Bガタ カンエン ウイルス ボシ カンセン ヨボウ タイサク シン ホウシキ ノ リンショウテキ ケントウ : ジ キャリアカ ゼロ ・ タイサク モレ ゼロ オ メザシテ

わが国におけるB 型肝炎ウイルス(HBV)母子感染予防法として厚生省方式(HB ワクチン生後二ヶ月開始,HBIG2回投与)が広く実施されてきた.同時期に開発された千葉大方式(HB ワクチン生後24時間内開始,HBIG1回投与)の多施設共同臨床治験により,同方式と厚生省方式間で児の能動免疫獲得率・キャリア化率,有害事象発生率に関して有意差が無く,省力化・安全性・経済性の観点から千葉大方式の優位性が報告されている.今回,HBV 母子感染予防対策を児のHBV キャリア化阻止と対策漏れにエンドポイントを絞り,千葉大方式を更に簡略化し,全ての処置を生後1 ヶ月健診時に完了する獨協医大方式(HB ワクチン生後24時間以内開始,HBIG1回投与)の臨床治験を日本および中国大連市において実施した.両方式群間で,児の能動免疫獲得率,生後6 ヶ月時獲得HBs 抗体価,キャリア化率,有害事象発生率の全てにおいて有意差を認めず,一方,省力化・経済性と対策漏れに関しては獨協医大方式の優位性が判明した.獨協医大方式はその経済性,簡便性より,わが国はもとよりHBV 侵淫地域であるアフリカ,東南アジア諸国等においても積極的採用が期待され得る選択肢である

A case of Cushing's syndrome due to adrenal black adenoma

Functional black adenoma of the adrenal gland is rare, and there are few reports. We report a case of functional black adenoma of the adrenal gland associated with Cushing's syndrome. The case was in a 59-year-old female, whose chief complaints were weight gain and general fatigue for 7 years. Clinical and laboratory findings were characteristic to those of Cushing's syndrome. With computed tomography and ultrasonography, a round tumor about 18 x 12 mm was detected at the left suprarenal region. Left adrenalectomy was done and a black tumor, 5.0 g in weight, was obtained. Most of the adenoma cells contained numerous pigmented granules which were considered as lipofuscin. The patient is alive without any symptoms of Cushing's syndrome 8 months after the operation. The Japanese literature of the functional black adenoma was also reviewed

ハッキン マタワ ルテニウム タンジ WO3 ノ ミズ ブンカイヨウ サンソ セイセイ デンキョク トシテノ トクセイ

Fine particles of platinum and ruthenium were loaded on tungsten trioxide powder by various methods such as photoprecipitation, impregnation and impregnation followed by hydrogen reduction methods. Photocatalytic performance of the specimens was examined for acetaldehyde decomposition and water splitting. Pt loaded WO3 via photoprecipitation method showed excellent performance for acetaldehyde decomposition under irradiation of black light. Oxygen was evoluved from water with 295μmol/24h via Pt loaded WO3 sample made by impregnation followed by hydrogen reduction method

企業で働く知的障害者の職業適応と 職場のサポートとの関係 -知的障害者本人への調査から-

The importance of support in the workplace for persons with disabilities to adjust to working life has long been recognized in the literature. However, the effects of workplace support on the work adjustment of persons with disabilities have not been well documented. This paper examines whether workplace support is related to job satisfaction, performance (as evaluated by employers), organizational commitment, workplace integration, and their intention to quit their jobs. A survey of people with intellectual disabilities was conducted, and 169 answers were collected. The results of analysis of the survey are as follows: (a) workplace support consists of three factors: education, negative feedback, and supports for work performance, (b) moderate correlation was found between education and job satisfaction, (c) moderate correlation was found between organizational commitment and job satisfaction, and between workplace integration and job satisfaction; a moderate negative correlation was found between intention to quit job and job satisfaction, (d) only a weak negative correlation was found between intention to quit job and workplace support

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This paper reviews language choice, language policy, and the status of English in Sri Lanka, a former British colony, and describes how they are reflected in a series of national English textbooks used in secondary schools. Some materials in the textbooks are UK-oriented, while others can be attributed to the ethnic composition of the country. The goal of the English proficiency level set by the textbooks is a threshold level, whech is in accord with Sri Lanka\u27s language policy. However, the level seems to be adapted to language needs in scoence and technology for the development of the country. Other features of the textbooks are also described

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This paper reviews language policy in Pakistan, focusing on the status of English as an official language, and examines how it is reflected in the English textbooks used in schools. The final goal of English education in Pakistan is to acquire English competence for its official use. The textbooks are organized along this line. However, there are some differences in topics between those from Grade 6 to 10 and those on the higher secondary level. These differences reflect both the present structure of the society and the position of English in contemporary Pakistan

C–X(X = Cl, Br, I) bond dissociation energy as a descriptor for the redispersion of sintered Au/AC catalysts

负载型Au基催化剂在工业过程中具有非常广泛的潜在应用,如催化加氢/脱氢过程、精细化学品合成、能源催化转化及环境保护等过程,表现出很高的催化活性和选择性.Au基催化剂活性物种或活性中心基本由纳米粒子或化合物构成,但在应用过程中因Ostwald熟化效应或粒子迁移作用,尤其是高温高压等苛刻反应条件下,均随应用时间延长从小尺寸粒子逐渐长为大粒子,造成活性降低或完全失活,这也是负载型催化剂失活的最主要原因之一.其中因成本、稀缺等特性,负载型Au催化剂的烧结问题是影响和制约其应用的主要因素.除可通过载体改性、助剂和官能团配位稳定等方法来延缓其失活过程外,对已烧结催化剂的高效、快捷和绿色的再分散/再生过程也具有基础和应用研究的重要意义.活性炭载Au催化剂(Au/AC)广泛应用于乙炔氢氯化反应中,以期替代高毒性的汞基催化剂,但在反应过程中因高活性的Au~(3+)物种易被还原而形成Au~0物种进而烧结导致失活;如新鲜Au/AC催化剂表面的Au粒子尺寸为1-2 nm,经乙炔氢氯化反应后变为33 nm左右;随之在453 K、0.1 MPa、乙炔体积空速(GHSV)为600 h~(-1)、氯化氢与乙炔摩尔比为1.1的反应条件下,乙炔转化率从81.8%降至11.2%.如何有效对大粒子Au再分散/再生可为其应用提供有力支撑.有研究表明,气相CHI_3在甲醇羰基化反应过程中明显改变Au/AC表面的Au粒子尺寸;或采用浓盐酸或王水也可将烧结的Au/AC催化剂进行再分散/再生.但已有的Au基催化剂再分散/再生过程均伴随着强酸、强氧化或高毒性在分散剂的应用,对环境的影响及后续处理有明显的局限性,且再分散机理尚不明确.在前期工作基础上,本文采用系列卤代烃(碘代烃、溴代烃和氯代烃)对烧结的Au/AC进行再分散/再生研究.结果表明,在室温常压条件下CHI_3可以快捷高效地对烧结Au/AC催化剂进行再分散/再生,具有最优的再分散性能;通过对系列碘代烃C-I键的解离能分析,发现C-I解离能越低越有利于大粒子Au的再分散.同时,溴代烃和氯代烃对烧结的Au/AC催化剂也具有再分散能力,但比碘代烃的再分散效率低.C-X键的解离能与再分散效率有高相关性,即C-X键的解离能越低越有利于Au的再分散.总体上,三类卤代烃再分散效率高低顺序为C-I>C-Br>C-Cl.进而,通过不同分散过程中Au粒子分散状态推测了卤代烃对Au粒子的再分散机理,即卤代烃先在Au粒子表面化学吸附,然后C-X键解离,形成Au-X物种,小粒子Au在AC表面聚集并稳定,最后形成高分散Au粒子(粒径<1 nm)催化剂.以乙炔氢氯化反应考察了再生Au/AC催化剂性能,结果表明,该催化剂上乙炔转化率可达79.4%,基本恢复至初始水平,且该方法可对失活催化剂进行多次高效再生.Disintegration or redispersion of supported sintered gold nanoparticles(Au NPs) in the presence of alkyl halide can give catalyst regeneration or redispersion of sintered Au catalysts. The selectivity of alkyl halides, temperature and size distributions were investigated to elucidate the redispersion of Au NPs during halide-induced decomposition. This study proved that the alkyl halide induced the redispersion of sintered Au NPs which depended on the R–X(X = I, Br, Cl) bond dissociation energy(BDE) and thus provided a simple descriptor for the regeneration of inactive supported Au cata-lysts. A correlation between the BDE of R–X and dispersion efficiency was established. The tendency for disintegration and redispersion followed the R–X BDE of the alkyl halide. Compared to alkyl chlorides and bromides, iodides were more efficient for redispersing sintered Au NPs. As a descriptor, the BDE of R–I played a crucial role in particle redispersion. These findings provided insights into the mechanism of organic halide-induced Au NP disintegration and the effect of the halide type on the redispersion of sintered catalysts.国家自然科学基金(21403178,21473145,21503173,91545115);; 教育部创新团队发展计划(IRT_14R31);; 福建省青年教师教学科研基金(JA15003