中央苏区的分田运动与地方主义问题

20世纪20—30年代中央苏区\"打土豪、分田地\"的土地革命运动,对苏区社会原有的权力结构和地权秩序产生了巨大冲击。由于受到传统乡族关系和矛盾因素的深刻制约,在分田的过程中出现了乱打土豪、乱划阶级和假分田、乱分田等各种地方主义问题。地方主义问题的存在,集中体现了传统乡族亲邻关系、村落领地观念和地权私有观念对现代阶级革命的严重影响,表明当时中共分田政策的政治意图和社会目标并未得到彻底实现,反映了中央苏区土地革命的社会复杂性。国家社会科学基金项目“民间文献与赣南土地革命的社会史研究”(17BZS085

利率冲击与流动性冲击对大宗商品价格影响研究

基于商品超调模型,引入汇率超调理论,建立两国模型,分析溢出效应;又引入流动性冲击变量,建立关于大宗商品价格指数、实际利率与流动性变量的VAR模型以及用美元强弱指标替代全球流动性变量的对比分析模型。在此基础上进行脉冲响应与方差分解分析,结果表明:大宗商品价格与短期实际利率存在显著负相关关系,但与长期实际利率关系不大;全球实际利率的溢出效应广泛存在且显著,尤其是在浮动汇率制度国家;利率冲击对于大宗商品价格的影响比流动性冲击更加显著且持久。教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“模仿-创新之跨越及资本输出中技术优势形成解析”(15YJC790003);;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“基于资本输出背景下的技术进步与产业结构升级”(20720161016

公共服务绩效评价的指标体系建构与应用分析——基于厦门市的实证研究

当前我国正处于社会转型的重要时期,管理理念正在由“管理型“向“服务型“转变。服务型政府的建设不仅需要政府职能转变,而且需要构建一套公共服务绩效评价体系,对其进行应用、检验,以确保政府公共服务的有效供给。将公民满意度和公共服务供给情况相结合的“双元综合评估“模型,用以指导公共服务绩效评价指标体系的设计和优化。在实际应用过程中,应注意合理界定目标群体,努力提高评价准确性;完善评价体系,量化评价指标;加强配套制度建设,保证指标体系的评估效果;加强与其他城市的合作,推广应用指标体系。国家自然科学基金重点项目《公共服务提供机制与方式研究》阶段性成果(70633001

四种鲍45S rDNA在染色体上的比较定位

为了研究皱纹盘鲍、西氏鲍、绿鲍和杂色鲍等4种鲍的核型特征,实验利用荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization, FISH)技术比较定位了上述4种鲍的45S rDNA位点。皱纹盘鲍中约83%的中期细胞均检出2对45S rDNA位点,分别位于13号和16号染色体的长臂端部。西氏鲍中约75%的中期细胞均检出3对45S rDNA位点,分别位于6号染色体短臂端部、14号和17号染色体长臂端部。绿鲍中约85%的中期细胞均检出3对45S rDNA位点,分别位于4号、6号和8号染色体长臂的端部。杂色鲍中约65%的中期细胞均检出3对45S r DNA,位点,分别位于3号、4号和12号染色体短臂的端部。此外,4种鲍均有少数中期相的45S rDNA位点数高于众数,这提示,除了明确的45S rDNA位点外,4种鲍可能均有若干个不稳定的45S rDNA位点。实验结果丰富了鲍细胞遗传学研究资料,同时为鲍的遗传育种研究提供了基础数据。国家自然科学基金(U1605213)~

四种鲍45S rDNA在染色体上的比较定位

为了研究皱纹盘鲍、西氏鲍、绿鲍和杂色鲍等4种鲍的核型特征，实验利用荧光原位杂交（fluorescence in situ hybridization,，FISH）比较定位了这4种鲍的45S rDNA位点。皱纹盘鲍中，约83%的中期细胞检出2对45S rDNA位点，分别位于13号和16号染色体的长臂端部。西氏鲍中，约75%的中期细胞检出3对45S rDNA位点，分别位于6号染色体短臂端部、14号和17号染色体长臂端部。绿鲍中，约85%的中期细胞检出3对45S rDNA位点，分别位于4号、6号和8号染色体长臂的端部。杂色鲍中，约65%的中期细胞检出3对45S rDNA位点，分别位于3号、4号和12号染色体短臂的端部。此外，4种鲍均有少数中期相的45S rDNA位点数高于众数，这提示除了明确的45S rDNA位点外，4种鲍可能均有若干个不稳定的45S rDNA位点。研究结果丰富了鲍细胞遗传学研究资料，为鲍的遗传育种研究提供了基础数据

Distribution pattern of PAHs in Jiulong River Estuary by both measurement and simulation

于2011年12月(冬季)在厦门九龙江河口及西港采集9个表层海水水样,采用固相萃取—气质联用方法(SPE-GC-MS)分析其中16种多环芳烃含量。研究结果表明,总溶解态态∑PAH含量为157.9~858.0 ng/L。在河口区,随着盐度升高,PAHs含量逐渐降低。基于比值法分析,表明厦门九龙江及西港海域海水中的PAHs来源存在多种途径,呈现混合来源的态势。利用LEVEL III逸度模型研究菲,芘和苯并(a)芘在各介质间的分布以及水——气界面的交换通量。模拟结果与本文实测和文献中的实测值相吻合。在16℃时,三种多环芳烃的大气沉降通量分别为17.38,7.86和8.38μg/day/m2。其中菲在大气沉降中占主导地位,约三分之二。三种多环芳烃的大气沉降通量均随温度升高而减少。当温度高于32℃时,苯并(a)芘开始从水体释放。The concentration of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons( PAHs) of nine water samples,collected in the Jiulong River Estuary in December,2011,were analyzed using the SPE-GC-MS method. The results showed that the concentration range of total dissolved PAHs( ΣPAHs) was from 157. 9 to 858. 0 ng / L. The horizontal distribution illustrated that the concentration of ΣPAHs decreased as salinity increased. Based on ratio analysis,PAHs have complicated sources. A Level III fugacity model was developed to simulate the multimedia fate of PAHs and to study the air-water exchange fluxes of three PAHs( phenanthrene,pyrene,benzo[a]pyrene) in the Jiulong River Estuary. The calculated concentration of PAHs was similar to that measured in this study or reported in earlier literature. At 16℃,the net atmosphere deposition fluxes of these PAHs were 17. 38,7. 86 and 8. 38 μg / day / m2. Phenanthrene was predominant in the atmospheric deposition. The net atmospheric deposition fluxes of these PAHs all decreased with tem-perature. When the temperature was above 32. 0℃,benzo[a]pyrene was released from the water into the air.国家自然科学基金(40776044);; 福建省自然科学基金(2012J05078);; 福建省杰出青年科学基金(2014J06014);; 中央高校基本科研专项(20720140507

Application of immobilized microorganism in bioremediation of polluted water involved in mariculture and harmful algal blooms

固定化微生物技术作为一种新型的生物修复技术,具有高效、稳定、生物安全性较高等特点,已经广泛应用于各种污染水体的净化修复之中,也包括受污染日益严峻的近海养殖水体。综述从固定化微生物技术的出现和应用出发,对不同固定方法的优劣及其所擅长降解的污染物类型进行对比,对不同载体的特点进行分析,总结了固定化微生物技术在近海养殖水体污染修复的研究概况,并对当前该技术应用存在的问题进行分析和未来研究的方向进行展望。Immobilized microorganism is newly applied in bioremediation, which is high efficient, stabile and safe.Recently, it has been widely used in the purification of various polluted water, including the increasingly serious pollution of the offshore aquaculture water.This paper we first introduce the method of immobilized microorganism technology and the selection of carrier.Then we summarize the research advance in application of immobilized microorganism technology in the seriously polluted offshore aquaculture water.Finally we analyze the current problems existing in the application of the technology and discuss the future research needs.海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(No.201305016;201305022); 国家基金委-山东省联合基金项目(No.U1406403

PURIFICATION of P49 ANTIGEN GENE PRODUCT of TRICHINELLA SPIRALLS EXPRESSED IN ESCHERICHIA COLI

目的建立旋毛虫P49抗原基因原校表达产物的纯化方法。方法菌体经冻融、超声破菌及提取包涵体后，用离子交换和凝胶过滤层析纯化蛋白质。结果纯化后的融合蛋白P49/gST经SdS-PAgE电冰鉴定达电泳纯。双抗体夹心ElISA法检测结果表明纯化的P49/gST融合蛋白能与旋毛虫感染的鼠血清和纯化融合蛋白免疫的兔血清反应，而不与正常民和兔血清反应。结论纯化后的融合蛋白P49/gST具有较高的纯度及较强的免疫活性，可望作为旅毛虫病的免疫诊断抗原。Aim To establish a purification procedure for p49 antigen gene product of Trichinella spiralis expressed inEschedchia coli.Methods After centrifugation of the bacterial culture, the bacterial pellet was resuspended and lysed byfreezing-thawing treatment and ultrasonication.Ion exchanged and gel filtration chromatography were used to purify the fu-sion protein p49/GST from the inclusion bodies- Re8ultS The purity of the fusion protein p49/GST was verified using SDS-PAGE.The purified p49/GST protein could react with mouse antisera against Tricinella sPiralis and rabbit antisera againstpurified p49/GST protein, but not with normal mouse and rabbit sera by sandwich EL1SA.Concluslon The purified fusionprotein p49/GST with high purity and good immune activity could be used for the immune aasay of trichinellosis.福建省重点（农医）项目!95－Z－15

Cytological studies on artificially gynogenetic Haliotis diversicolor

应用组织切片方法,比较观察了杂色鲍普通二倍体、人工诱导三倍体、人工诱导雌核发育单倍体和雌核发育二倍体在成熟分裂和第一次卵裂期间的细胞学变化,以探讨人工诱导杂色鲍雌核发育的细胞学机制。结果表明,精子经紫外线辐射进行遗传失活处理后,仍然能够进入卵子,并激动卵子发育,卵子能够正常完成两次减数分裂,与普通受精卵没有明显差别。精子入卵后形成精核,大多能够逐渐解凝、液化并膨大,最终形成形态正常的雄性原核,但在第一次卵裂早期退化成浓缩的染色质小体(DCB),并在胞质分裂时随机地分配到其中一个子细胞里的分裂沟附近。在人工诱导三倍体和雌核发育二倍体受精卵中,受精卵经细胞松弛素B处理后,染色单体在第二次成熟分裂期分离,但胞质分离受抑制,留在卵质中的两套染色体形成两个染色质团,并发育成两个雌性原核。To obtain useful information about the mechanism of the artificial induction of gynogenesis in Haliotis diversicolor,we observed the cytological images of diploid control group,triploid group,haploid gynogenetic group and diploid gynogenetic group during meiosis and first cleavage.After being incorporated into the egg cytoplasm,the UV-irradiated sperm nuclei could activate eggs to complete meiosis,and sperm nuclei discondensed gradually,liquefied and expanded.Most sperm nuclei eventually developed into the male pronuclei,just like the normal sperms,except that sperm nuclei in a few zygotes kept dense throughout the fertilization process.Dense chromosome body(DCB)was seen at the nuclear area during the prophase of first mitosis,and in the middle of spindle at metaphase of first mitosis.At completion of cytokinesis of first cleavage,the DCB was seen in the cytoplasm of one of the two blastmeres near the cleavage furrow.In the cytochalasin B-treated group,both sets of female chromosomes hold in cytoplasm for chromosomes segregated as in normal zygote but the cytoplasm division was inhibited,formed two chromatin bodies and eventually developed into two pronuclei.国家“八六三”高技术发展计划(2006AA10A407

Preliminary Studies on Hybridization Between Japanese Stock and Taiwan Stock of Haliotis diversicolor

采用杂色鲍日本群体(RB)和台湾群体(TW)进行群体间杂交及群体内自繁,得到RB♀×TW♂、TW♀×RB♂、TW♀×TW♂和RB♀×RB♂4个组合的F1代.对这些交配组合的卵径、受精率、胚胎发育速度、幼体附着率、幼体变态率、幼体存活率以及稚贝早期生长进行了比较.结果表明,杂交组与自繁组在卵径、受精率以及胚胎发育速度方面并无显著的差别,但杂交组在幼体附着率、幼体变态率、幼体存活率以及稚贝早期生长方面,与自繁组相比表现出不同程度的杂种优势.TW♀×RB♂组8 d的存活率杂种优势达到40.6%,RB♀×TW♂组25 d壳长的杂种优势达到48.6%.实验初步显示,不同地理群体间的杂交将可能是养殖杂色鲍遗传改良的有效途径.F_1 generation of 4 groups,Japanese(RB)♀× Taiwan(TW)♂,TW♀×RB♂,TW♀× TW♂and RB♀×RB♂were obtained from mating and crossing within and between Japanese stock and Taiwan stock of Haliotis diversicolor.Comparisons of egg size,fertilization rate,embryonic development rate,larval settlement rate,larval metamorphosis rate,larval survival rate and postlarval growth among four groups were made.The results revealed that there were no significant differences on egg size,fertilization rate,and embryonic development rate.But the hybridization groups showed heterosis of various degrees on larval settlement rate,larval metamorphosis rate,larval survival rate and postlarval growth compared to self-fertilized groups.Heterosis of survival reached 40.6% in TW♀×RB♂(Day 8) and heterosis of growth achieved 48.6% in RB♀×TW♂(Day 25).It is indicated that the cross between geographically different stocks may be an effective way for genetic improvement of small abalone Haliotis diversicolor.国家“863”计划(2003AA603240)资