A comparative study of cognitive functions in two different models of chronic stress in rats.

目的本研究旨在比较两种慢性应激诱导的抑郁模型大鼠前额叶介导的认知灵活性损伤特征。方法分别给予应激组大鼠(n=8只/组)两周慢性不可预期性应激(chronic unpredictable stress,CUS)或社会挫败(social defeat,SD)应激。应激结束后采用糖水偏好测试检测快感缺失(一种典型抑郁样行为),采用注意定势转移任务(attentional set-shifting task,AST)检测认知灵活性改变,主要包括逆反学习(reversal learning,REL)和外维度定势转移(extra-dimensional set-shifting,EDS)能力。结果与相应对照组相比,CUS组大鼠的糖水消耗量降低[(7.24&plusmn;1.64)vs(13.83&plusmn;1.50),P&lt;0.05]。SD组大鼠的糖水消耗量和糖水偏好指数较相应对照组降低[(4.28&plusmn;1.96)vs(13.17&plusmn;2.79),P&lt;0.01;(27.96&plusmn;11.64)vs(82.97&plusmn;16.13),P&lt;0.05]。在AST测试中,CUS诱导以EDS损害为特征的认知灵活性缺失,表现在CUS组大鼠在EDS阶段的训练达标次数较相应对照组增加[(15.57&plusmn;1.53)vs(10.50&plusmn;1.41),P&lt;0.05],而社会挫败应激诱导以REL和EDS损害为特征的认知灵活性缺失,表现在SD组大鼠在REL和EDS阶段的训练达标次数均较相应对照组增加[REL:(17.30&plusmn;0.76)vs(14.00&plusmn;0.97),P&lt;0.01);EDS:(15.80&plusmn;1.72)vs(9.33&plusmn;0.80),P&lt;0.01]。结论慢性不可预期性应激和社会挫败应激诱导的抑郁模型大鼠表现出认知灵活性不同成分的损害,为进一步研究抑郁症不同认知表型障碍的神经生物学机理提供了实验基础。</p

Progress of interfacial geochemistry of mercury

国家自然科学基金资助项目(20077016);; 中国博士后基金资助项目(2002032148

Development of Complex Probiotics

[目的]研制益生菌复合制剂。[方法]分离、筛选纳豆芽孢杆菌XW1、乳酸菌XW2、酵母菌XW3,进行动物灌胃试验与肠道菌群检测试验。[结果]通过饲喂益生菌复合制剂,小鼠肠道厌氧菌菌群有不同程度地增多,且一些致病肠杆菌受到抑制。综合分析,得到1个益生菌复合制剂的适宜配方(108 Cfu/M l):纳豆芽孢杆菌XW1:乳酸菌XW2:酵母菌XW3为2∶1∶1。[结论]益生菌复合制剂有促进动物生长,维持肠道微生态平衡的功效。[Objective] To develop complex probiotics.[Method] Probiotic strains including bacillus natto xw1,laciobacillus xw2,microzyme xw3 were isolated.Animal feeding experiment and intestinal flora detecting experiment were carried out.[Result] After feeding by complex probiotics,the counts of anaerobic bacteria in intestine of rats significantly increased,and the counts of some pathogenic E.coli significantly declined.Througy comprehensive analysis,a appropriate scheme of complex probiotics(108 cfu/ ml)was abtained∶bacillus natto xw1∶laciobacillus xw2∶microzyme xw3 was 2∶1∶1.[Conclusion]The growth of rats and balance of bacteria in rats intestine were promoted by complex probiotics

Establishment of MDCK cell lines which stably express visualable human neonatal Fc receptor

[目的]建立稳定表达融合EGFP的人新生儿Fc受体（h FcRn）的MDCK细胞株。[方法]构建重组慢病毒质粒p EGFP-h FcRn,采用四质粒包装系统共转染HEK 293T细胞生产重组慢病毒,感染MDCK细胞后对EGFP阳性细胞进行流式单细胞分选;通过Western Blot及EGFP-β2m荧光共定位验证h FcRn的完整性,并用流式细胞仪检测h FcRn与人Ig G的结合活性。[结果]测序结果表明成功构建p EGFP-FcRn慢病毒表达载体;感染后EGFP阳性MDCK细胞比例约为26.5%,流式单细胞分选后得到纯阳性细胞;荧光共定位及Western Blot均检测到h FcRn的完整表达;流式分析表明细胞株上的h FcRn与Ig G存在p H依赖性结合。[结论]成功获得稳定表达具有生物活性的可视化h FcRn的MDCK细胞株。[ Objective] To establish MDCK cell line stably expressing EGFP- human neonatal Fc receptor（hFcRn） fusion protein. [ Methods ] The lentiviral expression vector for EGFP - hFcRn fusion protein was constructed. Generating by co - transfection of four -plasmids into HEK 293T cells ,the lentivirus particles were used to infect MDCK cell line. EGFP positive single cell was obtained by FACS, and then FcRn expression was identified by fluorescence co -location with EGFP - β2m and confirmed by Western Blot. Flow cytometry was used to detect binding activity of hFcRn and human IgG. [ Results ] DNA se- quencing demonstrated that the lentivirus vector pEGFP - FcRn was constructed successfully. The percentage of EGFP - posi- tive ceils was about 26.5% after infection. Expression of the complete protein was detected through fluorescence co - location and Western Blot, respectively. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the cell lines could pH - dependently capture human IgG. [ Conclusion] MDCK cell line stably expressing functional visualable hFcRn was established.基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（“结构生物学指导的HBV治疗性抗体人源化及其关键技术研究”,No.31600748;“抗呼吸道合胞病毒高中和活性抗体的保护机制研究”,No.81401668;“基于广谱中和单抗的通用型流感疫苗设计及其结构基础研究”,No.31670934

Modeling Influence of Temperature and Salinity on Growth Rate of Larva in Noble Scallop,Chlamys nobilis(Reeve) by Response Surface Methodology(RSM)

采用中心复合设计(CEnTrAl COMPOSITE dESIgn,CCd)的试验设计法研究了温度和盐度2个环境因子对华贵栉孔扇贝幼虫生长的影响。同时采用响应曲面分析法及基于响应曲面基础之上的满意度函数法确立了生长的二次回归方程,同时进行优化处理得到温度与盐度的最佳组合。结果表明,在华贵栉孔扇贝幼虫生长过程中温度与盐度在一定的范围内的互作效应不显著,其中温度效应较为明显。温度对壳长瞬时生长影响的一次项效应和二次项效应均达到显著水平(P<0.000 1)。盐度对壳长瞬时生长影响一次项效应显著(P<0.000 1),然而,盐度对壳长瞬时生长影响的二次项效应达到显著水平(P<0.000 1)。分析响应曲面法优化温度和盐度对华贵栉孔扇贝幼虫壳长瞬时生长率的影响,其结果显示最佳温度与盐度组合为25.33℃与29.42‰,此条件下瞬时生长率为7.91%,其满意度函数值达到85.57%。在生产实践中,严格控制温度和盐度范围,使其在最优值范围内,将会显著提高苗种生产效率。In this study,the combined effects of temperature and salinity on the instantaneous growth rate(IGR) of larva in noble scallop,Chlamys nobilis,was evaluated using the central composite orthogonal quadratic design and the response surface methodology.The results showed that the linear effects of temperature on IGR was statistically highly significant(P<0.000 1);the linear effects of salinity on IGR was significant(P<0.000 1).The interactions between temperature and salinity on IGR was not significant;the quadratic effects of temperature and salinity on the IGR was highly significant(P<0.000 1);temperature was more important in influencing growth of larvaof C.nobilis.By applying the simultaneous optimization technique,the optimum factor combination,i.e.,25.33 ℃ and 29.42‰ was found out,at which the optimal IGR(7.91%)arrived simultaneously,with the desirability value as high as 85.57 %.It is anticipated that application of the optimal temperature-salinity combination to practice would improve the productive efficiency of C.nobilis.国家自然科学基金(31160528); 国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(201405020-5); 海洋公益专项科研基金(201205021); 南海生物资源开发与利用协同创新中

Study on Existent Form of Mercury in Sediments of Miyun Reservoir,Beijng

在改进Tessier方法的基础上,利用冷原子吸收对北京密云水库沉积物中汞的形态进行研究,发现密云水库沉积物的总汞含量较高,沉积物中的汞主要以气态汞、有机汞和硫化物汞的形式存在,生物可以直接利用的汞较低,但一些目前不能直接利用的汞在一定条件下可以转化为可利用的汞,需要对此加以关注。On the bases of modified Tessier method,the existent forms of mercury in sediments of Miyun reservoir,Beijing were determined with cold vapor atomic absorption(CVAA).The results showed that total mercury in the sediments is high,and that gaseous mercury,organic mercury and sulfide mercury(residual mercury) are the main form of mercury.Most of them can not be used by biomass,but,what should be noted is that some unusable mercury can be transformed usable mercury under special conditions..国家自然科学基金(20077016);; 中国博士后基金(2002032148);; 厦门大学行动计划联合资助项

Distribution and Species of Mercury in Water and Sediments from Huangpu River

黄浦江江水的总汞、溶解态汞和颗粒汞含量变化较大,其平均值分别为(0.4±0.44)ng/mL、(0.27±0.42)ng/mL和(0.13±0.10)ng/mL,江水中汞以溶解态汞为主.黄浦江沉积物的总汞含量为70.52ng/g~387.30ng/g,平均汞含量为(204.03±97.41)ng/g.江水和沉积物中汞的沿江分布具有中游高,上游和下游低的特征,西渡—南浦大桥江段汞含量为整个黄浦江最高的江段,汞的分布特征与两岸工农业布局相一致.沉积物总汞与有机质显著相关,沉积物中高汞含量的地点都在高水汞点的下游,与河流的动力沉积特点一致.沉积物中汞以可交换态、腐殖酸结合态、残渣态为主,少量为碳酸盐结合态.从上游到下游,沉积物中可交换态汞具有两端高中间低的特点,而残渣态汞与此相反.在剖面方向上,沉积物中的汞主要集中在残渣态,少量为腐殖酸结合态,可交换态及碳酸盐结合态,随着深度增加残渣态所占比例不规则增加.愈接近长江口,沉积物中的重金属愈容易被重新激活.Levels of total mercury, soluble mercury and particle mercury in water of Huangpu River change greatly, their average values are (0.40.44)ng/mL, (0.270.42)ng/mL, (0.130.10)ng/mL respectively. Mercury in water is mainly in the form of soluble mercury. Average mercury content in sediment of Huangpu River is relative high and up to (204.0397.41)ng/g, with a range of 70.52ng/g387.30ng/g. Mercury content is high in the middle reach of Huangpu River, especially in section of Xidu-Nanpu Bridge, and low in upstream and downstream. Distribution of mercury is hightly related with distribution of industry plants and farming. Locations with high mercury content in sediment are in the downstream of locations with high mercury content in water. Mercury (in sediments) is mainly in the form of residue, exchangeable ions, and humics-bound, seldom is in the form of carbonate-bound. Contrary to residue-bound mercury, exchangeable mercury is low in the middle reach, and high in upstream and downstream. There mainly are residue-bound mercury and little humics-bound mercury, exchangeable mercury, and carbonate-bound mercury in sediment in profile, and the residue-bound mercury increases irregularly with depth. Nearing the Mouth of Yangtze River, mercury in sediment becomes more active.国家自然科学基金资助项目(20077016);; 中国博士后基金项目(2002032148);; 厦门大学行动计划联合资助项目(0660-X01114

Adolescent social isolation and unpredictable stress have different effects on emotional behaviors in adult rats.

目的分别观察青少期社会隔离和不确定性应激对大鼠成年后情绪行为的影响。方法在青少期(出生后28 d~41 d)分别给予研究组大鼠2周社会隔离应激或不确定性复合应激,应激后经3周恢复至所有大鼠进入成年期后检测其情绪行为改变。采用糖水偏好测试和强迫游泳检测大鼠的抑郁样行为,采用旷场试验和高架十字迷宫试验检测焦虑样行为。结果与群养组相比,青少期社会隔离组大鼠成年后的所检测的各项情绪行为均无明显差异(P&gt;0.05)。经历青少期不确定性应激的成年大鼠与其对照组相比糖水偏好指数没有明显改变[(0.86&plusmn;0.19)vs(0.86&plusmn;0.03),P&gt;0.05],但在强迫游泳测试中表现出更多的绝望行为(强迫游泳不动行为增加)[(29.88&plusmn;3.37)vs(19.90&plusmn;3.19),P&lt;0.05]、更少的主动行为(挣扎行为减少)[(24.00&plusmn;1.67)vs(32.90&plusmn;3.09),P&lt;0.05],提示该应激并不影响大鼠成年后偏好糖水的本能行为,但导致其急性应激应对能力受损,对成年应激事件更容易发展出次级的应对无能或绝望的抑郁样行为。不确定性应激研究组的大鼠成年后在高架十字迷宫测试中较其对照组闭合臂停留时间明显增加[(176.90&plusmn;17.01)vs(136.48&plusmn;9.47),P&lt;0.05]以及开放臂进入次数明显减少[(3.00&plusmn;0.93)vs(5.90&plusmn;1.08),P&lt;0.05],提示该应激增加了大鼠成年后的焦虑样行为水平。结论青少期社会隔离应激和不确定性应激对大鼠成年后情绪行为的影响存在差异,青少期不确定性应激能够有效诱导大鼠多项情绪行为显著和持续的改变,提供了一种青少期应激增加成年大鼠应激性抑郁易感性的动物模型。</p