Advertising:Dancing in the Creation and Ethics

本文对广告中的创意、伦理及如何兼顾两者的关系进行了分析。The paper analyzes the creation,ethics and their relations in advertising

试论大众传播与人际传播的区别和融合

大众传播和人际传播是人类传播两种主要的传播方式。规模化和小范围、公开性和私密性是这两种传播方式的主要区别。这种区别也构成两对内在矛盾推动着两种传播方式不断融合

麦克卢汉的“三位一体”——理解麦克卢汉的一条别样路径

影响和支撑麦克卢汉思想的三个关键因素是:天主教、艺术和技术。在麦克卢汉看来,这三者都是人的延伸,都是“媒介“,因而又都合成一体,形成了麦克卢汉思想架构之中一个几乎完美的“三位一体“。这“三位一体“造就了作为思想家和预言家的麦克卢汉,也成为我们理解他的一条特殊路径

Functional groups of benthic macrofauna in the 14th Yong intertidal zone of Nansha,Guangzhou

大型底栖动物根据食性可分为浮游生物食者(planktophagous,Pl)、植食者(phytophagous,Ph)、肉食者(carnivorous,C)、杂食者(omnivorous,O)和碎屑食者(detritivorous,D)五个功能群。本文根据2007–2008年度和2013–2014年度在茳芏(Cyperus malaccensis)、海桑(Sonneratia caseolaris)2种生境调查获得的各4个季度的大型底栖动物数据,分析了广州南沙十四涌潮间带大型底栖动物功能群的生境差异、季节变化和年际变化。2007–2008年度采集到26种大型底栖动物,低于2013–2014年度的36种。无论是2007–2008年度还是2013–2014年度,茳芏、海桑生境的大型底栖动物均以植食者的栖息密度和生物量最高,碎屑食者的栖息密度和生物量最低。生境比较得出,茳芏生境大型底栖动物浮游生物食者(Pl)的丰富度指数(d)、均匀度指数(J)和多样性指数(H')均高于海桑生境。年度比较得出,在茳芏和海桑生境,2013–2014年度浮游生物食者的丰富度指数、均匀度指数和多样性指数均高于2007–2008年度,这是因为2013–2014年度采集到红树蚬(Gelonia coaxans)和彩虹明樱蛤(Morerlla iridescens)等,而2007–2008年度没有采集到。Benthic macrofauna were classified into 5 functional groups,i.e.planktophagous(Pl),phytophagous(Ph),carnivorous(C),omnivorous(O) and detritivorous(D).The biotope difference,seasonal and annual variations of functional group of benthic macrofauna in the intertidal zone of the 14 th Yong of Nansha,Guangzhou were analyzed in this study according to the four seasonal data of benthic macrofauna collected in two biotopes(Cyperus malaccensis and Sonneratia caseolaris) in 2007–2008 and 2013–2014.A total of 26 species were recorded in 2007–2008,which was lower than 36 species in 2013–2014.Both in 2007–2008 and 2013–2014,phytophagous group showed the highest value while detritivorous group shared the lowest one in density and biomass.Habitat comparison showed that the abundance index(d),evenness index(J) and diversity index(H') of planktophagous group in Cyperus malaccensis habitat were all higher than those in Sonneratia caseolaris habitat.Annual comparison showed that the abundance index,evenness index and diversity index of planktophagous group in 2013–2014 were all higher than those in 2007 –2008 both in Cyperus malaccensis and Sonneratia caseolaris habitats because the planktophagous such as Gelonia coaxans and Morerlla iridescens and so on were collected in 2013–2014 but they were not found in 2007–2008.国家自然科学基金(41176089和41376113

Current Status and Management Strategies of Zoobenthic Resources in Quanzhou Bay Mangrove Wetland

根据泉州湾红树林湿地底栖动物历史调查数据和文献,阐述了泉州湾红树林湿地底栖动物的资源和研究现状,分析了泉州湾红树林湿地底栖动物调查研究的不足,提出今后的研究思路和管理策略,旨在为泉州湾红树林湿地底栖动物资源保护和管理提供科学依据。According to the data of historical surveys and literature, current status of zoobenthic resources and studies of them were described.Shortages of zoobenthic surveys in Quanzhou Bay mangrove wetland were analyzed.Research needs and management strategies were proposed, providing a scientific basis for zoobenthic resource protection and management of Quanzhou Bay mangrove wetland

Community of benthic macrofauna on sandy intertidal zone in Chinese Horseshoe Crab Reserve in Pingtan island,China

2015年7月底,在平潭岛中国鲎(Tachypleus; tridentatus)保护区沙质潮间带进行了大型底栖动物调查。结果表明,在山岐澳和坛南湾沙质潮间带未发现鲎的幼体和成体,证实中国鲎在山岐澳和坛; 南湾已经面临濒危的境况。山岐澳潮间带的大型底栖动物物种数、物种多样性指数(H')、均匀度指数(J)和丰度指数(d)均高于坛南湾潮间带的大型底栖动; 物物种数、物种多样性指数、均匀度指数和丰度指数,而山岐澳潮间带的大型底栖动物栖息密度和生物量低于坛南湾潮间带的大型底栖动物栖息密度和生物量。两个; 海湾大型底栖动物群落的差异与肋(虫昌)螺(Umbonium; costatum)分布有关,坛南湾潮间带栖息着高密度的肋虫昌螺,而在山岐澳潮间带肋(虫昌)螺很少。AZTI's海洋生物指数(AMBI)和多变量海; 洋底栖生物指数(M-AMBI)值证实山歧澳和坛南湾沙质潮间带生态环境均属于受轻度扰动状态。山岐澳主要受海水养殖的影响,吊养的生物和浮筒减缓了水动; 力,导致山岐澳潮间带低洼区表层为泥质沉积物。坛南湾是旅游区,潮间带受人为踩踏较多。At the end of July 2015 , the benthic macrofauna were investigated in; sandy intertidal zone in Chinese Horseshoe Crab Reserve in Pingtan; island. The results showed that both the larvae and adult of Chinese; horseshoe crab were not found in sandy intertidal zone in Shanqi bay and; Tannan bay. It was confirmed that Tachypleus tridentatus stayed in an; endangered situation in the two bays. The species number, species; diversity index (H'),evenness index (J) and a-bundance index (d) of; benthic macrofauna in Shanqi bay were all higher than those in Tannan; bay,while the density and biomass of benthic macrofauna in the; intertidal zone of Shanqi bay were lower than those in Tannan bay. The; difference of benthic macrofaunal community between Shanqi bay and; Tannan bay was related to the distribution of Umbonium costatum . The; density of Umbonium costatum was high in Tannan bay,but it was few in; Shanqi bay. The values of AZTI' s Marine Biotic Index ( AMBI) and; Multivariate Marine Benthic Index (M-AMBI) showed that the ecological; and environmental status both in Shanqi bay and Tannan bay were slightly; disturbed. The mariculture was the key factor in Shanqi bay,because the; suspending aquatic organisms and floats retarded hydrodynamic force led; to muddy sediment in lower intertidal zone in Shanqi bay. Tannan bay is; a tourism region, where has more artificial tread than Shanqi bay.海洋公益项目; 国家自然科学基金面上项目; 厦门大学2015年大创资助项

An Investigation of AIDS-related Knowledge and Reactions among College Students in China.

A total of 251 Chinese college students from Shanghai (31 males, 88 females) and Guangzhou (59 males, 73 females) completed a series of scales concerning AIDS related knowledge, affective feelings and attitude toward PWA, discomfort of contact with PWA, perceived responsibility of contracting AIDS, and support of coercive polices. Results showed that college students (a)had misconceptions about casual contagion of AIDS, independent of correct beliefs about AIDS, (b) expressed significant negative feelings toward PWA, (c) expressed discomfort of contact with PWA, (d) did not support coercive policies upon PWA ; (e) did not think it was PWA&rsquo;s responsibility to contract AIDS; and that (a) compared with college students from Guangzhou, those from Shanghai were more knowledgeable of AIDS and exhibited less negative feelings, negative attitude toward PWA and attributed less responsibility to PWA for their contracting of AIDS; and (b) it was misconception about casual contagion of AIDS but not correct beliefs about AIDS that was consistently predictive of negative reactions toward PWA. These findings call for strong efforts in disseminating AIDS related knowledge, particularly what can&rsquo;t cause AIDS, and eliminating negative reactions towards PWA among college students in China, especially students in Guangzhou area.</p

Polychaete community in mangrove and salt marsh in Zhangjiang River Estuary,Fujian Province of East China

为了比较漳江口4种植物生境之间多毛类动物群落的差异性,2010年对漳江口潮间带秋茄、桐花树、白骨壤和互花米草4种植物生境的多毛类动物进行4个季度的定量取样.共获得15种多毛类动物,4个季度在4种植物生境中均出现三角洲双须虫、溪沙蚕、拟突齿沙蚕、凿贝才女虫、小头虫和加州中蚓虫.多毛类动物栖息密度、生物量、丰度指数、均匀度指数和多样性指数的季节变化不明显;但4种植物生境之间多毛类动物栖息密度、生物量、丰度指数、均匀度指数和多样性指数有显著差异,且互花米草生境与3种红树林生境之间多毛类动物优势种不同.PEArSOn相关分析表明,漳江口红树林和盐沼湿地除了多毛类物种数与泥温显著相关外,多毛类动物栖息密度、生物量、丰度指数、均匀度指数和多样性指数均与泥温、盐度、总有机碳、总氮无显著相关关系,其原因是漳江口4种植物生境多毛类动物常见种小头虫、加州中蚓虫和溪沙蚕均是广温、广盐及耐高有机质含量的种类.In order to understand the community structure of polychaete in different botanic habitats in Zhangjiang River Estuary,an investigation was conducted in the habitats of Kandelia candel,Aegiceras corniculatum,Spartina alterniflora,and Avicennia marina in four seasons,2010.A total of 15 polychaete species were recorded,and 6 species including Eteone delta,Namalycastis abiuma,Paraleonnates uschakovi,Polydora ciliata,Capitella capitata,and Mediomastus californiensis were found in the four habitats and four seasons.The density,biomass,richness index,evenness index,and diversity index of the polychaete had no significant differences among seasons but significant differences among habitats,and the dominant species of polychaete in S.alterniflora habitat differed from that in the other three mangrove habitats.Pearson correlation analysis showed that in the mangrove and salt marsh,there were no significant correlations between the polychaete parameters(density,biomass,richness index,evenness index,and diversity index) and the environmental factors(sediment temperature,salinity,total organic carbon,and total nitrogen),except that the species number of polychaete had significant correlation with sediment temperature due to the common species of polychaete such as Capitella capitata,Mediomastus californiensis,and Namalycastis abiuma in the mangrove and salt marsh in Zhangjiang River Estuary being of eurytherm and eurysalinity,and resistant to high organic matter content.国家自然科学基金重点项目(30930017)资

Functional groups of macrofauna in Xunpu intertidal zone,Quanzhou Bay

为了比较不同生境的大型底栖动物功能群,根据在泉州湾蟳埔潮间带3种生境类型获得的大型底栖动物数据进行了分析。2011年4月-至2012年1月在泉州湾蟳埔潮间带获得大型底栖动物101种,其中浮游生物食者(Pl)、植食者(PH)、肉食者(C)、杂食者(O)和碎屑食者(d)物种数分别为21种、18种、21种、26种和15种。光滩(沙滩)、互花米草和牡蛎石三种生境大型底栖动物物种数、平均栖息密度、平均生物量、多样性指数的优势功能群多样化,表明泉州湾蟳埔潮间带大型底栖动物功能群的复杂化和多样化,这种特征是潮汐、生境、底质粒径等环境因子共同作用的结果。潮汐导致潮间带的空间异质性(沉积物粒径的差异),空间异质性导致大型底栖动物功能群组成的差异。互花米草、牡蛎石构成了多种小生境,有利于众多大型底栖动物的栖息。还讨论了大型底栖动物物种鉴定水平和功能群划分标准不同对功能群研究结果的影响。To study the functional groups of macrofauna in different biotopes, we analyzed the macrofauna data in three biotopes in Xunpu intertidal zone, Quanzhou Bay.A total of 101 benthic macrofauna were got.We divided the macrofauna into five functional groups, namely planktophagous group( Pl), phytophagous group( Ph), carnivorous group( C),omnivorous group(O) and detritivorous group(D).The species number of Pl, Ph, C, O and D was 21, 18, 21, 26 and 15 respectively.Dominant functional groups of macrofauna in species, mean density, mean biomass and diversity index were various in sandy, Spartina alterniflora and oyster-stone biotopes.The distribution characteristic indicated the complication and diversity in functional groups of macrofauna in Quanzhou Bay intertidal zone, and the joint action of tide, biotope,sediment particle size and other environmental factors.Tides result in spatial heterogeneity(different in sediment particle size) on intertidal zone, and spatial heterogeneity results in different functional groups of macrofauna.S.alterniflora and oyster-stone constitute various niches, which had advantages to many macrofaunas.This paper also discussed the influences of accuracy in macrofaunal identification and functional group classification criteria on the results of functional group research.国家自然科学基金(41176089

Secondary productivity of macrobenthos in mangrove and salt marsh in Gaoqiao of Zhanjiang,Guangdong Province of South China

为了比较湛江高桥潮间带不同植物生境的大型底栖动物次级生产力,根据2010年4个季度湛江高桥潮间带生境的大型底栖动物数据,运用brEy经验公式计算不同植物生境的大型底栖动物次级生产力.结果表明:湛江高桥红树林和盐沼湿地不同生境大型底栖动物平均次级生产力为11.77gAfdM·M-2·A-1.其中,无瓣海桑生境次级生产力最高,为18.16gAfdM·M-2·A-1,其次是桐花树、盐地鼠尾粟和木榄生境,分别为17.67、8.34和2.92gAfdM·M-2·A-1.在4种生境中,木榄生境的年生产力/年均生物量(P/b)最高,为2.38,其次是无瓣海桑、盐地鼠尾粟和桐花树生境,分别为1.23、0.99和0.48.湛江高桥潮间带不同植物生境大型底栖动物次级生产力和P/b值的差异主要与总有机碳含量、食物类型和动物个体大小有关.In order to understand the secondary productivity of macrobenthos in different botanic habitats in intertidal zone in Gaoqiao of Zhanjiang,the Brey's empirical formula was applied to calculate the secondary productivity based on the investigations in the habitats of Sonneratia apetala,Aegiceras corniculatum,Sporobolus virginicus,and Bruguiera conjugate in four seasons,2010.The secondary productivity of the macrobenthos in the habitats in four seasons was averagely 11.77 g AFDM·m-2·a-1,being the highest in S.apetala habitat(18.16 g AFDM·m-2·a-1),followed by in A.corniculatum habitat(17.67 g AFDM·m-2·a-1),S.virginicus habitat(8.34 g AFDM·m-2·a-1),and B.conjugate habitat(2.92 g AFDM·m-2·a-1).The P/B ratio of the macrobenthos was the highest in B.conjugate habitat(2.38),followed by in S.virginicus,S.virginicus,and A.corniculatum habitats,with the values of 1.23,0.99,and 0.48,respectively.The differences in the secondary productivity and P/B ratio of the macrobenthos among the four botanic habitats were mainly related to the sediment total organic carbon,food type,and macrobenthos individual size.国家自然科学基金重点项目(30930017)资