Development and Preliminary Application of Communicative Response to Middle School Students’ Friendship Jealousy Scale

中学生处于从稚嫩走向相对成熟的特殊发展阶段，他们需要得到周边人群乃至社会大众的认可，也有着强烈的社交意愿，并通过人际交往而获得自我认同感和成就感。然而事与愿违的是，中学生普遍存在人际交往问题，常在处理与周边人的关系上显得不知所措。友谊嫉妒情境下的人际互动问题就是其中的一种。要想改善中学生作为嫉妒个体在友谊嫉妒爆发后的人际关系问题，就必须了解现今的中学生都采取何种方式沟通与表达自身情绪，从而对症下药、一一解决。因此，本研究希望能参照国外已有文献和相关量表并结合我国的社会文化背景，编制出一份具有较高信度、效度的青少年友谊嫉妒反应行为量表，为进一步评鉴我国青少年友谊嫉妒状况提供有效的工具。 本研究...As middle school students going through the transformation from childishness to maturity, they desire the recognition both from their own community and the general public. Meanwhile, they badly look forward to social life and hope to build up a sense of self-esteem and success through communicating. However, communicating problems exist among most of middle school students and lots of those studen...学位：文学硕士院系专业：新闻传播学院_传播学学号：3362013115301

Study advances in modeling for polyolefin particle growth

在聚烯烃生产过程中,聚烯烃颗粒粒径(大小及其分布)影响聚合速率、气力输送、后处理工序生产成本和最终的聚烯烃物性。为预测甚至调控生产过程中聚烯烃颗粒粒径,近期出现了许多烯烃聚合颗粒增长的模型化研究报道。本文简要介绍并比较了迄今所出现的主要聚合物颗粒增长模型,并指出如何用模型来描述聚合物颗粒增长情况。In the polyolefin preparation process,polymerization rate,fluid transport,and the cost of post-treatment after polymeric process and polymer properties may be affected by the polymer particle size and its distribution.In order to predict and control the polyolefin particle,many literatures report the models for polyolefin particle growth.In this paper,the main models on the particle growth are introduced and compared each other,while describing the mechanism of the polymer particle growth via model.中国石油化工股份有限公司福建炼油化工有限公司资助项目(G7808-06-ZS-1006

MONTE CARLO SIMULATION of SINGLE-/MULTI-ACTIVE SITE CATALYSTS FOR PROPYLENE POLYMERIZATION

采用MOnTE CArlO模拟技术研究了在不考虑聚合物颗粒内物料与热量传递效应及不存在氢气作用下的单、多活性种类催化剂催化的丙烯聚合动力学。探讨了聚合产率、催化剂活性中心分率以及多分散指数随时间的变化规律,并对单、多活性中心种类催化的反应体系分别作了比较。基于MOnTE CArlO方法的模型得出的聚合动力学结果与文献相一致。此外,由MOnTE CArlO模拟也得到,催化剂多活性中心种类的性质对聚合产物的分布性质有很大影响;以多分散指数而言,多活性中心种类催化剂催化得到的聚丙烯多分散指数要比单活性中心种类催化剂催化得到的产物多分散指数宽。A Monte Carlo model was established to describe the propylene polymerization kinetics catalyzed by single-or multi-active site catalyst,ignoring the effects of intraparticle mass and heat transfer and the effect of hydrogen.Corresponding propylene polymerization kinetic data,including polymerization yield,concentration transformation of catalyst active sites,polydispersity etc.,were obtained via the model.Comparisons of the kinetic results between the polymerization catalyzed by the single-active site catalyst and the multi-active site type catalyst were conducted via the model.The simulated kinetic results are found to be in agreement with the reference ones obtained experimentally.The studied results showed that nature of multi-active site type could have a significant influence on polymer distribution properties.As of the polydispersity(PDI),polypropylene catalyzed by multi-active site type catalyst has a broader PDI than the one catalyzed by the single-site catalyst,under the same reaction circumstance.中国石油兰州石油化工研究中心课题(2007019);固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室(厦门大学)课题(200505)项目资

STEADY-STATE MODELING of COMMERCIAL LIQUID PHASE BULK PROPYLENE POLYMERIZATION

采用POlyMErS PluS软件对HyPOl聚丙烯工艺进行了模拟。建立了与现场流程及POlyMErS PluS软件均相匹配的模拟流程;采用PC-SAfT状态方程,并根据zIEglEr-nATTA催化体系的丙烯聚合机理,确定了丙烯聚合动力学。此外,通过文献提供的现场数据分析并确定了丙烯聚合动力学参数。最终建立了完整的HyPOl工艺流程模型。以采集的工业数据对模型进行验证,并采用模型考察了工业稳态操作下的主要工艺条件对丙烯聚合过程的影响。结果表明,模拟结果与工业现场采集数据比较吻合。随着H2进料量增加,聚合产品的熔融指数(MI)增大,数均相对分子质量(Mn)及其多分散分布指数(PdI)下降;催化剂及丙烯进料量的增加都将使各反应釜的聚合物产量增加。The HYPOL technology of polypropylene was simulated by Polymers Plus.First,a flowsheet which incorporates the actual technology into Polymers Plus was obtained.In addition,based on the perturbed-chain statistical associating fluid theory(PC-SAFT) and the propylene polymerization mechanism catalyzed by Ziegler-Natta catalyst,the propylene polymerization kinetics was obtained.Simultaneously,the polymerization kinetic parameters were obtained through the industrial dada provided via literature.Accordingly,the whole process model of the HYPOL technology was developed.The comparison between the simulated and plant data showed that they were in good agreement with each other.The model was also used to investigate the effects of the main operation parameters on the propylene polymerization under steady-state condition.The results indicated that the polymer melt index(MI) increased and the number average relative molecular mass(Mn) of the polymer and its polydispersity index(PDI) both decreased with the increase of the H2 flow rate.The polymer yield increased with the increase of the feed flow rate of catalyst and propylene.中国石油天然气股份有限公司兰州石油化工研究中心资助项

Intraparticle Mass and Heat Transport Model of Polypropylene in a Loop Reactor

针对环管反应器中zIEglEr-nATTA催化剂催化的聚丙烯颗粒增长过程,采用多层模型建立了聚丙烯颗粒内部的质量与热量传递预测模型。通过模型模拟得到聚丙烯颗粒内部的丙烯单体浓度梯度和温度梯度。此外,通过模型分析了聚丙烯颗粒的增长规律。结果表明,环管反应器中的聚丙烯颗粒内部的单体浓度梯度明显,该浓度梯度值随扩散系数的增大而减小,随催化剂初始粒径减小而减小;相比于浓度梯度而言,聚丙烯颗粒内部的温度梯度并不明显,温度值随聚合进行而增加,温度梯度则随催化剂初始粒径的增加而增加;不同大小的催化剂颗粒增长得到的聚丙烯颗粒的增长倍数不同。In the present study,the multilayer model(MLM)was used to describe the intraparticle mass and heat transport phenomena of polypropylene produced by propylene polymerization with the Ziegler-Natta catalyst in a loop reactor.Accordingly,the monomer concentration gradient and temperature gradient in the polymer particles and the rule of polymer particle growth were obtained based on the MLM.The results show that the intraparticle monomer concentration gradient is obvious,while the intraparticle temperature gradient is not so evident.Moreover,the simulated intraparticle monomer concentration gradient decreases with the increase of the value of the diffusion coefficient and decreases with the decrease of the original catalyst particle size.In addition,the intraparticle temperature increases with the increase of the polymerization time and the intraparticle temperature gradient increases with the increase of the catalyst original particle size.The results also show that the growth multiple of the polypropylene particle changes with the change of the original particle diameter of the catalyst.中国石油化工股份有限公司资助项目(x505029

ANALYSIS ON INFLUENCING FACTORS OF PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION IN PROPYLENE POLYMERIZATION LOOP REACTOR BASED ON PARTICLE POPULATION

在液相本体法环管反应器聚丙烯生产过程中,聚丙烯颗粒粒径分布影响聚合速率、气力输送、后处理工序生产成本和最终的聚丙烯物性,特别是对后续工序有流化床烯烃共聚的工艺有重要影响。为预测环管反应器中聚丙烯的粒径分布,考察各操作变量和动力学参数对聚丙烯粒径分布的影响,运用了粒群衡算方法。在综合分析环管反应器中物料流型、聚丙烯颗粒动力学和聚丙烯颗粒生长的基础上,建立了稳态操作时聚丙烯颗粒粒径分布预测模型。模型计算结果表明,当单一粒径催化剂进料时,随着催化剂粒径或是预聚合与主聚合反应温度的增加,聚丙烯粒径分布向大粒径方向偏移,且分布变宽;相比于反应温度,催化剂粒径作用更为显著。同时发现,丙烯进料流速对聚丙烯粒径分布的影响很小。在催化剂粒径有分布的情况下,不同粒径催化剂的质量比不但影响聚丙烯的平均粒径,而且也影响其粒径分布曲线,并在一定的质量比下会出现双峰颗粒粒径分布曲线。In a propylene polymerization loop reactor,polymerization rate,fluid transport,and cost of post-treatment after polymeric process and polymer properties may be affected by polymer particle size distribution,especially when a co-polymerization technology including olefin polymerization fluidized-bed reactor is followed.In order to investigate the effects of operation parameters and kinetics parameters on the polypropylene particle size distribution in the loop reactor,a steady-state particle size distribution model was developed,in which the flow type in the loop reactor,polypropylene particle dynamics and the particle growth were taken synthetically into account based on the mass balance and solid population balance.The result showed that for uniform size catalyst feed,by increasing either initial catalyst size or the reaction temperature of the main polymeric reactor,the polypropylene particle size distribution in loop reactors became boarder and shifted to larger size,in comparison with the reaction temperature,the effect of catalyst particle size was obvious.The effect of propylene feed rate on polypropylene particle size distribution was much smaller.It's also shown that the ratio of catalyst masses with different sizes in the case of multi-size catalyst feed strongly affected not only the average polypropylene particle size,but also the particle size distribution in the loop reactor.Bimodal polypropylene particle size distribution can be obtained by using a catalyst feed with a distinct particle size distribution.国家自然科学基金(20406016);; 中国石油化工股份有限公司福建炼油化工有限公司项目(G7808-06-ZS-1006)资

3μm中红外稀土掺杂光纤激光器研究进展

工作波长位于3μm的中红外光纤激光器,因其位于水分子以及诸多气体和生物分子的吸收峰,被广泛应用于激光医疗、遥感、大气监测、光谱学和军事领域。本论文首先介绍了3μm光纤激光器常用的光纤基质和稀土增益离子,分析了3μm稀土掺杂光纤激光器的工作原理,并且从不同研究视角回顾了3μm稀土掺杂光纤激光器的研究进展。其中,锁模中红外光纤激光器、小型化全光纤中红外激光器和3-4μm更长波长的中红外光纤激光器是目前研究的主要趋势和热点。随着3μm中红外光纤激光相关技术的迅速发展,结构更紧凑、性能更优异的3μm光纤激光器不断涌现,必将大大推动其商业化和实用化的进程,并更好地满足不同领域的应用需求

腔内滤波带宽对正色散束缚态孤子形成的影响

以被动锁模正色散掺镱(Yb)光纤激光器为研究对象,实验比较研究了激光腔内滤波带宽对产生正色散束缚态孤子的影响。采用高掺Yb光纤作为增益介质,半导体饱和吸收镜作为锁模部件,获得1064 nm全光纤线型腔锁模激光器。当腔内带通滤波器选用不同带宽(0.2,1.0,1.2,2.3 nm)时,观察到不同的皮秒锁模脉冲状态。在滤波带宽较小(0.2 nm)或较大(2.3 nm)时,仅产生稳定的单脉冲耗散孤子;相反地,在滤波带宽适中(1.0 nm或1.2 nm)时,分别观察到典型的相位差为π和-π/2束缚态耗散孤子,脉宽和脉冲间隔均分别为3 ps和14 ps。将束缚态耗散孤子激光通过主控振荡功率放大技术放大至1.4 W后,将其注入到光子晶体光纤中,获得了750～1600 nm超连续谱(10 dB谱宽),输出功率约为0.7 W,相比传统耗散孤子抽运具有更好的光谱平坦性。国家自然科学基金(91750115);;\n福建省杰出青年科学基金(2017J06016);;\n厦门大学校长基金(20720180057);;\n厦门大学南强青年拔尖人才支持计划\n福建省青年拔尖人才计

腔内滤波带宽对正色散束缚态孤子形成的影响

本文以被动锁模正色散掺Yb光纤激光器为研究对象,实验比较研究了激光腔内滤波带宽对产生正色散束缚态孤子的影响。采用高掺Yb光纤作为增益介质,半导体饱和吸收镜作为锁模部件,获得1064 nm全光纤线型腔锁模激光器。当腔内带通滤波器选用不同带宽(0.2 nm、1 nm、1.2 nm或2.3 nm)时,观察到不同的皮秒锁模脉冲状态。在滤波带宽较小(0.2 nm)或较大(2.3 nm)时,仅产生稳定的单脉冲耗散孤子;相反地,在滤波带宽适中(1 nm或1.2 nm)时,我们分别观察到典型的相位差为π和-π/2束缚态耗散孤子,脉宽和脉冲宽度都分别为～3 ps和～14 ps。进一步,将束缚态耗散孤子激光通过主控振荡功率放大(MOPA)技术放大至1.4 W后,注入到光子晶体光纤中获得了750-1600 nm超连续谱(10dB谱宽)、输出功率～0.7 W,相比传统耗散孤子泵浦具有更好的光谱平坦性

噬菌体抗体库固相筛选条件的初步研究

目的:探讨噬菌体抗体库的固相筛选条件,为筛选方案的设计提供实验依据。方法:利用多种针对HEVNE2蛋白的特异性噬菌体人源抗体和非特异性噬菌体人源抗体,对噬菌体抗体与抗原的结合时间、抗原包被的浓度、洗涤强度和洗脱方式等多种筛选的条件进行初步探索。结果:阳性噬菌体抗体与抗原反应1min,就可较好结合,洗涤次数为20～30次、洗涤液的pH为5时,筛选得到的阳性率最高。包被抗原的浓度对筛选的阳性率没有明显影响,用10mg/L抗原竞争洗脱60min,可得到较高的阳性率。结论:噬菌体抗体库的筛选是一个非常复杂的过程,其中的各个条件之间有着密切的联系,应该根据具体情况进行调整