シラセ サイヒョウ コウコウ データ ガ シメス ナンキョク リュツォ・ホルムワン テイチャクヒョウ ノ ネンネン ヘンカ

南極リュツォ・ホルム湾において毎年ほぼ同時期,同海域を航海する砕氷船「しらせ」は,海氷モニタリング・プラットフォームに適している.同湾の海氷状況の年々変化を推測するために,1983年から2002年までの間の「しらせ」砕氷航行データを解析した.主にラミング砕氷と氷厚や積雪深との関係を調べ,ラミング一回当たりの進出距離を砕氷航行の難易度の指標とすることにより,定着氷域の変化の特徴を抽出した.ラミング時の進出距離が短い1990年代前・中期は,航海が困難で厳しい氷状を反映し,氷厚や積雪深が大きい.一方,1990年代終わりから2002年までの間は,進出距離が長い傾向にあり,湾内定着氷の崩壊・流出の頻発期とも符合していることがわかった.Characteristics of sea-ice conditions in Lutzow-Holmbukta, Antarctica, have been investigated using the ice navigation log from the icebreaker Shirase, which has made a voyage almost at the same season and in the same sailing route every year since 1983. The vessel is considered as a suitable monitoring platform for sea ice. Not only basic information such as ice thickness and snow depth, but also ramming icebreaking data have been analyzed. In particular, the penetrating distances by ramming reflect difficulty in ice navigation and show distinctly interannual variations from 1983 to 2002. The periods with longer distances are consistent with those when breakup of landfast ice occurred frequently in the bay. The penetrating distances have shown a tendency to increase since the end of the 1990s, when ice breakup has been pronounced

センジョウ カンソク データ ニ モトヅク ナンキョク リュツォ・ホルムワン テイチャクヒョウ ノ カキ ニオケル ヒョウアツ オヨビ セキセツシン ブンプ トクセイ ニツイテ

南極観測船「しらせ」船上で取得された海氷観測結果をもとに,リュツォ・ホルム湾定着氷の夏季における氷厚及び積雪深分布について考察した.ビデオ観測結果から求めた各年の全氷厚(氷厚+積雪深)確率密度分布は薄氷型と厚氷型に分けられることがわかった.また大陸沿岸から約km圏内では全氷厚及び積雪深は沿岸に向かって漸減する傾向を示した.これは北東方向の卓越風による積雪輸送によると考えられる.電磁誘導法によって観測された全氷厚分布には不連続的な変化が認められた.NOAAAVHRR画像と比較した結果,不連続の位置は定着氷流出後の再結氷域における一年氷と,未流出の厚い多年氷との境界に一致することがわかった.定着氷の流出範囲は年によって大きく変動する.流出位置が沖側に後退すると厚い多年氷域の割合が多くなり厚氷型になり,沿岸に近づくと積雪影響も相まって厚い多年氷域が縮小または消滅し,薄氷型になるというメカニズムが明らかになった.Sea ice observations have been conducted onboard the Antarctic Research Vessel Shirase" since . The authors summarize these data to investigate spatial and inter-annual variability of sea ice thickness and snow depth of the summer land-fast ice in Lutzow-Holmbukta. Probability density functions of annual total thickness (ice thickness+snow depth) derived from video observations are categorized into two types, i.e. a thin-ice and a thick-ice type. The total thickness distributions observed by the electro-magnetic inductive method have a clear discontinuity, which reects the past break-up of the land-fast ice. Thin rst-year ice develops oshore of this location, while multi-year ice mostly develops onshore. Ice thickness and snow depth gradually decrease toward the coast within about km oshore, probably due to snow drift driven by the strong northeasterly wind. It is concluded that the past breakup of the land-fast ice as well as snow depth have dominant inuence on the spatial distribution of ice thickness in Lutzow-Holmbukta. The extent of break-up varies signicantly year by year. The smaller extent enhances the development of thick multi-year ice, while the larger extent, coupled with the inuence of snow drift, enhances reduction or extinction of thick multi-year ice

FPGA-based PWM Control for DC Motors

应用PWM实现直流电机转速的控制,可用可编程序控制器PlC、单片机等方案来实现。但是这些控制方法的功能修改及调试都需要硬件电路的支持,在一定程度上增加了功能修改及系统调试的困难。因此,在设计中采用EdA技术,应用目前广泛应用的VHdl硬件电路描述语言,实现直流电机转向的控制设计,利用QuArTuSⅡ集成开发环境进行综合、仿真。仿真结果表明,应用VHdl硬件电路描述语言实现直流电机控制具有良好的控制效果。For PWM DC motor speed control,one can use the programmable logic controller( PLC),SCM,and other programs.However,modifying these functions and debuging control methods all need the support of hardware circuit.To a certain extent,it increases the difficulty of functional changes and system debugging.Therefore,this paper uses EDA technologies and hardware circuit description language VHDL which are now widely applied to complete the DC motor steering control.Quartus Ⅱ is used to integrate the development environment for synthesis,simulation.Simulation results show that the application description language VHDL is effective for hardware circuit DC motor control

细菌三型分泌系统输出蛋白分泌信号研究进展

自提出三型分泌系统的概念以来,相关分子机制的研究让人们对其有了更深入的了解。与依赖信号肽分泌途径形成鲜明对比的是,蛋白通过细菌三型分泌系统分泌或者转运时没有可识别的保守信号序列。近期对三型分泌蛋白的研究发现了多种可以引导其分泌的分泌信号。本文分别介绍了细菌三型分泌系统的种类,分泌系统分泌蛋白的种类,并着重阐述了分泌信号的分子特性及其机制,以期为新型抗菌药物的研发提供新的思路。国家自然科学基金(81473251,31370166,31741006);;厦门大学校长基金(20720160060

Protein Microarray Biosensors Based on Imaging Ellipsometry Techniques and Their Applications

After years of development, biosensors based on imaging ellipsometry and biosensors based on total internal reflection imaging ellipsometry have been successfully implemented in various engineering systems. Their experimental setups, detection principles, and biological and clinical applications are briefly reviewed

The measurement about interannual variability of landfast ice thickness using an electromagnetic induction device onboard a sled at Syowa station, Antarctica

第7回極域科学シンポジウム:[OM] 極域気水圏11月30日（水）国立極地研究所 2階 大会議

近赤外光を利用した連続的心筋酸素飽和度測定による warm blood cardioplegia の検討

金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系Continuous infusion of warm blood cardioplegic solution is often interrupted during coronary artery bypass grafting to obtain a bloodless operating field. We measured myocardial oxygen saturation continuously using near-infrared spectroscopy to determine myocardial oxygen metabolism during intermittent warm blood cardioplegia (IWBC). In 7 adult mongrel dogs undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass IWBC was administered using the Buckberg-Shiley system. Cardiac arrest was induced by a warm blood cardioplegic infusion of 100 ml/min for 5 minutes followed by a maintenance infusion of 40 ml/min for 5 minutes. The infusion of warm blood cardioplegia was then stopped for 15 minutes. Measurement of myocardial oxygen saturation was performed continuously throughout cardiopulmonary bypass. IWBC produced an increase in myocardial oxygen saturation for the first 5 minutes and a slight decrease for the second 5 minutes. After the termination of IWBC, myocardial oxygen saturation showed a marked reduction for 3 minutes and plateaued after 5 minutes. Measurement of myocardial oxygen saturation revealed myocardial oxygen metabolism during IWBC. This procedure may be a useful way to monitor myocardial oxygen metabolism during open heart surgery

禁煙支援教育を受講した看護学生を対象とした支援方法の内容分析 －妊娠期および産褥期の女性に対する支援方法－

　周産期にある女性の禁煙支援は母児の健康管理のために重要である．本研究では，将来，医療職者となっていく看護学生に対して「女性の喫煙」と題した講義を行うことで，看護学生自らが考える禁煙支援について明らかにすることを目的とする．　研究方法は，専門学校の看護学生2年次生34名に対して1コマ90分の講義をおこなった．そののち，看護学生が自ら考える妊婦･褥婦に対する禁煙支援方法について自由記述質問用紙を用いて記述を求め，その結果について内容分析した．その結果，7の行動技法のカテゴリーに該当する記述が認められ，新たな１つのカテゴリーが抽出された．とりわけ，妊婦･褥婦に対して重要だとされている「社会的サポート」に該当する【周囲の人々を活用する支援】カテゴリーでは，82コードと最も多いコード数となった．「社会的サポート」の中でも，妊婦･褥婦だけを捉えるのではなく，彼女らを取り巻く周囲の人々を資源として活用する視点を有していた．一方で，妊婦･褥婦への禁煙支援指導として適切ではない記述もみられており，今後の教育方法において更なる工夫の必要性が示唆された

MIDCAB の Pitfall

金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系Six thoroughly selected patients underwent minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting (MIDCAB). While monitoring left ventricular function with transesophageal echocardiography, MIDCAB was done by performing small left thoracotomy through the fourth intercostal space, dissection of the left internal thoracic artery without thoracoscopy, ischemic preconditioning, and grafting of the internal thoracic artery to the left anterior descending coronary artery with 8-0 polypropylene continuous suture. A home-made cardiac stabilizer and Visuflow enabled us to perform precise suturing of the internal thoracic artery. The patency of all grafts was confirmed by early transthoracic Doppler echocardiography and selective angiography. A new stenosis of the coronary artery distal to the anastomosis was detected probably due to coronary snaring in one patient. The anastomosis sites were confined to the distal segments of the left anterior descending coronary artery in MIDCAB patients. The optimal anastomosis site may be missed in the patients with proximal left anterior descending artery disease. An experimental study of myocardial tissue oxygen saturation using near infrared spectroscopy showed that two times of coronary occlusion and reperfusion provided satisfactory effects of ischemic preconditioning. Measurement of the myocardial tissue oxygen saturation may be helpful for confirming effective ischemic preconditioning and a safe coronary occlusion during MIDCAB. Although MIDCAB is an attractive procedure, we should consider the accuracy of anastomosis, the risk of possible incomplete revascularization, the indications, and long-term results