面向过程文本的合规性检查方法

合规性检查是过程挖掘领域的重要场景之一, 其目标是判断实际运行的业务行为与理想的业务行为是否一致, 进而为业务过程管理提供决策依据. 传统的合规性检查方法存在度量指标过多、效率低等问题. 此外, 现有研究在检查过程文本与过程模型之间的合规性时严重依赖专家知识. 为此, 提出面向过程文本的合规性检查方法.首先, 基于过程模型的执行语义生成图轨迹, 并利用词向量模型提取图轨迹中的结构特征. 同时, 引入霍夫曼树提升词向量模型的效率. 接着, 对过程文本和模型中的活动特征进行提取, 并利用孪生机制提升训练效率. 最后, 对所有特征进行融合, 并利用全连接层预测过程文本与过程模型之间的一致性得分. 实验表明, 所提方法的平均绝对误差值要比已有方法低 2 个百分点. Conformance checking is one of the important scenarios in the field of process mining, and its goal is to determine whether the actual running business behavior is consistent with the desired behavior and then provide a basis for business process management decisions. Traditional methods of conformance checking face the problems of too many metrics and low efficiency. In addition, the existing methods for checking the conformance between process text and process model rely heavily on expert-defined knowledge. Therefore, this study proposes a process text-oriented conformance checking method. Firstly, the study generates graph traces based on the execution semantics of the process model and obtains the structural features by the word vector model from graph traces. At the same time, Hoffman trees are introduced to reduce the computational effort. Then, the word vector representation of the process text and the activities is performed. The study also uses the Siamese mechanism to improve training efficiency. Finally, all the features of the text and the model are fused, and then the consistency score between the text and the model is predicted using a fully connected layer. Experiments show that the average absolute error value of the method in this study is two percentage points lower than that of existing methods. © 2024 Chinese Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved

大熊猫粪便中线粒体基因库特点研究

为了解大熊猫（Ailuropoda melanoleuca）肠道脱落细胞中线粒体DNA（mtDNA）的异质性特点及其与年龄的关系，以92只不同年龄的大熊猫粪便为材料，通过扩增子高通量测序研究非编码的D-loop区、编码rRNA的16S rRNA区以及编码蛋白质的ND1和ND2区的异质性。结果显示：D-loop区存在3个异质性热点区段，突变碱基的数量远远高于其他3个编码区；D-loop区TS/TV小于16S rRNA和ND两个编码区，表明后两者较D-loop区受到更强烈的纯化选择；ND区第3位密码子的突变频率显著高于前两位，选择压力最低。此外，16SA3、ND1A6和ND2A7三个编码区的异质性可能与年龄相关。上述结果表明，大熊猫粪便DNA的异质性突变构成了一个多样性较高的线粒体基因库，突变在组织细胞水平上受到自然选择的作用。该线粒体基因库为揭示动物适应性进化机制、个体对环境的适应方式、个体适合度和动物与肠道微生物及环境的关系等提供一个全新的角度，也可能成为有潜力的大熊猫个体年龄预测标记

Prediction of Energy Resolution in the JUNO Experiment

International audienceThis paper presents the energy resolution study in the JUNO experiment, incorporating the latest knowledge acquired during the detector construction phase. The determination of neutrino mass ordering in JUNO requires an exceptional energy resolution better than 3% at 1 MeV. To achieve this ambitious goal, significant efforts have been undertaken in the design and production of the key components of the JUNO detector. Various factors affecting the detection of inverse beta decay signals have an impact on the energy resolution, extending beyond the statistical fluctuations of the detected number of photons, such as the properties of liquid scintillator, performance of photomultiplier tubes, and the energy reconstruction algorithm. To account for these effects, a full JUNO simulation and reconstruction approach is employed. This enables the modeling of all relevant effects and the evaluation of associated inputs to accurately estimate the energy resolution. The study reveals an energy resolution of 2.95% at 1 MeV. Furthermore, the study assesses the contribution of major effects to the overall energy resolution budget. This analysis serves as a reference for interpreting future measurements of energy resolution during JUNO data taking. Moreover, it provides a guideline in comprehending the energy resolution characteristics of liquid scintillator-based detectors