Application of immobilized microorganism in bioremediation of polluted water involved in mariculture and harmful algal blooms

固定化微生物技术作为一种新型的生物修复技术,具有高效、稳定、生物安全性较高等特点,已经广泛应用于各种污染水体的净化修复之中,也包括受污染日益严峻的近海养殖水体。综述从固定化微生物技术的出现和应用出发,对不同固定方法的优劣及其所擅长降解的污染物类型进行对比,对不同载体的特点进行分析,总结了固定化微生物技术在近海养殖水体污染修复的研究概况,并对当前该技术应用存在的问题进行分析和未来研究的方向进行展望。Immobilized microorganism is newly applied in bioremediation, which is high efficient, stabile and safe.Recently, it has been widely used in the purification of various polluted water, including the increasingly serious pollution of the offshore aquaculture water.This paper we first introduce the method of immobilized microorganism technology and the selection of carrier.Then we summarize the research advance in application of immobilized microorganism technology in the seriously polluted offshore aquaculture water.Finally we analyze the current problems existing in the application of the technology and discuss the future research needs.海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(No.201305016;201305022); 国家基金委-山东省联合基金项目(No.U1406403

The Applications of Confocal Raman Micro-Spectroscopy for study of practical electrode materials

本文简要介绍了实验室内有关利用共焦显微拉曼光谱于某些实用电极材料 (表面 )性能研究的结果 .具体的研究实例包括 :尖晶石锂锰氧化物中Li+ 的嵌入 脱出过程 ,AB5 型金属氢化物电极表面氧化物的性能和钢筋电极表面钝化膜及其孔蚀过程 .Some recent research work about applications of confocal Raman micro spectroscopy for study of practical electrode materials carried out in our lab has been briefly introduced. The examples include study of electrochemical Li + intercalation process, characterization of surface oxide film on AB 5 type electrodes and passive film and pitting corrosion of Rebar electrodes.作者联系地址：厦门大学固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室!化学系,物理化学研究所,福建厦门361005,厦门大学固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室!化学系,物理化学研究所,福建厦门361005,厦门大学固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室!化学系,物理化学研究所,福建厦门361005,厦门大学固体表面物理化学国Author's Address: State Key Lab for Phys. Chem. of Solid Surface, Xiamen Univ., Xiamen, 361005,Chin

Dynamic Evolution of Regional Ecological Services Based on TM Remote Sensing

针对传统评估区域生态系统服务价值空间异质性的问题,本研究将TM遥感影像与价值评估法相结合,测算出针对研究区域的当量因子表,并建立了只需遥感影像数据即可快速并较为精准地动态计算区域生态系统服务价值的多元回归模型。文章以北京市永定河、厦门市和青海省不同尺度为例,对该方法评估区域生态系统服务价值的可行性和准确性进行了讨论,以期为生态综合管理提供定量化参考依据。This paper discussed the dynamic evaluating of regional ecological services with remote sensing technique,based on the comprehensive analysis the character of indexes method and currently equivalent method applying to regional ecological services.With the established method in the literature,it discussed the practical possibility for evaluation the temporal and special regional ecological services in Yongding River,Xiamen and Qinghai province.Compared with the traditional static indexes evaluation,our method discussed the possibility of dynamically evolutional evaluation,in order to provide reference of ecosystem management.北京市科学技术委员会“永定河生态修复目标体系研究”(D090409004009003);北京市生态学重点学科项

微污染原水的生物流化床预处理技术试验研究

以二相颗粒活性炭生物流化床(FBBR)为反应器,对以有机物和NH4+N为主要污染物的某大城市内河原水进行了预处理试验研究,在HRT12～18min,气水比20～25∶1,回流比3～4∶1的条件下FBBR对CODCr、NH4+N、NO2-N、浊度、色度的去除率分别为4132%、100%、97%～100%、6880%、30%～50%,而且对NH4+N和NO2+N有较强的抗冲击负荷能力

天然气净化厂的废水处理设计与运行

天然气净化厂废水水质、水量波动大且含有大量难降解物质,难以稳定达标。采用水解酸化—好氧工艺处理天然气净化厂废水,出水可以稳定达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978—1996)的一级标准,可回用于循环冷却、绿化、冲厕、道路冲洗等。介绍了生物处理工艺的主要设计参数、控制参数以及运行经验,为实现天然气净化厂废水处理的节能减排提供参考

微污染原水生物预处理工艺中生物膜的形态和活性

研究发现微污染原水生物流化床预处理工艺中生物膜均匀覆盖于载体颗粒表面,厚度约为60～80μm,远小于污水生物处理工艺中的生物膜厚度;膜内微生物保持一定活性和对污染物的去除效率;以SOUR法测定的该条件下的生物膜活性远小于接种污泥的活性

节杆菌P-1和红球菌J-5处理含PVA废水研究

本文用节杆菌P-1和红球菌J-5处理含聚乙烯醇(PVA)的废水,分别考察了PVA浓度、HRT(水力停留时间)、温度等对PVA去除效果的影响。结果表明,节杆菌P-1对低浓度PVA废水的处理效果分别比红球菌J-5、活性污泥高10%、40%,出水可达到排放标准;P-1和J-5的最适HRT分别为12、18h,最适温度均为25～30℃。同时还考察了连续流小试试验效果和高浓度PVA废水的处理工艺,结果显示,节杆菌P-1运行稳定性好,出水能够稳定达标排放;高浓度废水经J-5菌处理12h后用P-1菌处理12h,出水能达

Screening of High Lipid-producing Fungus and Analysis of Composition of the Lipid

通信作者:[email protected][中文文摘]以早期从海洋环境中分离得到的38株海洋真菌为材料,采用苏丹黑染色法初筛,摇瓶法复筛,得到1株油脂产率相对较高(27.96%)的菌株MD2,经鉴定,该菌株为粘红酵母(Rhodotorula glutinis).再以MD2为出发菌株,经紫外诱变、亚硝基胍诱变和紫外-亚硝基胍复合诱变,最终得到突变菌株MD2-1;采用酸热法提取粘红酵母MD2-1的菌体油脂,测定了其产脂能力,并采用气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)测定其脂肪酸组成.结果表明:MD2-1的产脂能力较强,油脂质量达菌体干质量的45.32%,较MD2提高17.36%;MD2-1菌体油脂中检测出9种脂肪酸,其脂肪酸组成与植物油近似,其中10-十八(碳)烯酸占脂肪酸总量的71.53%,为10-十八(碳)烯酸工业化生产提供菌种资源,为其规模化生产奠定基础.[英文文摘]Thirty-eight marine fungi strains were isolated from marine environment and subjected to preliminary screening with Sudan Black dye and further screening by shake-flask culture.As a result,strain MD2 was found to have the highest lipid content of 27.96% and identified as Rhodotorula glutinis.The strain was mutagenized respectively with UV light,nitrosoguanidine(NTG) and their combination,obtaining the mutant MD2-1.The lipid was extracted from the strain Rhodotorula glutinis MD2-1 by acid-heat extracting methods,and its fatty acids was analyzed by GC-MS.The results showed that R.glutinis MD2-lexhbited strong ability to produce lipid,and the total amount of lipid represented an average of 45.32% of the dry strain weight..The fatty acid composition of the lipid from R.glutinis MD2-1 was similar to vegetable oil and fat,and the 10-octadecenoic acid accounted for 71.53% of the total fatty acids,so this research made a major significance:provided seed resources for industrial production of 10-octadecenoic acid and laid the foundation for its large-scale production.国家自然科学基金重点项目(40930847)、面上项目(31070442); 福建省自然科学基金项目(2012J01150