Changes of capsule and seed characters during mature stage in sesame

本試驗係以台南一號、台南白選二號、BL26、BL18、W94、W88等品種（系）為材料，探討胡麻成熟期間蒴果及籽粒性狀的變化，其結果如下： 胡麻在開花後41-44天之後，在標識節位往上之4-6個節位的蒴果乾重及鮮重已達穩定無顯著的差異，但品系BL26則在開花後40天之後，其所有節位的變化無顯著差異。 籽粒百粒重的變化趨勢與蒴果乾重的變化相類似，同樣是在開花後41-44天之後，標識節位往上之4-6個節位趨於穩定且無顯著的差異。而蒴果乾重達最大的時期其蒴果鮮重為最小的時期，此時的籽粒成熟度為最佳的時期。 蒴果含水率則在開花後43-44天之後，在標識節位往上約4個節位趨於穩定無顯著差異的變化。 蒴果寬的變化趨勢除了品系BL26之外，在開花後42-44天之後，在標識節位往上之4-7個節位無顯著差異的變動，與蒴果乾重的變化相類似。蒴果長的變化趨勢多數為無差異。 胡麻蒴果葉綠素含量在成熟期間及節位間的變化，因品種的不同而有所差異且沒有趨於較穩定的時期。This study is on change of capsule and seed characters during maturation in sesame. The experiment materials including Tainan 1,Tainan white s-2,BL26,BL18,W94,W88 varieties. The results obtained are summarized as follows: Change of capsule dry weight and capsule fresh weight showed no significant difference in the 4-6 nodes from above marker node on 41-44 days after anthesis in sesame. But the BL26 change of capsule dry weight and capsule fresh weight showed no significant difference on 40 days after anthesis in all nodes. The change of 100 seeds weight coincides with capsule fresh weight. When capsule dry weight is at the largest stage that capsule fresh weight is at the smallest stage, therefore the seed is in the optima mature stage. Change of capsule water percentage showed no significant difference in about the 4 nodes from above marker node on 43-44 days after anthesis in sesame. Change of capsule width showed no significant difference in the 4-7 nodes from above marker node on 42-44 days after anthesis, and the same change as in the capsule dry weight. The trend of Capsule length has change no different in most of nodes. Change of capsule chlorophyll content of different node with mature stage showed difference in sesame varieties. And all capsule chlorophyll content are not in trend to stable stage.目 錄 中文摘要…………………………………………………….1 一、緒言…………………………………………………….2 二、前人研究……………………………………………….3 三、材料與方法………………………………………….…6 四、結果…………………………………………………….8 五、討論……………………………………………………68 六、參考文獻………………………………………………71 七、英文摘要………………………………………………7

籃球參與者對境外體育頻道行銷本土化策略看法之研究

出處：真理大

Application of modern biotechnology on the detection and diagnosis of plant pathogenic fungi

植物檢疫與植物防疫是未來植物保護的工作重點之一。而植物病原真菌之偵測鑑定與診斷技術將是植物檢疫與植物防疫的工作一環“免疫技術(immunologica1 techniques)及核酸技術(nuc1eic acid techniques)進行植物病原真菌偵測、診斷與鑑定為一較新技術“血清技術常利用的方法計以多株抗體、單株抗體為反應基質進行偵測(polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies as reagents)、酵素連結免疫吸附測定分析法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)、免疫螢光及免疫金蛋白標識測定分析（imrnunof-lorescence and immunogold labeling)、核酸技術包括核酸探針(nucleic acid probes)製作，及以偵測診斷為主之核酸探針雜合反應(nucleic acid hybridization based detection techniques)、點雜配分析(dot-blot hybridization assay)、限制酵素輿圖多型性分析(restriction fragment length polymorphisms analysis)、DNA聚合酵素連鎖反應增幅法( DNA polymerase chain reaction ）、任意引子DNA 聚合酵素連鎖反應增幅法(random amplified polymorphic DNA -RAPD)、去氧核醣核酸指紋分析法(DNA fingerprinting)等技術。近年來，由於為使形態相近的不同菌株（種），或同種不同亞種及生理小種的菌株能夠提供便利的鑑別技術，於是利用粒線體核酸之多複本(high copy number)特性與不同菌株問皆會有特殊的差異加以應用核酸限制酵素切割片段多型性(RFLP)分析種問及種內差異性及菌株之問粒線體核酸多型性及變異性，更進一步由粒線體核酸選殖技術篩選出與田間菌株皆可產生交互作用的專一性核酸探針，以期能應用在田間病害之偵測“目前在菌株（種）快速鑑別與類緣關係的研究探討上，以任意引子DNA 聚合酵素連鎖反應技術(RAPD)及DNA 聚合酵素連鎖反應(polymerase chain reaction, PCR)為快速靈敏且可大量應用於實際偵測診斷應用上。目前為止，新技術之應用使植物病原真菌之偵測、診斷與鑑定進入了新里程碑，其實際應用層面及輔助分類鑑定診斷與偵測將是另一值得開發的新科技。 Plant quarantine Plays an important role in the development of plant protection. Detection and diagnosis of plant pathogenic fungi is one of the major work of plant quarantine. Immunological techniques and nucleic acid techniques have been remarkable progress in the development of new techniques for detection and diagnosis of plant pathogenic fungi. Immunological techniques include polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies as reagents, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunoflorescence and immunogold labeling, and nucleic acid techniques include nucleic acid hybridization based detection techniques, dot-blot hybridization assay, restriction fragment length polymorphisms analysis, DNA polymerase chain reaction, random amplified, DNA-RAPP, DNA fingerprinting. The last 5-10 years have been remarkable progress in the development of new techniques for convenient identification of different isolates of similar morphology and physiological races, by using polymorphisms and variation of mitochondrial DNA, and further cloning of specific DNA probes for the detection and diagnosis of plant pathogenic fungi. At present, random amplified polymorphic DNA and polymerase chain reaction are the most speedy and sensitive methods for practical application on the detection and diagnosis of plantpathogenic fungi. Since now, new biotechnology have been progress for the detection and diagnosis, and further development of new technology for the identification, diagnosis and detection of plant pathogenic fungi

水土保持常用植物山芙蓉、九芎及山黃麻土/根系統 之拉拔抗力及剪力強度增量之比較

This study investigates the influences of root morphology on the pull-out resistance and shear strength increment of soil-root system for three species of plants commonly used in the soil and water conservation of slope land. The increment of shear strength of soil/root system due to roots can be expressed in terms of increment of cohesion of soil mass. According to the numerical models of soil-root systems of the three plants, one can carry out a series of numerical simulations of pull-out and direct shear tests. The analyses indicate the simulations of ultimate pull-out resistance Pmax of soil-root system are in good agreement with measurements. Meanwhile, the shear strength increments ΔSr due to roots of the three plants are different and vary with their specific root morphology. The ΔSr values increase proportionally as the basal diameter increases, in the order: (Subcostate crape myrtle) > (Cotton rose) > (India-charcoal trema).根系對於土/根系統剪力強度產生之增量，可以採用凝聚力之增量來表示，本文研究三種坡地水土保持常用 植物之根系型態，對土/根系統拉拔抗力及剪力強度增量之影響。依據三種植株之土/根系統之數值模型，可進行其抗 拉拔與直剪兩種試驗之數值模擬。分析結果顯示，土/根系統極限拉拔抗力 Pmax 之模擬值與量測值相當吻合。同時， 三種植物由於根系所獲得之土壤剪力強度增量 ΔSr，隨根系型態不同而有所差異，且其值皆隨著根系基徑 D 之增大而 增加。ΔSr 值隨著 D 值呈正比增加，其增加率之大小排序為：九芎 > 山芙蓉 > 山黃麻。 關鍵詞：土/根系統、數值模擬、拉拔抗力、剪力強度增量

施設背拉式排樁未飽和邊坡之降雨滲流穩定性分析

During the raining season in Taiwan, heavy rainfall often causes landslides, debris flows and collapses on slopes. The tie-back retaining pile method is one of the most popular methods used for slope rehabilitation. In the past, the infiltration and seepage behaviors of slopes during rain fall have usually been ignored in the stability analyses. In this study, a large scale test on the infiltration and seepage behaviors of a slope is modeled using the three-dimensional finite element program, PLAXIS 3D, to validate and calibrate the numerical model. Then, a model of an unsaturated slope consisting of a homogeneous layer of the colluvium was established for a series of slope stability analyses. Meanwhile, the effects of infiltration and seepage behavior and the tie-back retaining pile system on the slope stability under different water table levels and rainfall patterns were investigated.臺灣地區在梅雨及颱風季節所帶來之集中性豪雨，常引發大規模之落石、土石流或地滑等邊坡崩坍 災害。針對已發生滑動或有滑動潛勢之邊坡，目前國內已發展出許多邊坡整治工法，其中背拉式擋土排樁為 邊坡整治常採用之工法。以往邊坡於降雨情況下之穩定分析研究，大多將邊坡視為完全乾燥或完全飽和狀態 進行分析，並未模擬降雨入滲行為對邊坡穩定性之影響。本研究首先利用已完成之室內大型人工邊坡降雨入 滲試驗資料，以 PLAXIS 3D 三維有限元素程式進行數值模擬，並建立數值模擬程序及驗證其有效性。最後， 針對未飽和均質邊坡，在不同降雨雨型與地下水水位深度條件下，探討降雨入滲行為及背拉式排樁對邊坡穩 定性之影響

电力电缆聚乙烯绝缘层及其制造方法

本发明涉及一种电力电缆聚乙烯绝缘层的配方，以聚乙烯树脂为基料，在其中添加四（β－（３，５－二叔丁基－４羟基苯基）丙酸）季戊四醇脂、硫代二丙酸双硬脂醇酯、金属减活剂、乙撑双硬脂酰胺和锻烧陶土；将上述物质按组份混合后再进行捏合、密炼、开炼、造粒、挤出、辐照后成缆即可制成电力电缆，该电缆耐温等级高、耐老化性能好、具有优良的电绝缘性和机械性能，适用于环境温度高、载流量大的额定电压１ＫＶ及以下的输配电路