Advances in the Study of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in High Altitude and Cold Habitats on Tibetan Plateau

极端生境往往蕴藏着具有特殊生理生态功能的生物类群.海拔高、温度低、生长季节短的青藏高原高寒草原生态系统是典型的极端生境之一,目前有关该生境中分布的丛枝菌根真菌（Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF）研究已引起广泛关注.本文从青藏高原高寒生境中AM真菌的研究概况入手,论述青藏高原高寒生境中AM真菌的群落组成、物种多样性与分布特征、菌根侵染发育状况及高寒生境对AM真菌的影响.指出高寒生境中AM真菌群落结构研究方面存在的问题,探讨解决这些问题的可能途径及其研究发展前景,以期为青藏高原高寒草原生态系统稳定性的维持与受损生态系统的恢复提供理论依据.There are many special organisms in extreme habitats. Tibetan Plateau alpine meadow e- cosystem is one of the most important extreme habitats in terrestrial ecosystem, it has the character- istics with high altitude, low temperature, and short growing season. Nowadays, the studies of ar- buscular mycorrhizal （AM） on Tibetan Plateau has been widely concerned. This review mainly dis- cussed on AM fungi communities composition, AM fungi diversity and their distribution character- istics, AM colonization feature, and abiotic factors on the effect of AM fungi. At the same time, the shortcomings about the heterogeneity of adverse habitats on AM fungi communities were pointed out for further study. Based on this, these research achievements were summarized in order to pro- vide a theoretical basis for the maintenance of the stability in Tibetan Plateau alpine steppe ecosys- tem.国家自然科学基金项目（31270558）,上海科技馆引进高层次人才科研启动经费（2015）

An Improved Fuzzy Connected Image Segmentation Method Base on CUDA

已有的模糊连接并行算法CUDA-k FOE未考虑线程块边缘点同时更新所引发的竞争问题,导致计算结果出现少量误差.由于医学图像处理对精度的要求很高,为了解决边缘点计算误差的问题,基于CUDA-k FOE提出一种修正迭代算法.首先分析了CUDA-k FOE算法在线程块边缘产生竞争的原因;然后讨论了边缘点亲和力的所有可能的传递路径,以及由此造成的出错情况;最后提出二次迭代修正算法,将第一次迭代得到的所有边缘点转入第二次的修正迭代步骤,从而修正第一次迭代中错误的亲和力值.采用3组不同规格的CT序列对肝脏血管进行分割实验,并选用3个不同的种子点进行算法验证,结果表明,文中算法的计算结果与串行版本一致,解决了CUDA-k FOE算法的计算误差问题.A paralleled CUDA version of k FOE(CUDA-k FOE)was proposed to segment medical images. CUDA-k FOE achieves fast segmentation when processing large image datasets. However, it cannot precisely handle the competition of edge points when update operations happen by multiple threads simultaneously, thus an iterative correction method to improve CUDA-k FOE was proposed. By analyzing all the pathways of marginal voxels affinity and their consequently caused results, a two iteration correction scheme is employed to achieve the accurate calculation. In these two iterations, the resulted marginal voxels from the first iteration are used as the correction input of the second iteration, therefore, the values of affinity are corrected in the second iteration. Experiments are conducted on three CT image sequences of liver vessels with small, medium, and large size. By choosing three different seed points, final results are not only comparable to the sequential implementation of fuzzy connected image segmentation algorithm on CPU, but achieve more precise calculation compared with CUDA-k FOE.国家自然科学基金(61001144;61102137;61301010;61327001

基于虚拟器官的手术计划系统类产品注册中关键问题的研究

基于虚拟器官的手术计划系统类产品正异军突起,为保证产品安全有效,国家对医疗器械产品实行严格的市场准入制度,新产品必须取得国家医疗器械产品注册证后方可销售和使用。因此对数字化虚拟器官及手术计划系统类医疗器械产品,注册过程中的技术标准制定、风险分析、临床试用等环节进行必要的研究阐述

Realization of Kelp Monitoring System Based on LabVIEW

系统作为一个海洋赤潮检测的一个子项目,需要实现对采样海水水藻浓度的稀释以及检测。系统由PC机构成上位机,单片机作为下位机。利用LabVIEW图形界面设计的强大功能实现上位机的界面设计以及程序设计。使用LabVIEW的串行模块实现与下位机的通信。下位机部分采用成本低廉的单片机AT 89C52,以RTX51嵌入式实时多任务操作系统为核心构建数据采集控制系统。既充分利用了LabVIEW的强大功能,又充分利用RTX51操作系统提高了系统的稳定性。This paper designs a system to obtain and dilute the algae concentration of sampling sea water as a sub project of a red tide monitor system.This system realizes the interface design and program in PC as Mater system by using LabVIEW′s powerful and popular graphical language.It realizes the communication between PC and microcontroller by using the function of serial communication in LabVIEW.It realizes the data sample and control by using the RTX51 RTOS.This design is based on the powerful functions by LabVIEW and the stabilization by RTX51.国家863项目(2003AA635160);; 卫生部科学研究基金-福建卫生教育联合攻关计划资助项目(WKJ20052001

Variation Type Analysis of Hepatic Duct Based on CT Image

在术前预现肝脏管道结构,分析管道分支的变异情况,能降低活体肝脏移植手术过程的风险。以肝脏管道系统包含的肝静脉、肝动脉与门静脉的主要分支变异类型为理论依据,在实现这三种肝脏管道三维重建的基础上,针对不同的结构特征,使用基于长度和阈值的方法分别设计相应的算法分析其分支变异类型。Preoperative display of hepatic duct structure and analysis of the variation of duct branches enables to reduce the operation risk of living liver transplantation. Taking the variation types of major branches of hepatic vein, hepatic artery and portal vein included in the hepatic duct system as the theoretical basis, after finishing the three-dimensional reconstruction of these three hepatic ducts, it uses methods relying on length and threshold to respectively design the corresponding algorithm analysis and branch variation types by targeting different structure features.国家自然科学基金资助项目(60371012,60601025);; 卫生部联合基金资助项目(WKJ2005-2-001)~

Effects of Diosmetin from Carbonized Cirsium japonicum on Apoptosis in Human MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells and its Mechanisms

研究大蓟炭中香叶木素诱导人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞凋亡及其作用机制。采用硅胶和Sephadex; LH-20柱层析从大蓟炭中分离鉴定了三个黄酮类化合物,经NMR和MS鉴定他们的结构分别为香叶木素(1)、刺槐素(2)和柳川鱼黄素(3)。采用MT; S方法检测不同浓度的香叶木素对MCF-7的细胞活力的影响;流式细胞术检测不同浓度的香叶木素处理对MCF-7细胞凋亡的作用;Western; blot法检测香叶木素处理对细胞PARP、P-JNK等细胞凋亡相关蛋白表达的影响。MTS及流式细胞术结果显示香叶木素能显著抑制MCF-7的增殖并; 且诱导细胞凋亡;香叶木素可上调P-JNK促进细胞凋亡。结果表明香叶木素在体外实验能通过激活JNK细胞凋亡通路抑制MCF-7的增殖及促进细胞凋亡。To study the effects of diosmetin from carbonized Cirsium japonicum on; apoptosis in human MCF-7 breast cancer cells and its mechanisms. Three; flavonoids were isolated and purified from carbonized C. japonicum by; silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 chromatography methods. Their structures; were elucidated by NMR and MS spectroscopic data and identified as; diosmetin(1),acacetin(2) and pectolinarigenin(3). MTS assay was; performed to detect the viability of MCF-7 cells treated by different; concentrations of diosmetin. The cell apoptosis rate was further; analyzed by flow cytometry(FCM). Western blot assay was applied to; measure the apoptosis related protein expression levels of PARP,P-JNK.; Diosmetin treatment on MCF-7 cells significantly inhibited cell; proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. Diosmetin significantly; downregulated P-JNK and upregulated cleaved-PARP protein expression.; Diosmetin inhibited MCF-7 cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis; by activation of JNK pathway in vitro.江西中医药大学校级科研项目; 国家自然科学基金; 江西省自然科学基

Genetic diversity of Castanopsis hystrix germplasm resources by ISSR and cluster analysis

利用ISSr分子标记对来自10个不同生态地区的红锥优良种质进行基因组遗传多样性分析.从20条引物中筛选出11条具有扩增多态性的引物用于ISSr-PCr扩增,共扩增出435条带,其中多态性条带325条,占总扩增条带的74.7%,平均每个引物扩增3.95条.ISSr标记分析揭示出红锥10个优良种质的遗传相似系数介于0.473 7--0.808 1之间,平均值为0.728 7.用STATIS统计软件的欧氏可变类平均法构建类型之间的分子系统树,聚类分析结果将10个优良红锥种质分为4个类群.Genetic diversity of fine germplasm resources of Castanopsis hystrix from ten different ecological regions was analyzed by using the inter-simple sequence repeat(ISSR),and 11 effective primers were selected from 20 primers.The result showed as follows: 435 bands were amplified,among which 325 bands were polymorphic,and percentage of polymorphic bands were 74.7 %,an average of approximately 3.95 bands per primer.Genetic similarity indexes of ten germplasms of C.hystrix ranged from 0.473 7 to 0.8081,and the average value was 0.728 7.Static software was used to calculate the Nei's genetic distance and a dendrogram was constructed based on UPGMA cluster analysis.These ten germplasms were divided into 4 major groups,and their genetic relative and the genetic distance were discussed.广西林业科学研究院国家林业局中南速生材繁育重点实验室开放基金课题;兰州理工大学博士基金(SB08200602);甘肃省教育厅研究生导师基金(0703-11

拟穴青蟹抗菌肽Crustin新变体的表达特性与抗菌功能

Crustins是一类较早发现并广泛分布在甲壳动物中且富含半胱氨酸的阳离子抗菌肽,能够参与抗细菌的免疫应答。从拟穴青蟹（Scylla paramamosain）中克隆获得Crustin基因,命名为SpCrus1a,其cDNA序列全长744 bp,开放阅读框编码113个氨基酸,成熟肽分子量10.03 kDa,等电点8.30。表达分析结果发现其转录本主要存在于鳃、卵巢、上皮组织中,脂多糖刺激后SpCrus1a会上调表达。体外合成SpCrus1a的第29～47位氨基酸进行抗菌活性实验发现,其对革兰氏阳性菌具有较强的抗菌活性,对被测的革兰氏阴性菌抗菌活性较弱或无抗菌活性。合成肽Sp Crus1a29-47能够在较短时间内杀死绝大多数的金黄色葡萄球菌,2 h内杀死全部的金黄色葡萄球菌。扫描电镜发现合成肽Sp Crus1a29-47可造成金黄色葡萄球菌表面结构崎岖不平,高浓度Sp Crus1a29-47造成细菌的大量死亡。上述结果表明,SpCrus1a是抗菌肽Crustins的新变体。国家自然科学基金(U205123,31172438);;厦门南方海洋研究中心科技项目(14PYY050SF03

肝脏管道供血分布及残肝体积的计算

在肝切除、肝移植等手术计划中,精确地计算残肝体积至关重要,它能够直接影响到手术的成败.文中结合临床上肝外科手术的术式,提出了能够实时、准确地计算出基于肝脏管道供血分布的残肝体积的算法.首先基于个体化肝脏CT数据,通过分割和细化2个步骤建立肝实质三维模型及肝内管道的抽象树状模型;在此基础上,通过人机交互灵活地选定肝内管道分支数目和分支起点,并基于多背景距离变换计算肝脏供血分布和各部分所占比例,从而得到准确的残肝体积.实验结果表明,该算法计算速度快,对肝切除结果的模拟和计算精度能满足实际临床需求,可为手术计划提供指导依据.国家自然科学基金(61001144,61102137,61271336

Study on transformation system of alfalfa and constructed AtPCS1 plant expression vector

通过对6种不同基因型苜蓿愈伤组织的形成能力、愈伤组织的分化能力的比较发现,不同苜蓿品种间的分化率存在显著差异(P<0.05),其中甘农1号分化率最高(42.9%);对甘农1号叶片、下胚轴及子叶等外植体的分化再生能力研究发现,叶片起源的愈伤组织分化时间短,且丛生芽形成数量高于下胚轴和子叶;再生芽可在B5培养基上成苗,并在蔗糖浓度为10 g/L的1/2 MS培养基上顺利生根.据此认为,苜蓿甘农1号叶片是适于做遗传转化的理想材料.利用RT-PCR方法扩增拟南芥螯合肽合成酶(AtPCS1)基因全序列构建了AtPCS1的植物表达载体pBI121-AtPCS1,为下一步AtPCS1基因转化苜蓿奠定了基础.Six cultivars of alfalfa with different genotypes were compared with each other in their callus induction capacity and plant regeneration ability.The significant differences were observed(P<0.05) in regeneration ability of these genotypes,and the cultivar Medicago sativa'Gannong No.1' has that the highest regeneration ability.Then the callus induction and plant regeneration ability of different explants as leaf,hypocotyls and cotyledon of Gannong No.1 were studied,and found that the calluses coming from leaf differentiated much earlier and had more regeneration buds than others.The in vitro regenerated plants were successfully rooted in 1/2 MS medium and 10 g/L sugar.The results above suggested that the leaves of the cultivar 'Gannong No.1' would be fit for the ideal explants in transgenic researches.Meantime,the full length of AtPCS1 gene was amplified by RT-PCR from Arabidopsis thaliana(ecotype Columbia).Furthermore,the plant expression vector pBI121-AtPCS1 was constructed,and that were as basic for transgenic alfalfa research in future.福建省自然科学基金(D041004);; 甘肃省自然科学基金(3ZS042-B25-011);; 兰州理工大学博士基金(SB08200602)