Research of main quality traits of cultured and wild Porphyra haitanensis in Fujian

坛紫菜是福建省优良的栽培海藻之一，它营养价值高，是人类理想的保健食品。当前由于坛紫菜育种和育苗技术落后，导致其种质退化、抗病力减弱、产量和质量下降，因此培育出种质优良的坛紫菜品系是非常必要的。对坛紫菜种质资源的品质性状进行鉴定和评价是坛紫菜育种研究的前提，因为没有优良的种质资源，就不可能育成优良的坛紫菜品系。本研究以福建省平潭县的栽培、野生坛紫菜和经60Co-γ射线辐照的突变体为材料，分析了它们的蛋白质、叶绿素、藻胆蛋白、游离氨基酸含量之间的差异，同时通过硫酸铵分级分离和柱层析法纯化出别藻蓝蛋白，为藻胆蛋白的进一步研究建立了稳定的基本方法。品质性状的分析结果表明平潭县的栽培、野生坛紫菜样品中，...Porphyra haitanensis is one of important economic cultured seaweeds in Fujian province.It has high nutritive value and is an ideal health food for mankind.Because breeding and cultivation in P.haitanensis drop behind in technique at present,it leads to the fact that germplasm degradates,disease resistance weakens,output and quality drop, so it is necessary to breed high quality strains of P.haita...学位：理学硕士院系专业：生命科学学院生物学系_动物学学号：20012601

Metaproteomics of particulate organic matter and dissolved organic matter in the South China Sea

海洋有机物（包括颗粒和溶解有机物）是全球最大的碳库之一，在全球碳循环中发挥着非常重要的作用。海洋有机物的来源、组成和降解及保护机制研究对深入了解海洋碳的生物地球化学过程和全球气候调节具有重要意义。 本论文将鸟枪蛋白质组学方法应用于海洋有机物研究领域，建立了海洋有机物宏蛋白质组学研究方法，并结合生物信息学分析，比较研究了南海不同站位和不同水层颗粒和溶解有机物的蛋白组成特征，筛选、确认了与海区、水层生物组成特征相关的蛋白质生物标志物，揭示了海区颗粒和溶解性蛋白的生源性来源、分子功能、生物学过程以及蛋白的再矿化和抗降解机制。主要研究结果如下： （1）优化了海洋颗粒有机物蛋白提取方法，并运用鸟枪蛋...Marine organic matter, including particulate and dissolved organic matter,is one of the largest carbon pools in the world and plays a very important role in global carbon cycle. The study of sources, composition and mechanism of degradation and protection of marine organic matters will provide in-depth understanding of marine carbon biogeochemistry and global climate regulation. This thesis dev...学位：理学博士院系专业：海洋与环境学院环境科学与工程系_环境科学学号：2262007015392

Allophycocyanin Purification from Porphyra haitanensis and Studies on Spectrum of Eluting Fractions

以福建省平潭县坛紫菜(Porphyra haitanensis)为材料,采用硫酸铵分级分离和柱层析法纯化别藻蓝蛋白(APC),并对纯化的条件进行了详细的探讨。研究结果表明:采用30%~35%饱和硫酸铵沉淀、Tris-HC l(pH=8.0)作为洗脱缓冲液、DEAE-Sephadex-A-50作为层析介质,所获得的APC的纯度和回收率分别为3.50和70.2%;SDS-PAGE表明APC有α和β两个亚基,分子量分别为18.9 kD和17.7 kD。因此该方法对于从坛紫菜中快速纯化APC是适合的。采用光谱分析研究柱洗脱组分,结果表明:坛紫菜中含有分子结构为(αβ)6γ的“双峰型”R-PE,含有结构为(αβ)3的R-PC,含有结构为(αβ)3的APC-Ⅱ。Allophycocyanin from Porphyra haitanensis collected in Pingtan County of Fujian Province was purified using ammonium sulfate precipitation and column chromatography.Meanwhile,factors of purification were studied in detail.The results showed that using 30%-35% of the saturation ammonium sulfate precipitation,Tris-HCl(pH=8.0)as eluting buffering and DEAE-Sephadex-A-50 as(chromatogra-)(phic) adsorbent;the purity and rate of recovery of allophycocyanin obtained were 3.50 and 70.2%,(respectively).SDS-PAGE demonstrated the presence of two subunits,α and β,with Mr(18.9 kD) and(17.7 kD),respectively.Therefore the method was suitable for quick purification of allophycocyanin from P.haitanensis.At the same time,the fractions collected from column were researched by analysis of spectrum.The findings indicated that P.haitanensis contained the R-phycoerythrin with two absorption peaks which had the polypeptide composition(αβ)_6γ,the R-phycocyanin which had the polypeptide composition(αβ)_3 and allophycocyanin-II which had the polypeptide composition(αβ)_3.国家海洋863项目(2002A603023)资

化橘红多糖对小鼠的免疫调节作用

天然多糖类化合物如蘑菇、地衣和藻类多糖由于具有抗肿瘤和免疫增强的作用[1],在医药领域已经受到人们愈来愈广东省科技计划项目(2006B20201037)资

Analysis of the Traits of Porphyra haitaensis Mutants

以福建省的栽培坛紫菜6、0Co-γ射线辐照的突变体为材料,分析研究了它们的蛋白质、叶绿素、藻胆蛋白、游离氨基酸含量之间的差异。分析结果表明:在相同的海况条件下,突变品系NY3显著高于当地的栽培品系GL1和LPZ;所有的突变体的叶绿素含量低于栽培坛紫菜GL1;3个突变体的总藻胆蛋白含量高于栽培坛紫菜,2个突变体的游离氨基酸含量高于栽培坛紫菜。研究结果说明坛紫菜突变体之间种质的差异是很大的,这种种质之间的差异为坛紫菜优良品种选育提供了丰富的资源。In this thesis,the amount content of proteins,chlorophyll,phycobiliprotein and free amino acids are analyzed from cultured Porphyra haitanensis in Fujian province,as well as the mutants by ~(60)Co-γ ray.The analysis results show that the mutant NY3 is notably higher than the local cultured strains GL1 and LPZ.The content of chlorophyll of all of mutant samples are lower than the cultured strain GL1.Three of the mutant samples are higher than the cultured samples.The content of free amino acids of two of mutant samples are higher than the cultured samples.The results indicate that there are great difference among the Porphyra haitanensis mutant in quality,which could offer abundant resources for strain breeding.国家海洋863项目(2002A603023

Effect of lecithin on the glutathione S-transferase, glutathione pheroidase activitiesand DNA integrity of juvenile Plectorynchus cinctus

采用不同卵磷脂添加量的配合饲料投喂花尾胡椒鲷(Plectorhyncchuscinctus)幼鱼,同步测定幼鱼的谷胱甘肽-硫-转移酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性以及DNA完整程度。结果表明,谷胱甘肽-硫-转移酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性随着饲料中卵磷脂含量的增加而提高,而DNA单链断裂程度随着饲料中卵磷脂含量的增加而减少。这提示卵磷脂能够提高鱼体的抗氧化防御系统的机能。The experiment was conducted to determine the effects of supplemental lecithin in the diet on juvenile Plectorhynchus cinctus. Five isocaloric diets were formulated by the addition of different levels (0,2,4,6,8g/100g diet) of soybean lecithin. The diets were fed to the five groups of juvenile Plectorhynchus cinctus for ten days. The glutathione S- transferase (GST) and glutathione pheroidase (GPx) activities, DNA integrity of juvenile Plectorhynchus cinctus were as- sayed simultaneously. The results indicated that the GST and GPx activities were elevated with increasing of lecithin levels in the diets, the extent of DNA single breaks decreased with the increasing of lecithin levels in the diets. This suggested that lecithin would enhance the function of the antioxidant defend system in the fish.福建省自然科学基金资助项目(139910007

Analysis of Character of Porphyra haitaensis from Sea Area of Pingtang County in Fujian Province

以福建省平潭县主要栽培的坛紫菜品种和来自平潭县不同海域的野生坛紫菜为材料,测定不同样品主要品质性状等指标;同时对不同样品进行了活体吸收光谱的检测.结果显示:3种性状在不同紫菜样品中存在着显著的差异,而且不同样品之间的活体吸收光谱也存在明显的不同.野生坛紫菜NH蛋白质含量最高,每100g干紫菜中含量可达43.49±1.29g,而未经选育的坛紫菜DXY仅为24.85±2.0g;叶绿素含量最高的为优良品种GL1,最低的为野生坛紫菜JJS.藻胆蛋白含量与总蛋白含量呈正相关,其含量最高的仍为野生坛紫菜NH(4.488g/100g).对于每一个紫菜样品,藻红蛋白含量都大于藻蓝蛋白,藻蓝蛋白含量大于别藻蓝蛋白.The content of the main characters in the mostly cultured Porphyra haitanensis and the wild P.haitanesis in different islands collected in Pingtan County were determined.At the same time in vivo absorption spectra of different samples were observed. The results showed that three of characters were distinctly different in different samples of P.haitanensis.But in vivo absorption spectra of different samples were obviously different.The wild P.haitanesis NH had the highest content of the protein (43.49±1.29 g/100 g),but the cultured P.haitanensis DXY which was not selected was only 24.85±2.0 g/100 g;the content of chlorophyll in fine cultured P.haitanensis GL1 was the highest,but the content of chlorophyll in wild P.haitanesis JJS was the lowest.Their total amount of phycobiliprotein had a positive correlation (r=0.6201) with their total amount of protein in different P.haitanensis and the wild P.haitanesis NH had also the highest content of phycobiliprotein.(4.488 g/100 g).For the every P.haitanensis,its phycoerythrin content was higher than its phycocyanin content,but its allophycocyanin content was lower than its phycocyanin content.福建省重大农业科技项目(2001A017);; 国家海洋863项目(2002A603023)资

Responses of Nannochloropsis oceanica IMET1 to Long-Term Nitrogen Starvation and Recovery

National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2010CB428702]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41206126]; University of Maryland Center for Environmental Sciences [4755]; Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology [13106]The Nannochloropsis genus contains oleaginous microalgae that have served as model systems for developing renewable biodiesel. Recent genomic and transcriptomic studies on Nannochloropsis species have provided insights into the regulation of lipid production in response to nitrogen stress. Previous studies have focused on the responses of Nannochloropsis species to short-term nitrogen stress, but the effect of long-term nitrogen deprivation remains largely unknown. In this study, physiological and proteomic approaches were combined to understand the mechanisms by which Nannochloropsis oceanica IMET1 is able to endure long-term nitrate deprivation and its ability to recover homeostasis when nitrogen is amended. Changes of the proteome during chronic nitrogen starvation espoused the physiological changes observed, and there was a general trend toward recycling nitrogen and storage of lipids. This was evidenced by a global down-regulation of protein expression, a retained expression of proteins involved in glycolysis and the synthesis of fatty acids, as well as an up-regulation of enzymes used in nitrogen scavenging and protein turnover. Also, lipid accumulation and autophagy of plastids may play a key role in maintaining cell vitality. Following the addition of nitrogen, there were proteomic changes and metabolic changes observed within 24 h, which resulted in a return of the culture to steady state within 4 d. These results demonstrate the ability of N. oceanica IMET1 to recover from long periods of nitrate deprivation without apparent detriment to the culture and provide proteomic markers for genetic modification