Labor Migration and Income Inequality: Based on The Study of Chinese City

劳动力流动与收入差距问题是我国经济发展所面临的两个重要问题。随着城市化进程的推进，城市经济发展问题越来越受到人们的关注，然而，关于劳动力流动对收入差距影响的研究仍然集中在地区收入差距或城乡收入差距上，因此，从城市的角度研究劳动力流动对收入差距的影响具有重大意义。 本文从城市的视角出发，采用局部均衡模型探讨异质性劳动力流动对城市内部收入差距的影响问题。根据收入的构成，将劳动力流动对城市内部收入差距的影响分为结构效应和总量效应。结构效应主要从工资性收入差距的角度出发，反映劳动力流入人口的结构性差异导致的对城市不同收入阶层工资收入的差异性影响；总量效应则主要从财产性收入差距的角度出发，考虑城市劳动...The economic development of China is facing two important problems:labor migration and income inequality. Along with the advancement of urbanization, more and more people pay attention to the development of the city. However, the research on labor migration and income inequality is still focusing on the income inequality between regions or urban and rural areas. At this point, it is significant t...学位：经济学硕士院系专业：经济学院_西方经济学学号：1532012115203

The Synthesis and Characterization of Anion-Templated High-nuclear Silver Clusters

近年来，阴离子模板法应用于高核银簇的合成受到人们极大的关注。阴离子模板可以控制团簇的形状和尺寸，还深刻影响团簇的物理化学性质。引入新型的阴离子为模板是构筑结构新颖、性质优良的高核银簇合物的重要手段。本文通过不同的方法引入多样化的阴离子，包括简单的无机阴离子[ReO4]-、复杂的多酸阴离子[Mn3Mo14O56]17-，[MnMo6O24]6-以及碳负离子等，合成了一系列有趣的高核银簇合物，并发现了银簇的包裹形式对于稳定一些特殊的阴离子有重要作用。 论文主要有以下内容： 一、以NH4ReO4为前驱体合成银簇合物。将NH4ReO4和AgC≡CtBu和AgSbF6反应可以得到簇合物Ag24(C≡...In recent years, the anionic template used in high silver clusters nuclear synthesis is of great concern. Anionic template can control the shape and size of the clusters, but also a profound impact on the physical and chemical properties of the clusters. The introduction of new anion as a template is an important means to build a new structure, excellent properties of high nuclear Silver Clusters....学位：理学硕士院系专业：化学化工学院_物理化学学号：2052013115163

Tracking nitrogen pollutants in Xiamen coastal river via multiple techniques and strategy of water quality management

全球变化背景下海岸带地区面临多种环境压力,快速城镇化和人类活动导致河流与海湾营养盐污染和富营养化问题加重,污染溯源是水体达标方案编制与实施的重要; 环节.兼顾科学性与操作性,本文基于综合溯源思路,以厦门湾河流为例,于水质较差的枯水期开展水系沿程梯度调查,进行氮的生物地球化学过程解析,结合硝酸; 盐氮氧双位素及土地利用统计分析,探明氮污染关键源区和氨氮超标成因.结果表明,研究区63%的站位水中氨氮占无机氮的50%以上,沿下游方向氨氮污染加; 重,且与城镇与农村宅基地、渔塘的面积占比均呈正相关.土壤氮、粪肥及污水和化肥贡献了硝酸盐89%~; 91%的来源.最后,提出了污染减排(控源)、生态修复(增容)、以海定陆(统筹)的水体达标策略,为我国水污染防治与管理提供方法示范.Global change has imposed multiple environment stresses on coastal; waters. Rapid urbanization and increasing human perturbation resulted in; severe nutrient loadings followed by eutrophication in coastal waters.; Therefore source identification and tracking become critical for water; quality management. Based on its feasibility,here we conducted a case; study for Xiamen coastal river,in order to track possible nitrogen; pollution sources. Water quality was measured in the whole river during; dry season,in order to explore the biogeochemical processes of nitrogen.; With dual isotopic techniques (delta15N and delta18 O) and statistical; information of land uses,we identified the key source of nitrogen; pollutants,and clarified the causes leading to ammonium levels of; exceeding standards. Current results show that ammonium was the dominant; form (>50%) of dissolved inorganic nitrogen at 63% sampling sites.; Ammonium concentration increased along river downward and significantly; correlated with the areal proportion of built /residence lands and; aquaculture ponds in associate catchment. Soil organic nitrogen,manure; and sewage,and synthetic fertilizer contribute 89% ~ 91% of nitrate; sources. Therefore,we proposed that nitrogen emission; abatement,ecological restoration and integrated sea-land management; should be considered together for improving water quality management.; This study provides an important reference for national water pollution; control and management.国家重点研发计划; 国家自然科学基

股骨颈轴向控制髓内钉的研制及临床应用

[目的]研制股骨颈轴向控制髓内钉（axial controlled intramedullary nail of the femoral neck,ACINFN）治疗股骨转子间骨折及其临床应用.[方法]第一部分：制作Evans Ⅰ型股骨粗隆间骨折模型,设立对照组、ACINFN钉与A-P型Gamma钉组,比较二者在抗压和抗扭转试验上的差别.第二部分：通过影像学,术后患肢功能和术后并发症,对77例ACINFN钉和66例A-P型Gamma钉治疗的病例,术后随访进行综合评定.[结果]在300N的压力下,对照组、ACINFN钉组和A-P型Gamma钉组的压缩刚度分别为（1 568±366）、（1 167±92）和（224±66）N/mm,三组之间差异有统计学意义（F=85,P＜0.01）.扭角为5°时,对照组、ACINFN钉组和A-P型Gamma钉组的扭转刚度分别为（1.14±0.19）、（1.08±0.13）和（0.11±0.07）N·m/（5°）,三组之间差异有统计学意义（F=30.9,P＜0.01）.ACINFN钉术后达到解剖复位共65例（84.4%）,髋关节功能优良者共71例（92.2%）.术后并发症：异位骨化6例,（7.8%）,异物残留1例（1.3%）,无内固定断裂、颈螺钉穿出股骨头、髋内翻和继发性股骨骨折等严重并发症发生,ACINFN组明显优于A-P型Gamma钉组.[结论]ACINFN钉具有良好的生物力学性能、创伤小、解剖复位率高、髋关节功能恢复好和并发症少的优点,不失为治疗股骨转子周围部骨折可供选择的方法之一

鼠腹腔中弓形虫的增殖发育及S.D.对其的影响

对鼠腹腔中弓形虫速殖子的增殖发育的方式、过程及 S.D.对其的影响作了详细的考察 ,结果表明弓形虫的无性生殖方式有内二裂殖、纵二裂殖、裂殖生殖等 ,虫体以鼠腹腔内巨噬细胞的胞壁作为假包囊壁在其中增殖发育 ,经过 72 h的增殖生长 ,虫体成熟后突破假包囊逸出 ,S.D.可部分抑制速殖子增殖

The relation between the fluidity of cement paste without bleeding and concrete-slump-lost controlling ability

　在研制合成氨基磺酸系高效减水剂的过程中,对比了合成产品的无泌水水泥净浆在2h内的流动度和掺入了合成产品的混凝土在2h内的坍落度损失值。结果表明,利用合成产品的无泌水水泥净浆流动度的保持性能可以定性判定合成产品在保持混凝土坍落度方面的能力。采用这一方法,在检测合成产品性能的过程中,可以大大减少后期混凝土性能检测的试验量。This paper mainly discusses the performances of cement paste applying Point-AH superplasticizer of sulfonic acid series.And the fluidity of cement paste without bleeding in two hours and the slump loss of concrete in two hours are studied.The results show that the ability of the synthesis production to control the slump loss can be qualitatively determined through the ability to keep the fluidity of cement paste without bleeding.By this method,concrete experiments can be largely reduced in the performance testing of the synthesis production

Selectivity of biopolymer membranes using HepG2 cells

Bioartificial liver (BAL) system has emerged as an alternative treatment to bridge acute liver failure to either liver transplantation or liver regeneration. One of the main reasons that the efficacy of the current BAL systems was not convincing in clinical trials is attributed to the lack of friendly interface between the membrane and the hepatocytes in liver bioreactor, the core unit of BAL system. Here, we systematically compared the biological responses of hepatosarcoma HepG2 cells seeded on eight, commercially available biocompatible membranes made of acetyl cellulose&ndash;nitrocellulose mixed cellulose (CA&ndash;NC), acetyl cellulose (CA), nylon (JN), polypropylene (PP), nitrocellulose (NC), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polycarbonate (PC) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Physicochemical analysis and mechanical tests indicated that CA, JN and PP membranes yield high adhesivity and reasonable compressive and/or tensile features with friendly surface topography for cell seeding. Cells prefer to adhere on CA, JN, PP or PTFE membranes with high proliferation rate in spheriod-like shape. Actin, albumin and cytokeratin 18 expressions are favorable for cells on CA or PP membrane, whereas protein filtration is consistent among all the eight membranes. These results further the understandings of cell growth, morphology and spreading, as well as protein filtration on distinct membranes in designing a liver bioreactor.</p

中国物理海洋学研究70年：发展历程、学术成就概览

本文概略评述新中国成立70年来物理海洋学各分支研究领域的发展历程和若干学术成就。中国物理海洋学研究起步于海浪、潮汐、近海环流与水团,以及以风暴潮为主的海洋气象灾害的研究。随着国力的增强,研究领域不断拓展,涌现了大量具有广泛影响力的研究成果,其中包括:提出了被国际广泛采用的"普遍风浪谱"和"涌浪谱",发展了第三代海浪数值模式;提出了"准调和分析方法"和"潮汐潮流永久预报"等潮汐潮流的分析和预报方法;发现并命名了"棉兰老潜流",揭示了东海黑潮的多核结构及其多尺度变异机理等,系统描述了太平洋西边界流系;提出了印度尼西亚贯穿流的南海分支(或称南海贯穿流);不断完善了中国近海陆架环流系统,在南海环流、黑潮及其分支、台湾暖流、闽浙沿岸流、黄海冷水团环流、黄海暖流、渤海环流,以及陆架波方面均取得了深刻的认识;从大气桥和海洋桥两个方面对太平洋–印度洋–大西洋洋际相互作用进行了系统的总结;发展了浅海水团的研究方法,基本摸清了中国近海水团的分布和消长特征与机制,在大洋和极地水团分布及运动研究方面也做出了重要贡献;阐明了南海中尺度涡的宏观特征和生成机制,揭示了中尺度涡的三维结构,定量评估了其全球物质与能量输运能力;基本摸清了中国近海海洋锋的空间分布和季节变化特征,提出了地形、正压不稳定和斜压不稳定等锋面动力学机制;构建了"南海内波潜标观测网",实现了对内波生成–演变–消亡全过程机理的系统认识;发展了湍流的剪切不稳定理论,提出了海流"边缘不稳定"的概念,开发了海洋湍流模式,提出了湍流混合参数化的新方法等;在海洋内部混合机制和能量来源方面取得了新的认识,并阐述了混合对海洋深层环流、营养物质输运等过程的影响;研发了全球浪–潮–流耦合模式,推出一系列海洋与气候模式;发展了可同化主要海洋观测数据的海洋数据同化系统和用于ENSO预报的耦合同化系统;建立了达到国际水准的非地转(水槽/水池)和地转(旋转平台)物理模型实验平台;发展了ENSO预报的误差分析方法,建立了海洋和气候系统年代际变化的理论体系,揭示了中深层海洋对全球气候变化的响应;初步建成了中国近海海洋观测网;持续开展南北极调查研究;建立了台风、风暴潮、巨浪和海啸的业务化预报系统,为中国气象减灾提供保障;突破了国外的海洋技术封锁,研发了万米水深的深水水听器和海洋光学特性系列测量仪器;建立了溢油、危险化学品漂移扩散等预测模型,为伴随海洋资源开发所带来的风险事故的应急处理和预警预报提供科学支撑。文中引用的大量学术成果文献(每位第一作者优选不超过3篇)显示,经过70年的发展,中国物理海洋学研究培养了一支实力雄厚的科研队伍,这是最宝贵的成果。这支队伍必将成为中国物理海洋学研究攀登新高峰的主力军