Synthesis, Characterization and their Interfacial Properties of Polymer Electrolytes for Secondary Lithium Batteries

聚合物锂二次电池由于具有高能量密度、可加工成任意形状以及较为安全可靠等优点而可望成为最有希望的新一代电源之一。PEO基聚合物电解质因其可能替代传统锂离子电池中的液体电解质，成为全固态聚合物锂二次电池中的电解质材料而长期受到广泛关注。但是，在其实现商品化生产之前，尚有许多实际问题需要解决。首先，PEO基聚合物电解质的室温电导率较低，不能满足实际需要，因此提高其室温电导率是当前应该解决的首要问题；其次，金属锂作为负极材料，它与聚合物电解质的界面相容性严重影响着电池的循环性能和安全性。 为此，本文主要针对上述问题进行了研究，并取得以下成果： 1.通过FTIR光谱技术研究了P(EO)n-LiX(X...The rechargeable lithium polymer batteries are considered as one of the best candidates for next generation power sources due to their high energy density, good cyclability, reliability and safety. PEO-based polymer electrolytes have received extensive attentions for their potential capability to be used as alternative candidate materials for the traditional liquid electrolytes in all solid-state ...学位：理学博士院系专业：化学化工学院化学系_物理化学(含化学物理)学号：B20032503

Solid-State NMR Studies of Silicate Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batterie

本报告开展了固体NMR谱在锂离子电池正极材料中的的应用研究，以Li2MSiO4（M=Mn、Fe）为具体研究对象，结合XRD、FTIR等谱学手段，考察了不同合成条件对硅酸盐材料的晶体微结构的影响，重点研究了材料在充放电过程中的结构变化对其电化学性能的影响。 对Li2MnSiO4的NMR研究表明，该材料的晶相组成包括空间群为Pmnb、Pmn21的正交相和空间群为P21/n的单斜相。通过选择不同的合成条件，在一定程度内可以调控材料的晶相组成。如在合成温度较低时，以正交相为主；较高时，以单斜相为主。其中，两种空间对称性的正交相也会随着条件变化而发生两相转化的情况。对Li2MnSiO4/Li4SiO4...In this report, Li2MSiO4（M=Mn、Fe）have been studied by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (SS-NMR), XRD, and FTIR. SS-NMR technique was used to study the micro-structure of a series of silicate materials at different synthesis conditions, focusing on the structure in the process of charging and discharging. For the Li2MnSiO4, the NMR results showed the material consists of orthorh...学位：博士后院系专业：物理与机电工程学院物理学系_凝聚态物理学号：200817102

Progress in the Study of Solid/Solid Interface between Lithium Electrode and Polymer Electrolytes in Lithium Polymer Batteries

综述了聚合物锂电池中锂/聚合物电解质电化学固/固界面的研究进展。通过与锂/液体电解质体系进行比较,简要介绍了在锂/聚合物电解质界面上发生的电化学反应、锂钝化层形成及其对界面反应的影响,并侧重讨论了传统电化学方法和谱学方法,特别是现场分析技术在电化学固/固界面研究中的应用。总结了锂/聚合物电解质界面的几种不同改善途径。Recent advance in the research of solid/solid interface between lithium electrode and polymer electrolytes(PE) in lithium polymer batteries is reviewed.Compared with Li/nonaqueous systems,the electrochemical reaction at the Li/PE interface and the influence of passivation layer on the electrochemical reaction are briefly introduced.The applications of different sophisticated electrochemical methods and spectroscopic methods,especially the in situ analysis techniques in Li/PE solid/solid system are discussed.In addition,different approaches for improving Li/PE interface include surface modifications of Li-metal in the literature are also summarized.国家自然科学基金项目(No.20473068,29925310);; 教育部霍英东优秀青年教师基金项目资

FTIR Characterization of Ion Association and Phase Composition in PEO-based Polymer Electrolytes

通过FTIR光谱技术对P(EO)nLiX[X=N(SO2CF3)2,SCN,ClO4](n=4～60)聚合物电解质的离子缔合行为进行了研究,结果表明在PEO-LiSCN体系中缔合现象较为严重.在高浓度时LiSCN主要以离子对、离子簇以及二聚体形式存在,自由离子含量较少.而对于LiTFSI和LiClO4体系,则以自由离子形式为主.随着锂盐的加入,由于其阴离子的增塑作用使聚氧化乙烯(PEO)中的晶相成分逐渐向无定形相转化.当锂盐含量增加到一定程度,体系中会有不同晶相复合物的形成.FTIR spectra of P(EO)nLiX X=N(SO2CF3)2,SCN,ClO4 polymer electrolytes have been ob-tained for ethylene oxide/Li ratios from 60∶1 to 4∶1. It was shown that ion association in the PEO-LiSCN system is more serious than in the other two systems. At a high LiSCN concentration,contact ion pairs,triple ions and dimers are main ion species in the polymer electrolytes. However,free ions are main ion species in PEO-LiTFSI and PEO-LiClO4 systems. When Li salt was added into PEO,a plastizing role of Li salt anions can lead to transformation of a crystalline phase of PEO into an amorphous phase. When Li salt content ex-ceeds a certain value,some kinds of crystalline complexes will be formed in PEO-LiX systems.国家自然科学基金(Nos.20473068,29925310);; 教育部霍英东优秀青年教师基金资助项目

State-of-art of research on composite polymer electrolytes for rechargeable lithium batteries

介绍了可充锂电池用聚合物电解质的分类、优越性及其新进展。重点介绍了聚环氧乙烷(PEO)基复合聚合物电解质材料的研究现状,指出近年来纳米复合聚合物电解质的出现为可充锂电池的实用化提供了新的希望。此外,还讨论了纳米无机惰性填料在提高电解质电导率、改善锂/电解质界面稳定性及锂离子迁移数方面的作用机理。Classification, advantages and stateofart of research on polymer electrolyte for rechargeable Li batteries were introduced. The stateofart of research of composite polymer electrolyte (CPE) materials based on polyethylene oxide (PEO) were described emphatically. The development of nanosized CPE on the commercialization was also presented. Moreover, the mechanisms of improving the conductivity of electrolyte, modifying the stability of Li/electrolyte interface and enhancing the number of Liion transference with inorganic inert filler in nano size were discussed.国家杰出青年科学基金资助(29925310);; 教育部霍英东优秀年轻教师基金资助(71014

Musical Expertise Has Minimal Impact on Dual Task Performance

Studies investigating effect of practice on dual task performance have yielded conflicting findings, thus supporting different theoretical accounts about the organisation of attentional resources when tasks are performed simultaneously. Because practice has been proven to reduce the demand of attention for the trained task, the impact of long-lasting training on one task is an ideal way to better understand the mechanisms underlying dual task decline in performance. Our study compared performance during dual task execution in expert musicians compared to controls with little if any musical experience. Participants performed a music recognition task and a visuo-spatial task separately (single task) or simultaneously (dual task). Both groups showed a significant but similar performance decline during dual tasks. In addition, the two groups showed a similar decline of dual task performance during encoding and retrieval of the musical information, mainly attributed to a decline in sensitivity. Our results suggest that attention during dual tasks is similarly distributed by expert and non-experts. These findings are in line with previous studies showing a lack of sensitivity to difficulty and lack of practice effect during dual tasks, supporting the idea that different tasks may rely on different and not-sharable attentional resources

Progress in the study of solid/solid interface between lithium electrode and polymer electrolytes in lithium polymer batteries

Recent advance in the research of solid/solid interface between lithium electrode and polymer electrolytes (PE) in lithium polymer batteries is reviewed. Compared with Li/nonaqueous systems, the electrochemical reaction at the Li/PE interface and the influence of passivation layer on the electrochemical reaction are briefly introduced. The applications of different sophisticated electrochemical methods and spectroscopic methods, especially the in situ analysis techniques in Li/PE solid/solid system are discussed. In addition, different approaches for improving Li/PE interface include surface modifications of Li-metal in the literature are also summarized

FTIR characterization of ion association and phase composition in PEO-based polymer electrolytes

FTIR spectra of P(EO)(n)LiX [X=N(SO2CF3)(2), SCN, ClO4] polymer electrolytes have been obtained for ethylene oxide/Li ratios from 60 : 1 to 4 : 1. It was shown that ion association in the PEO-LiSCN system is more serious than in the other two systems. At a high LiSCN concentration, contact ion pairs, triple ions and dimers are main ion species in the polymer electrolytes. However, free ions are main ion species in PEO-LiTFSI and PEO-LiClO4 systems. When Li salt was added into PEO, a plastizing role of Li salt anions can lead to transformation of a crystalline phase of PEO into an amorphous phase. When Li salt content exceeds a certain value, some kinds of crystalline complexes will be formed in PEO-LiX systems

Suunnittelunohjaus metallilasirakenteiden hankinnassa

Tässä opinnäytetyössä käsitellään suunnittelunohjausta rakennuskohteiden julkisivuihin asennettavien metallilasirakenteiden hankinnassa. Työn tilaajana toimi NCC Suomi Oy. Metallilasirakenteiden lisääntyvä ostovolyymi rakennushankkeissa tarvitsee kriittistä tarkastelua rakenteiden ominaisuuksien lisääntyessä ja monimutkaistuessa. Asiaa tutkittiin yhdessä metallilasitoimittajien kanssa. Tavoitteena oli selvittää lasirakenteiden suurimmat kustannustekijät. Tutkimus suoritettiin kvalitatiivisena tutkimuksena. Syvähaastattelujen kohteena olivat NCC Suomi Oy:n yhteistyöyritysten edustajat, jotka vastaavat metallilasirakenteiden myynnistä yrityksessä. Kvalitatiivisen tutkimuksen lisäksi opinnäytetyön teoria-osiossa hyödynnettiin metallilasirakenteisiin liittyviä ohjeistuksia, määräyksiä ja muita tutkimuksia. Työn tuloksena selvitettiin metallilasirakenteiden merkittävimpiä kustannustekijöitä. Metallilasirakenteiden profiilien materiaali, lasien ruutukoko, lasin ominaisuudet sekä rakenteen värisävy vaikuttavat merkittävästi valmiin rakennustuotteen hintaan. Optimoimalla näitä ominaisuuksia rakennusliike pystyy tuottamaan kokonaisedullisen rakenneratkaisun tilaajan, suunnittelijoiden sekä metallilasitoimittajien kanssa yhteistyössä.This thesis discusses the design management of metal glass structures installed in building facades. The increasing purchase volume of metal glass structures in construction projects needs critical examination with the structures and their properties becoming more complex. The examiner's task was to investigate the matter together with metal glass suppliers with the aim to find out the major cost factors for metal glass structures. The study was conducted as a qualitative research. The interviewees were representatives of the partner companies of NCC Suomi Oy who are responsible for the sale of metal glass structures. In addition to the qualitative research, the theory section contains information relating to studies about the topic as well as guidelines and regulations for the use of the metal in glass structures. The examination resulted in finding out the most important cost factors of metal glass structures. The material of the profiles, the size of the glass panel, characteristics of the glass and the color tone of the structure significantly affect the cost of the finished metal glass structure. By optimizing these properties of the structural solution, construction companies will be able to produce affordable solutions in cooperation with the client, designers and as well with metal glass suppliers

Preparation and Electrochemical Performance of New Composite Seperators for Lithium- ion Batteries

通讯联系人,Tel: ( 86- 592) 2185753, E-mail: yyang@xmu. edu. cn[中文文摘]利用浸渍法在聚丙烯微孔膜( Celgard 2400) 表面涂覆掺有纳米二氧化硅的聚氧乙烯( PEO) , 制备了新型锂电池用复合隔膜. 采用交流阻抗法、扣式电池充放电等实验技术测试了复合隔膜的电化学性能.[英文文摘]New composite seperators for lithium ion batteries were prepared by coating PEO mixed with nanosize SiO2 onto microporous polypropylene( PP) seperators. Highly conductive electrolytes were prepared by soaking them in an electrolyte solution. With these composite separators, the lithium ion cell consisting of Li anode and LiNi0. 8Co0. 2O2 cathode were assembled. The high initial discharge capacity and good capacity retention were obtained through the cell.国家自然科学基金( 29925310, 20021002) , 霍英东优秀青年教师基金资