl/l和(25.65±3.34)μIu/Ml,均较糖尿病对照组显著性降低(P<0.05)。结论明日叶查尔酮可上调2型糖尿病大鼠肝脏葡萄糖转运体2和骨骼肌葡萄糖转运体4蛋白表达水平,降低空腹血糖和胰岛素水平,改善糖尿病胰岛素抵抗状况。Objective To investigate the effect of angelica keiskei chalcone(AC) on the expression of glucose transporter2(Glut2) in liver and glucose transporter 4(Glut4) in skeletal muscle cells of rats with type2 diabetes.Methods Made type2 diabetic rat models and divided into high、middle、low dose groups and diabetic control group randomly which were given chalcone 30,10,5 and 0mg/kg BW respectively.Four groups were fed with the diet containing high fat.After four weeks,fasting blood glucose was determined by glucose oxidase method.Insulin was assessed by radio-immunity method.The expression levels of Glut2 in liver and Glut4 in skeletal muscle cells were analyzed by immunohistochemistry method.Results After analyzed by Image-Pro Plus on immunohistochemistry pictures,the expression levels of Glut2 in liver and Glut4 in skeletal muscle cells in high group were(0.036±0.0030) and(0.063±0.0139),which were significantly higher than the model control group(P<0.05).The levels of fasting blood glucose and insulin in high dose group were(12.3±1.64)mmol/L and(25.65±3.34) μIU/ml,significantly lower than those of the model control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Angelica keiskei chalcone may increase the expression levels of Glut2 in liver and Glut4 in skeletal muscle cells,decrease fasting blood glucose and insulin of type 2 diabetic rats and improve their insulin resistance condition.山东省卫生厅青年基金(No.QNW001

Genetic diversity of Castanopsis hystrix germplasm resources by ISSR and cluster analysis

利用ISSr分子标记对来自10个不同生态地区的红锥优良种质进行基因组遗传多样性分析.从20条引物中筛选出11条具有扩增多态性的引物用于ISSr-PCr扩增,共扩增出435条带,其中多态性条带325条,占总扩增条带的74.7%,平均每个引物扩增3.95条.ISSr标记分析揭示出红锥10个优良种质的遗传相似系数介于0.473 7--0.808 1之间,平均值为0.728 7.用STATIS统计软件的欧氏可变类平均法构建类型之间的分子系统树,聚类分析结果将10个优良红锥种质分为4个类群.Genetic diversity of fine germplasm resources of Castanopsis hystrix from ten different ecological regions was analyzed by using the inter-simple sequence repeat(ISSR),and 11 effective primers were selected from 20 primers.The result showed as follows: 435 bands were amplified,among which 325 bands were polymorphic,and percentage of polymorphic bands were 74.7 %,an average of approximately 3.95 bands per primer.Genetic similarity indexes of ten germplasms of C.hystrix ranged from 0.473 7 to 0.8081,and the average value was 0.728 7.Static software was used to calculate the Nei's genetic distance and a dendrogram was constructed based on UPGMA cluster analysis.These ten germplasms were divided into 4 major groups,and their genetic relative and the genetic distance were discussed.广西林业科学研究院国家林业局中南速生材繁育重点实验室开放基金课题;兰州理工大学博士基金(SB08200602);甘肃省教育厅研究生导师基金(0703-11

Effects of Angelica Keiskei Chalcone on Insulin Resistance of Skeletal Muscle Cells of Type 2 Diabetic Rats

目的:研究明日叶查尔酮对2型糖尿病大鼠骨骼肌胰岛素抵抗的干预作用。方法:将2型糖尿病大鼠随机分成四组,高、中、低剂量组分别每日经口灌胃给予明日叶查尔酮30、10和5Mg/(kg.bW),糖尿病对照组给予等量生理盐水。各组均以高脂饲料喂养。四周后采用葡萄糖氧化酶法检测空腹血糖;放射免疫法检测血清胰岛素含量;免疫组化法检测葡萄糖转运体1和葡萄糖转运体4蛋白表达水平。结果:经图像分析,高剂量组骨骼肌细胞中葡萄糖转运体1和葡萄糖转运体4蛋白表达平均光密度值分别为0.054±0.0064和0.063±0.0139,均较糖尿病对照组显著性升高(P<0.05)。高剂量组空腹血糖和胰岛素水平分别为(12.3±1.64)MMOl/l和(25.65±3.34)(μIu/Ml),均较糖尿病对照组显著性降低(P<0.05)。结论:明日叶查尔酮可增加2型糖尿病大鼠骨骼肌葡萄糖转运体1和葡萄糖转运体4蛋白表达水平,降低空腹血糖和胰岛素水平,改善胰岛素抵抗状况。Objective: To investigate the effect of angelica keiskei chalcones(AC) on insulin resistance of skeletal muscle cells of type 2 diabetic rats.Methods: Rats with type 2 diabetes were given 30,10,5 mg/(Kg.bw) AC daily by mouth as high,middle and low dose groups respectively.Sailine was given to the diabetic control group by mouth.Four groups were fed with the diet containing high fat.After four weeks,fasting blood glucose was determined by glucose oxidase method.Insulin was assessed by radio-immunity method.The protein expression levels of Glut1 and Glut4 in skeletal muscle cells were analyzed by immunohistochemistry method.Results: After analyzed by Image-Pro Plus on immunohistochemistry pictures,the expression levels of Glut1 and Glut4 in skeletal muscle cells in high group were 0.054±0.0064 and 0.063±0.0139,which were significantly higher than the diabetic control group(P<0.05).The levels of fasting blood glucose and insulin in high dose group were(12.3±1.64) mmol/L and(25.65±3.34) μ IU/ml,significantly lower than those of the diabetic control group(P<0.05).Conclusion: Angelica keiskei Chalcones may increase the expression levels of Glut1 and Glut4 in skeletal muscle cells,decrease fasting blood glucose and insulin of type 2 diabetic rats and improve their insulin resistance condition.TheyouthscienceresearchfoundationofShandongProvince(QNW001)~

Effect of ashitabe chalcones on the mRNA expression of PI3K and Akt in hepatocytes of rats with diabetes

目的研究明日叶查尔酮(ASHITAbE CHAlCOnE,AC)对糖尿病大鼠肝细胞磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PHOSPHATIdy I InOSITOl 3-kInASE,PI3k)和蛋白激酶(SErInE-THrEOnInE kInASES,AkT)MrnA表达的影响。方法高脂饲料喂养加链尿佐菌素腹腔注射诱发的2型糖尿病大鼠随机分为糖尿病对照组和高、低剂量AC组,每组10只,均喂饲高脂饲料,分别每日经口灌胃给予明日叶查尔酮0、30和10Mg/kg bW。另设一个正常对照组为正常大鼠喂饲普通饲料,实验周期4周。用放射免疫分析法检测血清胰岛素水平,葡萄糖氧化酶法测血糖含量,逆转录聚合酶链式反应方法检测肝细胞PI3k和AkT MrnA表达水平,蛋白印迹法测肝细胞AkT磷酸化水平。结果高剂量AC组空腹血糖和血清胰岛素水平显著低于糖尿病对照组,而PI3k MrnA、AkT MrnA和磷酸化AkT蛋白表达水平均显著高于糖尿病对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论明日叶查尔酮可上调糖尿病大鼠PI3k和AkT MrnA的表达水平,改善胰岛素抵抗。Objective To study the effect of chalcones extracted from Angelica Keiskei(AC) on the mRNA expression of phosphatidy I inositol 3-kinase(PI3K) and serine-threonine kinases(Akt) in hepatocytes of rats with diabetes.Methods The diabetes of rats was induced by streptozotocin with intraperitoeal injection as well as with high-fat diet feeding.The rats were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 rats in each group,diabetic control group,high-dose AC group and low-dose AC group.All the rats were fed with high-fat diet.0,30 and 10mg/kg BW AC per day were given to high-dose AC,low-dose AC and the diabetic control groups,respectively.Another 10 normal rats fed with regular diet were used as the normal control group.After 4 weeks,serum insulin levels were evaluated by radioimmunoassay.The mRNA expression levels of PI3K and Akt were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The phosphorylation levels of Akt in hepatocytes were detected by western blot.Blood glucose levels were measured by glucose oxidase method.Results Compared with rats in the diabetic control gruop,the levels of blood glucose and serum insulin in rats of high-dose AC gruop were decreased and the PI3K and AKT mRNA expression levels were increased.All the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion AC may up-regulate the mRNA expression levels of PI3K and Akt and improve insulin resistance of rats with diabetes.山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(No.QNW001

Analysis of genetic variability of Castanopsis hystrix by rbcL gene sequences

通过PCR扩增得到10个红锥品系的rbcL基因全序列,均为1.513 kb.核苷酸序列比对结果表明,在256-1 455 bp区间10个红锥品系共有16处碱基发生变异,变异率为1%,其中在306 bp和634 bp处10个红锥品系较同属对照castanopsis lucida均发生相同的变异,可以看作属内进化信息碱基.对表达的氨基酸序列进行比对分析,发现16处碱基变异共引起8处氨基酸序列变异.The rbcL gene sequences of 10 assassin of Castanopsis lucida were analyzed by PCR,and sixteen mutations in 256-1 455 bp were found,the mutation ratio was 1 %.Compared to Castanopsis lucida,between 306 bp and 634 bp,they had two characteristic mutations of their own,so it was different from Castanopsis lucida.Compared to Castanopsis lucida,8 amino acid variations were found,caused by 16 point mutations.广西林业科学研究院国家林业局中南速生材繁育重点实验室开放基金课题;; 兰州理工大学博士基金(SB08200602);; 甘肃省教育厅研究生导师基金( 0703-11)