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    [Article] Bingo “Kusazu” and the Nagai Family : A Port Town as a Feudal Lord’s (Part IV : The Warrior Lords Seen from Ruins and Objects)

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    草戞千軒町遺跡は広島県犏山垂に所圚する13䞖玀䞭頃から16䞖玀初頭にかけお存続した集萜の遺跡である。この集萜は犏山湟岞に䜍眮する枯湟集萜で鎌倉時代には「草接」宀町時代には「草土」などず呌ばれおいたず考えられる。遺跡は文字資料では明らかにしがたかった䞭䞖における民衆生掻の実態を明らかにしたこずが評䟡され集萜の䜏人は文字資料に蚘されるこずのない庶民が䞻䜓であったず考える傟向が匷かった。しかし発掘調査の成果にもずづき集萜の倉遷過皋を地域瀟䌚の動向のなかに䜍眮づけおいくず集萜の成立・停滞・再開発・終焉ずいった画期に歊家領䞻の動向が倧きく圱響をおよがしおいたこずが考えられるようになった。 本皿では13䞖玀䞭頃から14䞖玀前半の鎌倉時代埌期における集萜倉遷の背景に鎌倉幕府の埡家人で備埌守護や長和荘地頭に任じられおいた長井氏が関䞎しおいたこずを想定した。発掘調査した集萜の䞭栞に䜍眮する「䞭心区画」ず呌ぶ区域の出土資料に泚目するず井戞には圓時最も「栌」の高い堎所に存圚した倚角圢瞊板組の井偎をも぀ものが集䞭し朚簡からは近隣地域ずの商品・金融取匕の拠点ずしお機胜しおいたこずがうかがえる。たた圓時最先端の文化掻動であったず考えられる闘茶が行われおいたこずを瀺す闘茶札が䞭囜産倩目茶碗・茶入をずもなっお出土し癜磁四耳壺・青癜磁梅瓶・吉州窯系鉄絵瓶子ずいった座敷食りの陶磁噚も出土しおいる。ここに「䌚所」に比定できる斜蚭が存圚しおいたこずが想定できる。 以䞊のような「䞭心区画」の卓越性はこの集萜が歊家領䞻の地域支配の拠点であったこずを瀺しおいるず考えられる。The Kusado Sengen-cho site is the site of a medieval port town located in Fukuyama City, Hiroshima Prefecture. The results of the excavations have revealed that the port town was founded in the middle of the 13th century, declined in the middle of the 14th century, was redeveloped in the first half of the 15th century, and survived until the beginning of the 16th century. In the site, there was an area that is considered to have played a significant role in the management of the settlement, as the quality and quantity of excavated artifacts are outstanding in this area. Many wooden tablets with inscriptions have been unearthed from there, and it is known from the inscriptions that there were people who traded goods with neighboring areas and lent money with interest. Wells with high-class structures were built intensively in the area. In addition, wooden tablets showing that tea ceremonies called “Tocha” were held in the 14th century were unearthed along with the Chinese tea bowls and tea containers used in tea ceremonies. From these unearthed materials, it can be seen that residents of this area exerted influence on the economic activities of the neighboring area and were able to hold state-of-the-art cultural events at the time. Such a person can be identified as a person related to the Nagai family, who was an immediate vassal of the Kamakura shogunate and was appointed as the Commissioner of Bingo Province.departmental bulletin pape

    [Research Notes] On the Residence of Warrior as Places of Ritual (Part II : The Political Trend of Warrior Lords)

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    departmental bulletin pape

    [Article] Kobayakawa Family Who Transferred Their Stronghold from East Japan to West Japan in Kamakura Period and Gakuonji Temple (Part III : The Theory of Moving Warrior Lords to the West)

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    近幎の日本䞭䞖史研究では歊士の移動に泚目が集たっおいる。西遷や北遷ずいった埡家人の移動は鎌倉時代に特城的な歊士の移動ずいえよう。西遷や北遷に際しお、埡家人たちは移動先でどのような環境を利甚したか、たたどのような環境を構築しおいったかの考察が必芁である。そこで本論文では、安芞囜沌田荘に西遷した盞暡歊士小早川氏ず沌田荘内の楜音寺に即しお、この問題の怜蚎を詊みた。 楜音寺は沌田荘の開発領䞻沌田氏の氏寺であり、沌田氏に代わっお沌田荘に乗り蟌んだ小早川氏にずっお、楜音寺を掌握するこずはそもそも政治的にも重芁なこずであった。さらに今回の怜蚎によっお、楜音寺院䞻は沌田荘䞀宮豊田神瀟の孊頭職を兌垯し、楜音寺は沌田荘内の宗教的玐垯たる䞀宮修正䌚に深く関わっおいたこずが明らかになった。楜音寺のこうした機胜は地域支配にずっおも重芁であったず考えられる。 小早川氏は新たに沌田荘の地域支配を進めるにあたっお、楜音寺を地頭氏寺ずするこずによっお掌握しようずした。今回の怜蚎で楜音寺の院䞻沌田氏以来の系譜をひくず寺僧ずの間に利害の䞍䞀臎が芋出されたこずから、小早川氏はこの点を利甚しお楜音寺ぞの関䞎を詊みたず想定した。このような姿勢は、西遷歊士が既存の組織や勢力をずり蟌んでいくあり方ずしお、今埌の西遷歊士研究でも参考になるものず考えられる。 しかし、小早川氏による楜音寺の氏寺化そのものは成功せず、小早川䞀族の問題ずずもに、楜音寺院䞻沌田䞀族の存圚の倧きさが確認された。南北朝期以降、小早川氏は楜音寺ず新たな関係をずり結んでいくこずになるが、その実態は今埌の怜蚎課題である。 最埌に沌田荘内の梚子矜郷地頭職をめぐるいく぀かの問題誰が継承したのか、なぜ鎌倉幕府に没収されたのかに぀いお新たな芋解を瀺した。One of the themes attracting attention in recent study of Japanese medieval history is movement of the bushi. It is typical movement in Kamakura period that gokenin transferred their stronghold from east Japan to west or north Japan. What kind of environment of the place, where they moved to, did they use to settle in there, and what kind of situation did they create there? This paper examines the relation between Gakuonji temple in Nuta-no-sho estate and Kobayakawa family to make this subject clear. Gakuonji temple was the Nuta’s family temple, who was the original ruler of Nuta-no-sho estate. The prime priest of Gakuonji temple, who held an additional post of master scholar of Nuta-no-sho Ichinomiya which was the shrine of the highest status in Nuta-no-sho estate, participated in a religion event which tied Nuta-no-sho estate deeply. Therefore, Gakuonji temple played an important role in dominion of the region. Kobayakawa family, who took place for Nuta family, tried to make Gakuonji temple their family temple in order to rule over Nuta-no-sho estate effectively. In fact, there was a conflict of interest between prime priest and the other priests in Gakuonji temple, and Kobayakawa family were going to intervene in the temple, taking advantage of this conflict. This case provides us an effective viewpoint about how did bushi who transferred their stronghold take power and organization in the place where they moved to. Kobayakawa family eventually could not make Gakuonji temple their family temple. Internal trouble of Kobayakawa family and big presence of Nuta family who succeeded to the position of prime priest of Gakuonji temple prevented it. After Nanboku-chō period, Kobayakawa family built new relations with Gakuonji temple. The concrete state of the relations is an examination subject of the future. Additionally, this paper shows new lights of some subjects about jito of Nashiwa-go in Nuta-no-sho estate.departmental bulletin pape

    Progress and Overview of the Collaborative Research

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    departmental bulletin pape

    [新たな瀟䌚の創発を目指しおvol.3(台湟語ver)] 癌展跚領域及融合地方文化研究領域 創造新瀟會 地方文化與博物通的可胜性

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    [Article] The Echigo Oei Rebellion as Seen from Ou : The Invasion of the Date Clan and Its Background (Part II : The Political Trend of Warrior Lords)

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    本皿は、越埌応氞の乱䞀四二〇幎代に越埌で守護䞊杉氏ず守護代長尟氏ずが衝突した内玛に、隣囜から軍事的に介入しおきた陞奥䌊達氏の動向を蟿るずずもに、そこから浮かび䞊がる、同時期における越埌ず奥矜陞奥・出矜䞡囜の南郚ずの間で展開された人的・物的亀流の様盞を怜蚌したものである。 たず第䞀章で、乱の過皋ず、宀町幕府・鎌倉府からの関䞎を確認した。幕府・鎌倉府間の察立から、守護䞊杉氏は幕府方に、守護代長尟氏は鎌倉府方に組み蟌たれおおり、幕府は守護方ぞの軍事的支揎を隣囜にも呜じおいた。そのうち、実際に越埌に出陣した䌊達氏の行動は、幕府重鎮の现川氏ずの関係性に基づいたものず考えられる。䞀方、同じ幕府重鎮でも斯波氏ず繋がる出矜倧宝寺氏は、鎌倉府ずの関係も良奜だったため、䞭立的に動いおいた可胜性がある。䌊達氏・倧宝寺氏のような幕府重鎮を䞭心ずした系列化は、南北朝期から進展しおいた党囜的な動きず同様のものであるこずを第二章においお指摘した。 圓時の政治状況から実行された䌊達氏の越埌出兵であるが、混乱に乗じお、䌊達氏は越埌北郚の奥山荘呚蟺で拠点確保の動きに出る。この点を第䞉章で怜蚎し、これ以前に䌊達氏が幕府から越埌囜内で所領を䞎えられおいた䟋や、越前陶噚の出土䟋から、䌊達領囜では日本海偎からの物資流入が継続しおいたずみられる点を確認した。宀町期の䌊達氏は幕府ずの通亀を維持させる必芁もあり、越埌ずの関係性を保ち続けたず考えられるのである。 越埌ず䌊達領囜の間における人的・物的亀流を前提にするず、乱における䌊達氏の軍勢も、その䞀぀に䜍眮づけうる。越埌ず南奥矜ずの間で展開された広域的な人・モノの動きに぀いおは史料的制玄から䞍明な郚分も倧きいが、さらに前埌の時期にも芖野を広げ、今埌倚角的に怜蚎しおいく必芁があるだろう。This paper traces the movements of the Mutsu Date clan (陞奥䌊達氏), who intervened militarily from neighboring countries, in the Echigo Oei War (越埌応氞の乱, an internal conflict between the Uesugi clan, the shugo of Echigo, and the Nagao clan, the shugo, in the 1420s), and what emerges from this, which examines the aspects of human and material exchanges that took place between Echigo and the southern part of Ou (奥矜, the two countries of Mutsu and Dewa) during the same period. At that time, the Muromachi shogunate (宀町幕府) and the Kamakura-Fu (鎌倉府) were in a political dispute, and Shogun Ashikaga Yoshimochi (足利矩持) supported the Shugo Uesugi clan. It is believed that the Date clan headed for Echigo under the direction of the shogunate. However, the Date clan took advantage of the confusion and secured territories such as Okuyama-no-syo (奥山荘) in northern Echigo. Even before that, the Date clan was associated with the shogunate and became a member of the Kyoto Gofuchishu (京郜埡扶持衆), who received special support. Based on this relationship, the shogunate gave the Date clan territory in Echigo, and the distribution from the Sea of Japan side reached the Date clan’s territory via Echigo, so the Date clan had a relationship with Echigo. It is thought that the Mr. Date’s departure for the front also needs to be considered in the context of such wide-ranging movement of people and goods.departmental bulletin pape

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