Heat Dissipation Modeling Research of High Power LED Spot Lamp for Lighting

散热问题是lEd灯具成为新一代照明光源亟待解决的关键问题之一。提出一种lEd灯具散热建模方法:选用lEd射灯作为代表产品进行散热建模研究,采用三维造型软件建立lEd灯具产品三维模型,然后导入有限元流体热分析软件(Cfd)进行热仿真。研究散热仿真过程中的热阻设置、热量载荷计算和边界条件设定等关键问题,并求解lEd射灯的工作温度分布情况;将仿真分析结果与实验室测试数据进行对比分析研究。研究结果表明,运用该方法可以对室内照明lEd灯具进行较为准确的散热分析,仿真温度误差在4℃左右,仿真结果对灯具开发设计具有重要参考价值。Heat dissipation is one of the key problems need to be solved for LED lamps as a new generation of lighting light.A heat dissipation modeling method was presented for the LED lamp.The LED spot lamp was selected for dissipative research,3D models were established by modeling softwares,then the models were transferred into finite element thermal analysis software(CFD) for simulation.Several key aspects such as thermal resistance setting,heat load calculation and boundary conditions were considered in the analysis process,and the simulation result was compared with laboratory test data.The results show that the method can be used for accurate thermal analysis simulation of indoor LED lighting,with the temperature error less than 4 ℃,and the simulation result is of a great reference value for lighting design.国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAE01B10); 国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2011AA03A109

大型ヘリカル装置のIC聾アンテナと加熱特性

Ion－cyclotron heating was applied to the Large Helical Device by using single, trap loop antennas located at the outward side of the toroid. Good experimental results were obtaine with adequate plasma　confining configurations and antenna conditionings．Loading resistance of the antenna was2－8Ohm and　this was a sufficiently large value. Various heating characteristics were investigated by changing the　heating modes, ion species and magneticfield configurations．The minoriy-ion heating mode resulted in the best heating performances，and the heatin gcharacteristics largely depended on the cyclotron resonance positions．There were some unique features due to the heliotron configuration．These results showed the　effectiveness of the ICRF heating in a helical device and the appropriateness of the ICRF antenna design　in the LHD

A double-blind trial on the effect of alpha-adrenergic blocker (bunazosin hydrochloride) in the symptomatic treatment of prostatism

前立腺肥大症174例, 膀胱頸部硬化症31例, 計205例の前立腺症患者に対して, α-交感神経遮断剤である塩酸ブナゾシンを投与してその有効性と至適投与量を検討した.対象症例を4群に分け, 塩酸ブナゾシンの投与量は, 高用量群では初めの1週間を3 mg/日, その後の3週間を4.5 mg/日とした.以下同様に中用量群は1.5 mg/日から3 mg/日, 低用量群は0.15 mg/日から1.5 mg/日, 対照群は0.15 mg/日のままとした.その結果, 本剤による自覚症状を中心とした臨床的有効性が認められた.立ちくらみなどの副作用に注意しつつ, 少量から投与を開始して3 mg/日まで漸増投与することが望ましいと考えられたA double-blind placebo-controlled study of bunazosin for the treatment of symptomatic prostatism is reported, incorporating urologic departments of 25 hospitals. Four different doses of bunazosin hydrochloride was administrated orally to 174 patients having benign prostatic hyperplasia and 31 with bladder neck contracture for a period of four weeks; high dose group (45 patients, 3 mg/day for the first week followed by 4.5 mg/day for the next three weeks), middle dose group (45 patients, from 1.5 mg/day for the first week to 3.0 mg/day for the next three), low dose group (39 patient, 0.15 mg/day for the first to 1.5 mg/day for the next three) and a control group (40 patients, 0.125 mg/day for the entire four weeks). Subjective symptoms (urinary frequency, retarded urination, prolonged urination, condition of urinary stream and abdominal pressure at voiding) and objective signs (residual ratio, maximum and mean flow rate, voiding time) were observed and analyzed statistically. No bias in the background features was confirmed between any of the four groups. The subjective improvement rates evaluated by the attending doctors demonstrated a significant dose-dependent efficacy of bunazosin by H-test (p less than 0.01), although the objective improvement rates revealed no significant difference between any of the four groups. The global improvement rate evaluated by the same means demonstrated that the middle dose group was significantly superior to the control group (p less than 0.05 by U-test). According to each subjective symptom evaluated by the criteria of the drug efficacy, a dose-dependent significant (p less than 0.01) was noticed between the four groups in the improvement of the voiding condition. Although there was no significant difference by use of the H-test, the middle dose group had a significant superiority to the control group in the improvement rate of retarded voiding by use of the U-test (p less than 0.05). Only in the symptomatic cases of prolonged voiding, were dose-dependent significant differences observed between all four groups by use of the H-test (p less than 0.05). On the other hand, there was no significant difference between the four groups in the subjective or global improvement rates. Judging from the real data and the graded classification of objective signs, the high and middle dose groups were significantly superior to the control in terms of voiding time, and the high and low dose groups were the same as the control for residual urine ratio.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS

A double-blind trial on the effect of bunazosin hydrochloride for the symptoms of benign prostatic hypertrophy

前立腺肥大症に伴う排尿障害に対する塩ブナゾシンの臨床効果を, パラプロストおよびプラセボを対照薬とする多施設二重盲検比較試験により検討した.解析対象例は372例で塩酸ブナゾシン群129例, パラプロスト群118例, プラセボ群125例であった.層別解析の結果では, 前立腺所見, 自覚症状, 最大尿流量率, 残尿率において明瞭な所見を有する症例群では, 塩酸ブナゾシン群が有意に有用度においてパラプロスト群, プラセボ群より優る判定が得られたA multicenter clinical trial was carried out on 372 patients in double-blind conditions in order to determine the clinical effects of Ea-0643 (bunazosin hydrochloride) on voiding disorders in benign prostatic hypertrophy, compared with paraprost and placebo. Of the 372 patients, 129 were assigned to bunazosin hydrochloride, 118 to paraprost and 125 to placebo. The improvement rating for all five subjective symptoms improved with passage of time in all the bunazosin hydrochloride, paraprost and placebo groups. A higher improvement rating was obtained in the bunazosin hydrochloride group for retarded urination, urinary stream condition and abdominal pressure at voiding, while the improvement rating was higher for prolonged urination in the placebo group and for residual urine in the paraprost group, but there was no significant difference in improvement ratings between the groups. The daily frequency of voiding decreased to a significant extent in the bunazosin hydrochloride and placebo group at week 1, and there was a significant difference between the bunazosin hydrochloride and the paraprost groups and between the placebo and the paraprost groups. The improvement rating for conditions of voiding was higher with the bunazosin hydrochloride group, when "slightly or better improved" cases were taken into account, but there was no difference between the groups. As for objective symptoms, maximum and average flow rate, useful measures for clinical evaluation of drug effects on voiding disorders, were significantly increased, with a decrease to match in residual urine ratio in the bunazosin hydrochloride group. In terms of maximum and average flow rate bunazosin hydrochloride was significantly superior to paraprost at weeks 1 and 2 and superior to placebo at weeks 2 and 4 and at the final evaluation as well. In terms of residual urine ratio bunazosin hydrochloride was superior to both paraprost and placebo. The global improvement rating, as assessed by the U- and chi 2-tests, was significantly higher in the bunazosin hydrochloride group than in the paraprost group, and there was a significant difference in global improvement ratings, as assessed by the chi 2-test, between the placebo and the paraprost groups, when "moderately or better improved" cases were taken into account. The stratified analysis of the prostate glands, subjective symptoms, maximum flow rate and residual urine ratio revealed that in patients with more advanced conditions the bunazosin hydrochloride group showed significantly superior improvement rates than the paraprost and placebo groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS