Research on MAC Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Networks Based on OPNET

水声网络MAC协议决定了节点共享水声信道资源的方式,它直接影响到水声信道的利用率和网络的整体性能。本文基于OPnET平台,对随机接入型MAC协议和握手协议进行对比,并分析传输范围、网络拓扑结构和数据包的大小等因素对协议性能的影响。仿真结果表明,握手协议在情况复杂的水声环境中的性能优于随机接入协议。MAC protocol in underwater acoustic network decides the ways that nodes share the UWA channel's property.It affects the utilization ratio of the UWA channel.This paper makes modeling and simulation of the data link layer protocol based on OPNET,compares random access MAC protocol and RTS/CTS approach protocol,and analyzes the performances affected by transmission range of each node,data packet size and network topology.Simulation result shows that comparing to random access protocol,the RTS/CTS approach protocol has the better performances in complex underwater acoustic environment than randan access protocol.国家自然科学基金资助项目(61001142

FTIR-ATR Spectrometry of BSA Adsorption on Hydroxyapatite

采用傅里叶变换红外衰减全反射(FTIR-ATR)光谱法对牛血清白蛋白(BSA)在羟磷灰石(HA)[Ca_(10)(OH)_2(PO_4)_6]表面不同时间的相互吸附作用进行了表征。在BSA溶液作用下,羟磷灰石表面的Ca~(2+)、PO_4~(3-)和OH~-离子初始的溶解和再沉淀使得BSA与HA相互作用层层叠加,在HA表面形成从表层到次表层分子都包含有吸附的BSA的覆盖层,从而加深两者之间的相互作用。经红外差谱法处理过的相关ATR数据表明,BSA与HA之间的相互作用是快速的,并随时间变化进一步加强;来自HA上PO_4~(3-)的P=O基团对蛋白质肽键的酰胺Ⅱ带(-CNH)、多肽链的甲基(-CH_3)和亚甲基(-CH_2)上氢的吸附作用要比P-O快速而且强烈。Ca~(2+)在该吸附过程中起了极其重要的作用,其快速与蛋白质肽键的羰基氧发生作用,并诱导该蛋白质二级结构由β-折叠向α-螺旋和β-转角构象转变;伴随着这一构象变化,蛋白质多肽链上大多数肽键的-C=O和H-N-活性基团从链间氢键交联中释放出来,带动众多的氢分别参与同HA表面的Ca~(2+)、PO_4~(3-)和OH~-离子的相互吸附作用,并牢牢地结合于HA表面;这对硬组织的再生起着重要作用,促进了HA的生物矿化过程。The microcosmic process of bovine serum albumin(BSA) adsorbing onto hydroxyapatite(HA) for different time intervals was investigated by Fourier transform infrared attenuated total internal reflectance(FTIRATR) spectrometry.The initial dissolution and re-precipitation of PO_4~(3-),Ca~(2+),and OH~- ions from the HA coating led to the occurrence of the coating including adsorbed BSA on the HA from surface-to subsurface-molecular layers and to in-depth interaction between BSA and HA.The subtraction results gained in the adsorption regions of HA and BSA reveal that the binding of P=O,from the phosphate(PO_4~(3-)),to the hydrogen of amide Ⅱ,methyl and methene of the BSA appears to be considerably more rapid and stronger than that of the P—O group.In addition,it is very likely that Ca~(2+) plays an important role in the interaction of BSA with HA.It appears that the binding of Ca~(2+) to the carbonyl-oxygen of the peptide bond in BSA caused a significant,molecular,conformational rearrangement of polypeptide backbones from β-pleated sheet to helical circles of α-helix and β-turn.This change appears to have been followed by much hydrogen of polypeptides being driven to bind PO_4~(3-) and OH~-effectively and much-C=O and H-N- groups of the peptide bond being freed from inter-chain hydrogenbonding to act on Ca~(2+) and combine strongly with the HA surface.This might reasonably be expected to promote hard tissue regeneration.BSA seems to be activated by the inductive effect of Ca~(2+) via the molecular rearrangement of polypeptide backbones from pleated sheet to helical circles and in turn reacts strongly on the HA,resulting in profound effects on the course of biomineralization.国家自然科学基金(51571169)资助项目~

提升电池储能系统经济性研究方法综述

随着新能源并网比例持续上升，电池储能系统（battery energy storage system，BESS）的发展备受关注。逐渐完善其激励政策和市场机制，提升其经济效益，对其未来发展具有重要意义。但目前BESS的不同物理特性、政策和市场机制、退役电池的处理方式等问题仍亟待深入研究。分析了BESS的研究现状，包括不同物理特性、参与电力系统价值评估现状。从国内外储能政策的提出、电力市场的运营、碳市场的交易等方面综述了国内外BESS需求及市场机制，并分析了梯次利用BESS的适用场景与经济效益。分析了目前BESS经济性研究方法和商业模式，提出了BESS参与电力系统存在的问题，并且提出改善建议

Extraction Model Based on Web Format Information Quantity in Blog Post and Comment Extraction

从信息论的角度出发,提出了一个基于网页格式信息量的博客文章和评论抽取模型.首先,结合网页视觉上的位置信息和文本的有效信息来定位网页正文.其次,利用博客网页中的格式信息作为信息单元并计算每个信息块所包含的格式信息量,通过计算最小切分位置信息量来切分正文中的文章和评论.该模型具有与语言无关的特点,因此具有一定的通用性.实验结果表明,该模型在博客正文定位和正文切分方面达到了较高的精确率.Based on the information theory,this paper presents a model based on Web format information quantity in blog information extraction.First,the vision information in blog Web page and the effective text information are combined to locate the main text which represents the theme of the blog Web page.Second,the format information of blog Web page is used to calculate the information quantity of each block and the minimal separating information quantity of separate position is used to detect the boundary of posts and comments in the main text.This model is language insensitive and can be used in a lot of blogs which are written in different natural languages.Experimental results show that this method achieves high precision in locating main text and separating the post and comment.国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)Nos.2004CB318109;2007CB311100;国家高技术研究发展计划(863)No.2007AA01Z441---

化学模拟生物固氮——Ⅸ 铁钼辅基模型化合物的合成和性能表征

本文曾在全国化学摸拟生物固氮协作组领导小组扩大会议(昆明,1980,8)上宣读。[中文文摘]采用乙二醇基阴离子作为活插头(可通过水解除去的双配位螯形配位体),对前文提出的合成方法作了重要改进,以期所合成的铁钼辅基模型化合物中Mo~(Ⅳ(Ⅲ))第一配位界内两个不稳定的配位体处于相邻的位置,如厦门模型Ⅲ(或厦门模型Ⅱ)所要求。合成和重组活性评价结果,重组活性比使用乙腈等为活插头的提高2个数量级,化学催化活性和选择性接近于天然FeMo-co水平。[英文文摘]A significant improvement has been made to the method previously proposed[3] for synthesizing FeMo-co modeling compounds. With the use of ethylene glycolate anion as labilizable blocking agent (hydrolyzable bidentatc chelating ligand)to protect two neighboring coordination sites in the first coordination sphere of MoIV(III) of the synthesized FeMo-co modeling compound, an increase in reconstituted-nitrogenase activity of 2 orders of magnitude of the sample synthesized (as compared with the use of acetoni-trile or other monodentare ligands as bloeking agents)has been obtained.Catalytic activity and selectivity assays as well as preliminary characterization by EPR method have also been made

ONE NEW GENUS,TWO NEW SPECIES AND ONE NEW RECORD of CORYMORPHIDAE FROM THE SOUTH CHINA SEA(ANTHOMEDUSAE,CAPITATA)

记述了采自南海的棒状水母科COryMOrPHIdAE AllMAn,18721新属,肋突水母属COSTA HuAng,Xu ET lIn,gEn.nOV.,2新种,即南海肋突水母COSTA nAnHAIEnSIS HuAng,Xu ET lIn,SP.nOV.,间腺梅尔水母MAyErI InTErgOnA HuAng,Xu ET guO,SP.nOV.和1新纪录种,幼芽真囊水母EuPHySOrA gEMMIfErA bOuIllOn,1978。详细描述其形态特征,并绘图与本属其它种进行比较,模式标本保存于国家海洋局第三海洋研究所。Samples of Corymorphidae were collected from the South China Sea(4°-18° 30' N,109° 119°E),during Aug.2011.Based on the taxonomic system of Bouillon et al.(2006),at present time 12 valid genera of Corymorphidae are known,Euphysora M aas,1905 and Vannuccia Brinckmann-Voss,1967 are valid genera.In view of the used of the genus name of Vannuccia M arcus,1948,we wish to make the proposal of which the genus name of Vannuccia BrinckmannVoss,1967 is change to that of Mayeri Xu,Huang et Guo,gen.nov.,remembering the first author for the species of the genus.One new genus,Costa Huang,Xu et Lin,gen.nov.,two new species,i.e.Costa nanhaiensis Huang,Xu et Lin,sp.nov.,Mayeri intergona Huang,Xu et Guo,sp.nov.and one new record,Euphysora gemmifera Bouillon,1978 are described.All type specimens are deposited in the T hird Institute of Oceanography,SOA.T he specific diagnoses of one new genus and two new species are as follows.Costa Huang,Xu et Lin,gen.nov.Umberlla dome-shaped,exumbrella with 4 longitudinal ridges and ribs;manubrium large,the length no extending umbrella margin;mouth simple,circular;one well-developed solid tentacle terminating in large cnidocyst knob,3 marginal bulbs without tentacles;4 radial canals,1 circular canal;with mesenteries.T ype species:Costa nanhaiensis Huang,Xu et Lin,sp.nov.Etymology.T he genus name from Latin Costa,means rib and ridge,the new genus exumbrella with 4 longitudinal ridges and ribs.Costa nanhaiensis Huang,Xu et Lin,sp.nov.(Figs 1-2) Umbrella dome-shaped,exumbrella with 4 longitudinal ridges and ribs;manubrium large,extending no beyond umbrella margin,vacuolated endodermal cells in the upper part,gonads in the lower part;one well-developed solid tentacle terminating in two large cnidocyst knobs;3 marginal bulbs without tentacles;4 radial canal,1 circular canal;with mesenteries.Etymology.Form Latin,Nanhaiensis,means Nanhai,the species name refers to the first collected from Nanhai(the South China Sea).Mayeri intergona Huang,Xu et Guo,sp.nov.(Figs 3-4) Umbrella dome-shaped,without apical process,bell margin slightly asymmetrical;manubrium short,length about 1 /3 of the umbrella cavity,with a apical chamber;gonads global shaped,in interradial position of manubrium;one swollen marginal tentacle,hollow for half its length and ending in long,large,clubshaped swelling armed with cnidocysts.我国近海海洋综合调查与评价(908专项);“中国海洋生物种类名录和图谱”(908-ZC-Ⅱ-02);“908专项海洋生物样品库”和“全球变化与海气相互作用专项”资助---

TWO NEW SPECIES of THE GENUS NUBIELLA FROM THE SOUTH CHINA SEA(FILIFERA,BOUGAINVILLIDAE)

记述了采自南海花水母亚纲AnTHOMEduSAE HAECkEl,1879、丝螅水母目fIlIfErA küHn,1913、高手水母科bOugAIn VIllIdAE lüTkEn,1850、单肢水母属nubIEllA bOuIllOn,19802新种,即球形单肢水母n. glObOSA lIn,Xu ET HuAng,SP.nOV.和球腺单肢水母n. glObOgOnA WAng,guO ET XuE,SP.nOV.,对新种特征进行了绘图和描述。模式标本保存于国家海洋局第三海洋研究所。Samples of Nubiella were collected from the South China Sea(4°-18° 30' N,109°-119° E) during Aug.2011.T wo new species of Nubiella i.e.N.globosa Lin,Xu et Huang,sp.nov.and N.globogona W ang,Guo et Xue,sp.nov.are described.All type specimens are deposited in the T hird Institute of Oceanography,SOA.T he specific diagnoses of two new species are as follow.Nubiella globosa Lin,Xu et Huang,sp.nov.(Figs 1-2) Umbrella global-shaped,without apical projection,exumbrella without scattered cnidocysts;without gastric peduncle and oral tube;gonads on interradial region of manubrium;with 4 unbranched oral tentacles;4 radial canals thin;4 tentacular bulbs global-shaped,without dense masses;4 marginal tentacles rather short with ring cnidocysts.Nubiella globogona Wang,Guo et Xue,sp.nov.(Figs 3-4) Umbrella bell-shaped,without apical projection,exumbrella with scattered cnidocysts;manubrium cylindrical-shaped,with apical chamber;mouth simple,circular;with 12 unbranched oral tentacles;gonads globular-shaped on media interradial region of manubrium;4 marginal tentacles,tentacular bulbs with black pigments.我国近海海洋综合调查与评价(908专项);“中国海洋生物种类名录和图谱”(908-ZC-Ⅱ-02);“908专项海洋生物样品库”和“全球变化与海气相互作用专项”资助---

ANALYSES ON LDH ISOENZYME AND PROTEIN FROM BOTH GUANGDONG STRAIN AND FUJIAN STRAIN OF ECHINOCHASMUS FUJIANENSIS

目的　探讨福建与广东两地福建棘隙吸虫生化特点。方法　用不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及薄层等电聚焦电泳等进行比较分析虫体乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)同工酶和蛋白质。结果　福建与广东两地虫株都有 5种LDH同工酶 ,其中LDH1、LDH4 和LDH5的迁移率相同 ;蛋白质电泳都分离出 9条区带 ,其中有 7条带的等电点相同。但在LDH2 和LDH3 的迁移率 ,蛋白质区带的相对含量 ,同工酶的总活力与比活力 ,以及A和B亚基的含量等存在差异。结论　LDH同工酶与蛋白质的某些差异 ,可归因为基因型相似条件下所出现两地虫株生化遗传上差异Aim\ Inguired into the biochemical characteristrics of Echinochasmus fujianensis found in Fujian and Guangdong provinces. Methods\ Compared and analysed two strains by LDH isoenzyme eletrophoresis, discontinuous PAGE and thinlayer isoelectric equilibrium PAGE.Results\ Two strains both had five LDH isoenzyme, among them, LDH\-1、LDH\-4 and LDH\-5 had the same mobilities. There were nine bands in protein electrophoresis. Seven bands had the same isoelectric point.But there were differences in the mobilities of LDH\-2 and LDH\-3,the comparative amount of protein bands, total and specific activity of isoenzyme and the amount of A and B subunit. Conclusion Under the similar condition of genotypes, the differences of the biochemical inheritance can be contributed to the differences of LDH isoenzyme and protein.福建省科技计划基金资助项目!(No.98-Z-156);; 福建省“百千万人才”人选培养资金资助项

SURVEY OF MIXED INFECTIONS OF FISH-BORNE TREMATODES IN PINYUAN COUNTY AND DNA(RAPD)ANALYSIS

目的　调查广东省平远县棘隙吸虫及其他鱼源性吸虫混合感染情况。方法　对鱼类宿主取鱼鳃和鱼肉等组织 ,镜检囊蚴 ;用水洗过筛沉淀法粪检虫卵 ,部分虫卵阳性动物解剖检查。采用DNA -RAPD技术 ,比较福建棘隙吸虫广东株与福建株。结果　查出华支睾吸虫 (Clonorchissinensis)、东方次睾吸虫 (Metorchisorientalis)、福建棘隙吸虫 (Echinochasmusfujianensis)、日本棘隙吸虫 (E japonicus)、抱茎棘隙吸虫 (E perfoliatus)和钩棘单睾吸虫 (Haplorchispumilio) 6种。第二中间宿主为麦穗鱼等 11种 ,感染率 48 3% (182 / 377) ,有 92 4%的阳性鱼混合感染 2种以上吸虫囊蚴。保虫宿主狗、猫感染率 79 2 % (19/ 2 4) ,每只阳性动物均有 2种以上吸虫混合感染。 15个引物在福建棘隙吸虫广东株与福建株两者共获DNA片段 185个 ,共享度 (F) =0 984,遗传距离 (D) =0 0 16。结论　当地为人兽共患的多种鱼源性吸虫混合感染区。形态学观察和分子生物学检测结果相印证 ,福建棘隙吸虫广东株与福建棘隙吸虫福建株为同一虫种。Aim To seek the possible existence of mixed infections of Echinochasmus fujianensis and other fish-borne tremtodes in Pinyuan county,Guangdong.Methods Metacercariae of trematodes were detected from gills,muscles and some other tissues of freshwater fish and examintd under microscopy Sedimentation pocedures were used to observe parasite ova in stool Adult worms were obtained from definitive animal hosts upon dissection Experimental animal infection were performed from metacercariae of E fujianensis strains in Fujian and Guangdong,and it's DNA analysis Random amplified Polymorphic DNA(RAPD).Results Six species of trematodes were found,including Clonorchis sinensis,Metorchis orientalis,E fujanensis, E japonicus,E perfoliatus and Haplorchis pumilio Eleven species of freshwater fish comprising Pseudorasbora parve were identified as the second intermediate hosts,with an average positive rate of 48 33%(182/377) The overall mixed infection animal were contracted with 2 or more species Dogs and cats were detected to be reservoir hosts,the total infection rate being 79 2%(19/24).92 4% of infecded fish were contracted with 2 or 6 speies of the metacercariae of trematodes 185 DNA fragments were obtained by 15 primers,F=0 894 and D=0 016 between E fujianensis Guandong and Fujian strain Conclusion There are six species of fish-borne trematodes which may cause infections in human and animal in the regions E fujianensis Guangdong stain and Fujian strain are the same species福建省科技计划基金!资助项目 (No 98-Z - 1 56);; 福建省“百千万人才”人选培养资

Aequorea taiwanensis n. sp. (Hydrozoa,Leptomedusae) and mtCOI sequence analysis for the genus Aequorea

【中文摘要】 Aequorea taiwanensis,a new hydrozoan species from the Taiwan Strait was described using morphological and molecular characteristics.Both morphological and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I(mtCOI) data supported A.taiwanensis n.sp.as a valid species.Sequence divergence and genetic distance of A.taiwanensis n.sp.,A.papillata and A.conica were analysed based on the mtCOI gene sequences.The mtCOI sequences from these three species of the genus Aequorea showed high variation frequency,with sequence dive... 【英文摘要】 Aequorea taiwanensis,a new hydrozoan species from the Taiwan Strait was described using morphological and molecular characteristics.Both morphological and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I(mtCOI) data supported A.taiwanensis n.sp.as a valid species.Sequence divergence and genetic distance of A.taiwanensis n.sp.,A.papillata and A.conica were analysed based on the mtCOI gene sequences.The mtCOI sequences from these three species of the genus Aequorea showed high variation frequency,with sequence dive..