Research on Modeling and Control Technology of Unmanned Gyroplane

自转旋翼机是一种依靠空气来流驱使旋翼自转提供升力的旋翼类飞行器，具有机械结构简单、经济成本低、飞行安全性好等特点，有着广阔的应用前景。旋翼机理论建模置信度较低，空中飞行纵横向/高度速度控制耦合强，起降有其自身的特点与难点。本文研究了基于参数辨识的自转旋翼机建模技术，开展了全自主飞行控制的设计，进行了基于FlightGear平台的起降仿真，并实现了飞行演示验证。本文的主要研究内容如下： 本文开展基于有人操纵主动激励的气动参数辨识技术的自转旋翼机建模方法。合理设计有人驾驶旋翼机飞行参数采集方案，经过相干性简化模型结构、辨识精度评估以及时域模型验证，基于时域线性回归和频域方程误差的参数辨识算法获得...Rotary rotorcraft is a rotor-type aircraft that relies on the air to drive the rotor to rotate. Because of the gyroplane characteristics of simple mechanical structure, low economic cost and good flight safety, the unmanned gyroplane has wide application prospect. However, gyroplane theory modeling confidence is low, vertical/horizontal and hight/speed control coupling is strong, take-off/landing ...学位：工学硕士院系专业：航空航天学院_工程硕士(仪器仪表工程)学号：3202014115286

Underwater acoustic communication based on HFM rate keying

为了解决双曲调频二进制正交键控调制体系速率过低的问题,在传统二进制双曲调频率键控的基础上,提出了基于频带划分的制式级联啁啾率键控调制方法。这种调制方法用多进制频率键控来选通频段,在每个子频段内采用啁啾率键控解调模块,在解调端用快速傅里叶变换(ffT)和匹配滤波器代替分数阶傅里叶变换实现解调,从而大大减少了系统计算量。通过仿真及水池实验,验证了所提出的通信方法在水声通信中的抗噪性能与抗多径性能。实验结果表明,误码率控制在10-3数量级以下,具有一定的实用性。To solve the problem that the rate of HFM BOK modulation system is too slow,on the basis of the traditional binary hyperbolic frequency modulated(HFM)rate keying,this paper proposed standard cascade HFM rate keying modulation method based on frequency bands allocation.This modulation method uses multiple frequency shift keying to choose frequency band,adopts HFM rate keying demodulation module in every sub-band,and utilizes FFT and matched filter instead of FRFT to realize demodulation,so that it can decreases the calculation of the system largely.Through simulation and pool experiment,the proposed communication method has anti-noise and anti-multipath performance in underwater acoustic communication.Experimental results show that the bit error rate can be controlled below with a certain practicality.国家自然科学基金资助项目(61001142;61471308); 中央高校基础研究基金资助项目(2011121050

症状性颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄患者的认知功能及脑结构改变 Cognitive Function and Brain Structure Changes in Patients with Symptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis

目的 探索症状性颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄（intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis，ICAS）患者的认知功能和脑结构改变，为症状性ICAS相关的认知障碍防治提供依据。 方法 本研究连续入组2021年12月—2022年12月就诊于北京协和医院神经科门诊诊断为ICAS相关的卒中或TIA患者。同时纳入年龄、受教育年限一致符合入组标准并连续入组的健康对照组。进行临床资料收集、成套认知功能测评（整体认知以及记忆、执行、语言、视空间结构功能4个认知域）和3D结构T1 MRI检查。使用DPABISurf软件进行脑影像数据预处理，获得各脑区（总脑皮质、总脑白质、丘脑、壳核、尾状核、苍白球、海马、杏仁核）体积和总脑容积。比较组间认知功能差异、脑结构差异及其与认知功能的相关性。 结果 共纳入60例症状性ICAS患者[男性40例，平均年龄（57.68±10.95）岁]，包括48例卒中（其中13例梗死灶在认知关键部位即丘脑或基底节，35例梗死灶不在认知关键部位）和12例TIA。同时纳入51例健康对照[男性36例，平均年龄（59.33±6.87）岁]。其中34例症状性ICAS患者和51例健康对照完善了3D结构T1 MRI检查。①认知功能状况：校正年龄、受教育年限、性别、脑血管病危险因素的影响，发现症状性ICAS组MMSE、MoCA评分以及记忆、执行、语言、视空间结构功能Z分均低于对照组（P<0.05）。亚组分析显示，梗死灶在认知关键部位组MMSE、MoCA评分以及执行、语言功能Z分低于对照组，梗死灶不在认知关键部位组MMSE、MoCA评分以及语言功能Z分低于对照组，TIA组语言功能Z分低于对照组（多重比较校正P<0.05）。②脑结构改变：校正混杂因素后，症状性ICAS组双侧脑皮质、脑白质、丘脑、壳核、苍白球、海马和杏仁核体积均低于对照组（P<0.05）。③脑结构与认知功能的相关性：左脑皮质体积与MMSE评分（r=0.784，P<0.001）、MoCA评分（r=0.649，P=0.001）和视空间结构功能Z分（r=0.761，P<0.001）呈正相关；左脑白质体积与MMSE评分（r=0.593，P=0.004）和视空间结构功能Z分（r=0.655，P=0.001）呈正相关；左丘脑体积与视空间结构功能Z分呈正相关（r=0.574，P=0.007）；左苍白球体积与MMSE评分呈正相关（r=0.562，P=0.006）；左海马体积与MMSE评分（r=0.744，P<0.001）、MoCA评分（r=0.632，P=0.002）、执行功能Z分（r=0.574，P=0.008）和视空间结构功能Z分（r=0.790，P<0.001）呈正相关。 结论 症状性ICAS患者存在不同程度的认知功能受损，呈现出广泛的双侧皮质、白质及皮质下脑结构改变，左侧脑萎缩与认知功能明显下降有关。 Abstract: Objective This study was aimed to evaluate the cognitive function and brain structure changes in patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS), and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of symptomatic ICAS related cognitive impairment. Methods Patients diagnosed with ICAS related stroke or TIA were consecutively recruited in Department of Neurology of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from December 2021 to December 2022. A control group with matching age and educational background was also recruited. Participants went through clinical data collection, packaged cognitive function assessment (including global cognition and four cognitive domains: memory, executive, language and visuospatial structure function), and 3D structural T1 MRI examination. Software DPABISurf was used to preprocess the brain imaging data. The volume of each brain region (including total cortex, total white matter, thalamus, putamen, caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, hippocampus, amygdala) and estimated total intracranial volume were obtained. The inter-group differences of cognitive function, brain structure and its correlation with cognitive function were compared. Results A total of 60 patients with symptomatic ICAS [40 males, mean age of (57.68±10.95) years], including 48 patients with stroke [13 patients had infarcts in the key areas of cognition (i.e., thalamus or the basal ganglia), and 35 patients had infarcts not in the key areas of cognition] and 12 patients with TIA were recruited. 51 normal controls [36 males, mean age of (59.33±6.87) years] were recruited. Among the participants, 34 patients with symptomatic ICAS and 51 normal controls completed 3D structural T1 MRI examination. The result of comparation were the following. ①Cognitive function status: after adjusting age, educational background, gender and cerebrovascular disease risk factors, it was found that the MMSE, MoCA scores and Z scores of memory, executive, language and visuospatial structure function of the symptomatic ICAS group were lower compared with the controls (P<0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that the MMSE, MoCA scores and Z scores of executive, language function of the group with infarction at the key areas of cognition were lower compared with the controls; the MMSE, MoCA scores and Z score of language function of the group with infarction not at the key areas of cognition were lower compared with the controls; the Z score of language function of the TIA group was lower compared with the controls (multiple comparison corrected, P<0.05). ②Brain structures changes: after adjusting for confounding factors, it was found that patients with symptomatic ICAS showed brain volume reduction of bilateral cortex, white matter, thalamus, putamen, globus pallidus, hippocampus and amygdala compared with the controls (P<0.05). ③Correlations between brain structures and cognitive function: left cortex volume had a positive correlation with MMSE score (r=0.784, P<0.001), MoCA score (r=0.649, P=0.001) and Z score of visuospatial structure function (r=0.761, P<0.001); left white matter volume was positively correlated with MMSE score (r=0.593, P=0.004) and Z score of visuospatial structure function (r=0.655, P=0.001); left thalamus volume was positively correlated with Z score of visuospatial structure function (r=0.574, P=0.007); left globus pallidus volume was positively correlated with MMSE score (r=0.562, P=0.006); left hippocampus volume had a positive correlation with MMSE score (r=0.744, P<0.001), MoCA score (r=0.632, P=0.002), Z score of executive function (r=0.574, P=0.008) and visuospatial structure function (r=0.790, P<0.001). Conclusions Patients with symptomatic ICAS had different degrees of declined cognitive function. Symptomatic ICAS patients showed extensive bilateral cortical, white matter, and subcortical brain structural changes. The left brain atrophy was correlated with significant decline in cognitive function

黄河三角洲地区耐盐植物研究进展与展望

黄河三角洲地区土壤盐碱化程度高,引进耐盐植物改良该地区盐碱地是一种"治标又治本"的办法.但耐盐植物种类繁多,耐盐机制复杂,盲目引种只能加重生态破坏,因此,加强黄河三角洲地区盐碱地现状调查研究,改良培育适宜的耐盐植物是目前研究的重点.本文综述了黄河三角洲地区现状、耐盐植物种类特点、耐盐机制以及目前研究存在的问题和解决方法,为黄河三角洲地区耐盐植物的研发及盐碱地植物改良提供理论支持

羊草种子耐海水萌发特性初步研究

近年来,海水稻研究引起社会广泛关注。羊草作为耐盐碱乡土草种资源,尚未见羊草耐海水有关试验报道。本文选择S19和S11两份羊草种质,研究了不同海水浓度对种子萌发特性的影响,结果表明,羊草种子萌发率随海水浓度的增加而降低,萌发率与海水浓度呈明显负相关; S19比S11更耐受海水抑制;羊草胚根长度、第一片真叶长度均随海水浓度的增加而受到明显抑制,胚芽鞘所受抑制较小。这些结果对羊草种质资源的耐海水评价和新品种培育具有重要参考价值

羊草种质资源耐盐性评价

羊草[Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel.]是禾本科赖草属多年生优质牧草,具有较强的耐盐性,是非盐生植物中耐盐性最高的物种之一。本试验对100份羊草种质萌发和幼苗期耐盐性进行了评价。结果表明:盐胁迫下,羊草不同种质的萌发率为25. 33%～92. 67%,相对盐害率为-6. 31%～95. 54%,分为耐盐性极强、强、中、弱、极弱五种类型,其中耐盐性极强的种质如Z31、Z3、W36、C31等在盐胁迫下相对萌发率为85%左右;在1%Na Cl处理下,对盐敏感羊草种质的抑制作用大于对耐盐种质的抑制,盐胁迫对各器官的抑制强度不同,对根长的抑制大于对叶长的抑制,对胚芽鞘长度的影响差异不显著;不同时期盐处理的抑制效果不同,在一叶期的抑制作用大于萌发期;羊草萌发阶段盐敏感时期在第1～4d,此时进行盐处理对羊草的萌发率影响最大。这些结果对羊草种质资源的耐盐性评价和新品种培育具有重要参考价值,同时为羊草耐盐的分子作用机理和耐盐基因的挖掘提供了可靠的种质

羊草LcCBF6基因的表达特性和功能研究

羊草是我国重要的牧草和生态草资源,具有耐盐碱、耐旱、耐低温等特性,是天然的抗逆基因资源库。CBF/DREB属于AP2转录因子家族,在植物抗逆中发挥着重要作用。本研究克隆得到羊草LcCBF6(Leymus chinensis Crepeat binding factor 6)基因,该基因含有AP2结构域,编码245个氨基酸。氨基酸序列比对发现,LcCBF6与蒙古冰草和黑麦的CBF6蛋白的同源性分别为92%和91%。组织特异性表达模式分析表明,LcCBF6基因在羊草根、叶、种子中均有表达,且受盐胁迫诱导表达。过表达LcCBF6能显著提高转基因拟南芥的抗盐性。在盐胁迫条件下,转基因株系的绿色子叶数、根长、植株生物量以及存活率等均明显高于野生型。上述结果表明羊草LcCBF6基因在提高植物盐胁迫抗性方面发挥了重要的作用,将为牧草及重要农作物抗逆分子育种提供优异的基因资源

中科1号羊草在陕西佳县引种试验成功

中科1号羊草(Leymus chinensis "Zhongke No. 1")是由中国科学院植物研究所选育的国审育成品种,该品种市场需求大,种源远远不能满足需求。陕西省佳县是国贫县,根据其土壤气候资源,适合开展羊草种子繁殖,在收获良种的同时,饲草可用于饲喂牲畜,发展草畜加产业链。因此,本文采用三年引种试验数据评价了中科1号羊草品种引种到榆林佳县的适应性。结果表明:该品种田间发芽率56%,保苗率95%以上;第二年越冬率保持在98%以上,完成了从播种到新种子形成的有性生活史。进入生殖期的群体,抽穗率65. 51%,结实率76. 63%,千粒重2. 34g,发芽率76. 29%,种子产量426kg/hm~2;第一茬鲜草和干草产量分别为15 100 kg/hm~2和5 301 kg/hm~2。综上所述,中科1号羊草新品种适宜在佳县及同类地区种植,具有建设我国"黄土高原羊草种子繁殖基地"的巨大潜力,为我国农牧交错带和草原区生态修复提供乡土草种种源

嫦娥一号月球地形模型的一些应用研究/Some application researches based on lunar topography model of Chang'E-1 Orbiter[J]

利用嫦娥一号绕月卫星激光高度计数据获取得到的新的360阶次的地形模型CLTM-s03,开展了初步应用研究,包括对嫦娥一号CCD立体相机数据进行了校对,发现并了解立体相机分析中的约900 m的垂向系统误差;利用撞击坑计数法,基于标校后的照相数据对嫦娥一号地形中新发现的玉兔火山区域的年龄特征进行了分析;结合新的CLTM-s03地形模型和CE-GM-02重力场模型,新证实了西拉德撞击坑是一个布格质量瘤异常区域

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel