Effects of mixed-culture densities of Spartina alterniflora on eco-physiological characteristics of Kandelia candel seedling

按照不同密度将互花米草与秋茄进行混种,对比研究胁迫条件下秋茄幼苗生长、光合特性及其渗透调节物质变化规律。结果表明,低密度互花米草促进秋茄的茎长以及各部分生物量,高密度则起抑制作用。随着互花米草密度的增大,秋茄幼苗叶片光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、水分利用率和蛋白含量均下降;相反,胞间CO2浓度、可溶性糖、淀粉、脯氨酸含量却上升,这些变化有利于对抗互花米草带来的不利影响。 【英文摘要】 Kandelia candel seedlings were mix-cultured with Spartina alterniflora of different densities for 120 days,and their growth,photosynthetic characteristics as well as osmotic adjustment law were studied.The results showed that the stem height and biomass of K.candel seedlings were enhanced with low density S.alterniflora and inhabited with high density ones.With the density of S.alterniflora going up,Pn、Gs、Tr、WUE and protein content in K.candel seedlings decreased respectively.On the contrary,the content of ...国家自然科学基金资助项目(30670317,30271065);; 福建省自然科学基金资助项目(D0210001

The properties of action potential and sodium-calcium exchange tail current of rabbit right ventricular outflow tract myocytes

目的研究兔右室流出道(rVOT)心肌细胞动作电位及钠钙交换尾电流(InCX,TAIl)相关特性,探讨源于rVOT室性心律失常的发生机制。方法采用全细胞膜片钳技术记录兔右室(rV)游离壁和rVOT心肌细胞的动作电位,在不更换细胞及电极内液情况下连续记录InCX,TAIl,对比分析两者动作电位和InCX,TAIl特性。结果兔rVOT心室肌细胞动作电位复极时程(APd)的变异程度大于rV游离壁心肌细胞。在rVOT心肌细胞记录到早期后除极及显著延长的APd。动作电位显著延长及后除极的rVOT心肌细胞所对应的InCX,TAIl到达峰值时程较动作电位正常的细胞延迟,并且电流强度大于rV游离壁对照组心肌细胞(P<0.05)。结论 rVOT心肌细胞APd变异程度大,而且APd显著延长的rVOT细胞InCX,TAIl到达峰值时程延迟及相应电流显著增大,这是rVOT部位好发触发活动的重要机制。Objective To explore the electrophysiological basis of arrhythmogenesis in right ventricular outflow tract(RVOT) myocytes of rabbit heart.The properties of action potential and sodium-calcium exchange tail current(INCX,tail) in rabbit RVOT cells were observed.Methods Patch-clamp technique was used to measure INCX,tail and action potential in single myocytes obtained by enzymatic dispersion of rabbit ventricle.Results Marked variability of action potential repolarization was observed in rabbit RVOT cardiomyocytes.The events of early afterdepolarization(EAD) and marked action potential duration(APD) extension were recorded in RVOT cells.The peak of INCX,tail was delayed significantly in marked APD extension RVOT cells compared to RV free wall cells,and the amplitude of INCX,tail in the former was larger than the latter ones(P<0.05).Conclusion In rabbit RVOT cardiomyocytes,prolonged APD might be the induction factor of delayed afterdeporization and EAD genesis.Under this precondition,the late-peaking and larger amplitude of INCX,tail in RVOT cells might play pivotal role in the mechanism of RVOT arrhythmogenesis.厦门市卫生局资助项目(No.A0000258

Species diversity in mangrove wetlands of China and its causation analyses

作者简介: 何斌源( 1969 ~ ), 男, 广西东兴市人, 博士生, 主要从事海洋生态学研究. E-mail: [email protected] * 通讯作者Corresponding author. E-mai:l [email protected][中文文摘]目前中国红树林湿地共记录了2854种生物,包括真菌136种、放线菌13种、细菌7种、小型藻类441种、大型藻类55种、维管束植物37种、浮游动物109种、底栖动物873种、游泳动物258种、昆虫434种、蜘蛛31种、两栖类13种、爬行类39种、鸟类421种和兽类28种。这些动物中有8种国家一级保护动物,75种二级保护动物。中国红树林湿地是中国濒危生物保存和发展的重要基地,并在跨国鸟类保护中起着重要作用。中国红树林湿地单位面积的物种丰度是海洋平均水平的1766倍。从初级生产物质基础、食物关系多样性、宏观尺度和微观尺度的空间异质性、生境利用的时序性等方面分析了中国红树林湿地物种多样性极其丰富的原因。 [英文文摘]To date,total of 2854 species of organisms were recorded in Chinese mangrove wetlands,including 136 species of fungi,13 species of actinobacteria,7 species of bacteria,441 species of microalgae,55 species of macroalgae,37 species of vascular plants,109 species of zooplankton,873 species of macrobenthos,258 species of nektons,434 species of insects,31 species of spiders,13 species of amphibians,39 species of reptiles,421 species of birds and 28 species of mammals.Among them,8 species belonged to the category 1 of Chinese national protected animals and 75 species belonged to the category 2.Chinese mangrove wetlands are very important bases for the conservation and development of the endangered species to China,and playing a critical role in the international activities for protecting the migrating birds.The species abundance in Chinese mangrove wetlands was 1766 times as much as that for the averaged species abundance in Chinese sea fields.The prolific species diversity in Chinese mangrove wetlands can be attributed to their high primary productivity,high diversity in their consumers’ food preferences,high spatial heterogeneity at macroscopical and microscopic scale levels,and their dynamic temporal sequence in habitat utilization.国家自然科学基金资助项目(40676050);联合国环境规划署(UNEP)全球环境基金(GEF)资助项目;广西科学基金资助项目(0640014

Effect of salinity on microbial densities of soil in the dilution plate technique applied in mangrove areas

作者简介:张瑜斌(1970～) ,男,湖南郴州人,博士,副教授,主要从事海洋微生物学与海洋生态学研究. E2mail: zhangyb@gdou. edu. cn 通讯作者Corresponding author. E2mail: linpeng@jingxian. xmu. edu. cn[中文文摘]在使用稀释平板法分离潮间带红树林及其对照光滩土壤微生物以及计数时,多数情况下使用陈海水制作培养基和稀释水,很少考虑培养基和稀释水的盐度对最终计数结果的影响。使用稀释平板法研究了盐度对福建九龙江口红树林区与深圳福田红树林保护区土壤微生物平板计数的影响,结果表明培养基与稀释水盐度对微生物数量有明显的影响。统计分析显示细菌的海水稀释效果优于淡水,而放线菌与真菌则刚好相反(P<0.05,一个例外)。海水不适合配制红树林区土壤微生物平板计数的培养基,从0~35,高盐度的平板培养基会降低微生物的数量,尤其是放线菌的数量,尽管培养基的盐度对真菌影响无规律,但细菌数量在低盐度时比在高盐度和不加氯化钠时要多。根据盐度效应,提出了稀释平板技术应用于潮间带的红树林及其相应光滩时的优化方法,认为细菌应该用海水作无菌稀释水,而放线菌和真菌则应用淡水作稀释水;包括光滩在内的红树林区土壤微生物分离与计数的培养基宜控制较低盐度范围。[英文文摘]When the soilmicrobial densities are determined in mangroves and correspondingmudflat at the same tidal level by the dilution p late method, the agarmedia and dilution water are generallymade up of aged seawater in most cases, and effects of salinity in agar media and dilution water on the enumeration of microbes is seldom taken into consideration. The effects of salinity on soil microbial counting from the samples in mangrove areas in Jiulongjiang Estuary of Fujian, and Futian Mangrove Nature Reserve of Shenzhen, China, were tested by dilution p late technique. The results showed that the soil microbial densities in mangroves and mudflat were significantly influenced by the salinity of dilution water and agarmedia. For the bacteria, the seawater served as sterilized dilution water was significantly ( P < 0. 05) more benefic to the enumeration on the p lates than the freshwater, but in reverse for the actinomycetes and fungi. The increasing salinity of media within 35 significantly decreased microbial colonies on the p lates, especially for the actinomycetes, in sp ite of the fact that the effect of salinity ofmedia on fungal numberswas not indefinite. The bacterial colonieswere more abundant on the agar p lates with low salinity than with high salinity or without any NaCl. It was p roposed that some methodological imp rovements were needed when the dilution p late technique was app lied to microbial counting in the samp les of mangrove forest and mudflat at the same tidal level in inter2tidal zone. The sterilized dilution water should be p repared with seawater for the bacteria, but with freshwater or low saline water for the actinomycetes and fungi. The salinity of agarmedia should be low for the microbial isolation and enumeration of soil samples from the mangrove areas including mudflats.国家自然科学基金资助项目(30270272

一种单驱动机器人腰部结构的运动学分析

针对现在机器人多驱动并且其运动学特性和控制系统复杂的情况,设计了一种具有躲闪功能的机器人腰部结构,该结构具有单驱动、多自由度、结构简单、运动分级精确并且易控制的特点。介绍了该机器人腰部结构的运动学原理及相关初始参数的选择,并用Denavit-Hartenberg（D-H）法求解出上身在不同情况下的坐标变换矩阵,并得出机器人的正解和逆解;最后建立了该结构的三维模型,简化并导入ADAMS软件进行运动学仿真分析,并通过实验验证了该结果

焦化生化出水电渗析脱盐研究

采用电渗析技术对焦化生化出水如曝气生物滤池出水及反渗透浓水进行脱盐,考察不同废水中的离子迁移、废水脱盐及离子交换膜污染情况。结果表明:2种焦化废水采用电渗析处理具有较好的脱盐效果,其中不同离子的迁移脱除与其浓度、离子半径等密切相关。膜电阻测试表明,不同焦化废水电渗析体系中不同离子交换膜的污染存在差别。扫描电镜和红外分析表明,曝气生物滤池出水主要由有机物造成阴离子交换膜污染,而反渗透浓水主要在电渗析浓室侧的膜表面形成颗粒状的无机污染,且阳膜浓室侧比阴膜浓室侧更显著

焦化生化出水电渗析脱盐研究

采用电渗析技术对焦化生化出水如曝气生物滤池出水及反渗透浓水进行脱盐,考察不同废水中的离子迁移、废水脱盐及离子交换膜污染情况。结果表明:2种焦化废水采用电渗析处理具有较好的脱盐效果,其中不同离子的迁移脱除与其浓度、离子半径等密切相关。膜电阻测试表明,不同焦化废水电渗析体系中不同离子交换膜的污染存在差别。扫描电镜和红外分析表明,曝气生物滤池出水主要由有机物造成阴离子交换膜污染,而反渗透浓水主要在电渗析浓室侧的膜表面形成颗粒状的无机污染,且阳膜浓室侧比阴膜浓室侧更显著

焦化生化出水电渗析脱盐研究

采用电渗析技术对焦化生化出水如曝气生物滤池出水及反渗透浓水进行脱盐,考察不同废水中的离子迁移、废水脱盐及离子交换膜污染情况。结果表明:2种焦化废水采用电渗析处理具有较好的脱盐效果,其中不同离子的迁移脱除与其浓度、离子半径等密切相关。膜电阻测试表明,不同焦化废水电渗析体系中不同离子交换膜的污染存在差别。扫描电镜和红外分析表明,曝气生物滤池出水主要由有机物造成阴离子交换膜污染,而反渗透浓水主要在电渗析浓室侧的膜表面形成颗粒状的无机污染,且阳膜浓室侧比阴膜浓室侧更显著

A STUDY ON THE TIME-DOMAIN ATTENUATION CHARACTERISTICS of A SHALLOW SEA ACOUSTIC CHANNEL

研究了浅海声信道“时域衰落”与海况、波高、中心频率和作用距离的关系。结果表明：在相同海况下，波浪愈高，振幅起伏愈明显；在同样作用距离、深度下，中心频率20kHz是信道较好的传播频率，其振幅起伏小，自相关时间较长；在该声道中，作用距离在2000─2500M处振幅起伏最大。This paper studies the relations between "time-domain attenuation" and sea state or wave height, center Frequency or transmitting range.It is shown that (1) under similar sea state conditions, the higher the wave heights, the more serious the amplitude Fluctuations;(2) in the experimental sea area, the center Frequency 20 kHz was a better transmission Frequency, i.e.less amplitude Fluctuation and longer autocorrelation time;(3) the amplitude Fluctuation was maximum at a transmitting range of about 2 0002 500m in the experimental sea area.国家自然科学基

A Comparative Study on the Extration of β-carotene and its Content of the Ten Species of Dunaliella (Chlorophyceae)

建立了从杜氏藻鲜藻中直接提取、纯化β-胡萝卜素及快速检测其含量的新方法，发现在十种（株）杜氏藻dunAlIEllAbArdAuIl中生成β-胡萝卜素的量最高，达藻干重的4.19%，在最佳条件下可达13%，经动物急性毒性实验测得小鼠对杜氏藻β-胡萝卜素的最大耐受量＞240Mg·kg￣（-1）.A new method has been used For extraction,puriFication and determination of thecontent level of β-carotene From the green alga Dunaliella.It has been Found that D .bardauil can accu-mulate 4.19%β-carotene of its dried weight.The content of β-carotene is the highest level in the tenspecies(strains) of Dunaliella tested.Morever under a Favourable condition,D.bardauil is able to pro-duce β-carotene as much as 13% of its dried weight.According to the tolerance determination,thetolerance For rats to the β-carotene extracted From Dunaliella was more than 240 mg·kg￣(-1)