屋鈍遺跡（2018年調査）で出土した脊椎動物遺体の概要

application/pdf論文(Article)departmental bulletin pape

セキツイ ドウブツ イタイ ニ ミル アマミ ト オキナワ

今回は、まず奄美大島笠利町安良川遺跡、同マツノト遺跡の分析結果について報告する。次に、両遺跡および用見崎・ナガラ原東の分析結果に他遺跡のデータも加えて、貝塚時代後期における魚類・鳥獣類利用の様相について奄美大島と沖縄を比較し、それぞれの地域性とその背景について検討する

セキツイ ドウブツ イタイ カラ ミタ アマミ オキナワ ノ カンキョウ ト ナリワイ

Palaeoenvironment and resource use in the prehistoric Amami and Okinawa islands were investigated based on archaeofossils of vertebrate fauna. Evidence of forest animals such as wild boars and tortoises shows that the islands were covered with evergreen broadleaf forests in the Shell Midden period (ca. 5000 BC-AD 1100) but clearance started in the Gusuku period (12th-15th centuries) and spread rapidly thereafter. Most of the fish found in the archaeofauna live in and around coral reefs and are the same as present, demonstrating that the maritime environment of the islands has been constant from the Shell Midden period to the present. Fishing of coral reef fish and wild boar hunting had been consistently predominant through the Shell Midden period except at Noguni shell midden, the oldest Holocene site of the Ryukyu Islands, where fishing is almost absent. The introduction of pigs and cattle into the Ryukyus possibly dates back to the Shell Midden period but, if anything, they seem to have been minor subsistence elements at that time. In the Gusuku period, the breeding of domesticated animals flourished, while fishing and hunting declined. These changes in land environment and vertebrate resource use in the Gusuku period are presumed to have been provoked by the development of agriculture including rice cultivation