Research on Rural Financial Repression of China Based on the Supply Perspective

改革开放以来，“三农”问题在中国经济发展过程中一直处于“重中之重”的地位，农村经济的发展，农民收入的增加，是提高内需实现中国经济增长方式转变的关键所在。近年来，中央的支农政策越来越多，支农强度越来越大，并相应进行了一系列的农村金融改革，取得了一定的成就，但总的来说，目前农村金融仍存在着诸多问题，发展仍然滞后并阻碍着农村经济发展的步伐。因此，如何建立一个高效的农村金融体系，充分发挥其对中国农村经济发展的推动作用，变得极为迫切。 本文试着从供给视角对中国农村金融问题进行了深入系统地分析。首先，从农村金融总体发展水平、信贷结构以及金融机构等方面对中国农村金融发展现状进行了量化实证分析，实证结果表明...Since China’s reform and opening up, the “Three Rural” issue has became the most important in the process of China’s economic development. With the development of rural economy, the increasing of farmers’ income is the key to increase domestic demand for the transformation of China’s economic growth mode. In recent years, the government puts forward more and more policies about agricultural suppor...学位：经济学硕士院系专业：经济学院经济系_政治经济学学号：1532009115180

厦门新城建设体制创新研究

新城建设是厦门市委、市政府实施 十一五!规划中的一个重要工程, 事关厦门的 未来发展和形象。由于长期的城乡二元社会结构的影响, 厦门市的新城建设进程还存在许多 政策和体制性障碍问题, 这些问题得不到妥善解决, 势必影响厦门的新城发展, 影响厦门的城 乡一体化进程, 甚至影响厦门社会经济的协调发展。本文分析厦门市新城建设过程中存在的 诸多体制问题并提出相应的对策, 从而为厦门市新城建设的相关政策制定提供参考

单次静滴米卡芬净钠在健康成年志愿者的耐受性

目的评价中国健康受试者单次静脉滴注3种不同剂量注射用米卡芬净钠(抗真菌药)的安全性和耐受性。方法选择12名18～45岁健康受试者,男女各半,用自身三交叉试验设计,用分层随机法,依次接受静脉滴注3种不同剂量的米卡芬净钠,观察并记录受试者临床体征及各种生化指标结果,采用方差分析比较给药前后各项指标变化。结果单次静脉滴注米卡芬净钠50,100,150mg前后,受试者的体征及实验室检查指标变化,未见具有临床意义的差异。结论中国健康人群受试者恒速静滴3个剂量(50,100,150mg.h-1)米卡芬净均具有较好的耐受性

平潭实验区行政主体资格与管理权能的界定

注重制度建设,尤其是法律制度建制,是各种实验区、示范区走向成功的极为重要的条件,也是当前平潭实验区急切的现实需求。平潭实验区面临着行政主体定位不科学、行政管理权限范围模糊、行政管理授权不明等体制局限。平潭实验区的体制创新首先是法律创新问题,只有完善关于平潭实验区的立法,赋予实验区独立行政主体地位,创新有关经济、社会、行政管理等领域的体制机制,走向法治政府,才能使平潭真正发挥两岸交流合作中的“综合实验“作用,实现国家赋予它的历史使命,成为探索两岸交流合作新模式的先行区。厦门大学“985工程”-公共管理重点学科建设项目; 平潭综合实验区行政体制改革方案研究(平潭综合实验区管委会委托项目

Expression and purification of mucin 16 and preparation and characterization of anti-mucin 16 monoclonal antibody

目的:在原核生物中表达带有HIS标签的MuCIn 16n端重组蛋白(简称为HIS-MuCIn 16n),制备抗MuCIn 16的单克隆抗体(MAb)。方法:将MuCIn 16基因片段插入原核表达载体PET-32,在大肠杆菌中表达重组蛋白,用亲和纯化方法纯化后免疫bAlb/C小鼠,并进行细胞融合。筛选可稳定分泌抗MuCIn 16抗体的阳性单克隆杂交瘤细胞株,用WESTErnblOT、ElISA、免疫荧光和免疫组化等方法分析和鉴定抗MuCIn16的MAb。结果:表达并纯化了HIS-MuCIn 16n蛋白;筛选出几株可稳定分泌特异性抗人MuCIn 16 MAb的细胞株;挑选出效价高、特异性好的1株进行纯化。获得的抗MuCIn 16 MAb,可用于WESTErn blOT、ElISA、免疫组化、免疫荧光等检测,并鉴定该抗体亚型为Igg1。通过上述免疫学实验,分析了在不同肿瘤细胞中MuCIn 16的表达情况。结论:在原核生物中成功表达和纯化带HIS标签的MuCIn 16n重组蛋白,制备出具有高特异性的抗MuCIn16的MAb。AIM:To generate monoclonal antibodies(mAbs) against mucin 16 using purified recombinant protein of human mucin 16 N terminus with His tag(His-mucin 16N) as the antigen.METHODS: Mucin 16 N terminus was cloned into a prokaryotic expression vector pET-32.His-mucin 16N was then expressed in E.coli and purified by the affinity chromotography.Cell fusion was performed after the BALB/c mice were immunized with the purified His-mucin 16N protein.We screened hybridoma cell strains producing mAbs against mucin 16.The specificity and titer of the antibodies were characterized with ELISA,Western blotting,immunofluorescent and immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS: The recombinant protein of His-mucin 16N was expressed and purified.A few hybridoma cell strains which could secrete specific mAbs against mucin 16 were obtained,and one anti-mucin 16 mAb with good specificity and high titer was selected and purified.The isotype of this anti-mucin 16 mAb was determined as IgG1,which indicated that this anti-mucin 16 mAb could be used for ELISA,Western blotting,immunofluorescent and immunohistochemical staining.The endogenous expression of mucin 16 in various cancer cell lines or tissues was also examined with this anti-mucin 16 antibody by Western blotting and other immunoassays.CONCLUSION: The recombinant protein of His-mucin 16N was expressed and purified successfully,with which we prepared anti-mucin 16 mAb with good specificity and high titer.福建省科技重点项目(2011Y0050);厦门市科技计划创新项目(3502Z20123009

Down-regulation of TSPO expression doesn't affect the productions of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglia

目的研究相对分子质量(Mr)18 000转运蛋白(TSPO)基因表达下调对脂多糖(lPS)诱导bV-2小胶质细胞分泌Tnf-α,Il-1β和Il-6的影响。方法以rnA干扰技术建立TSPO基因表达下调的细胞模型,实时荧光定量PCr(QrT-PCr)和WESTErn blOT法检测转染TSPO SIrnA bV-2细胞TSPO MrnA及蛋白水平表达的效果;用QrT-PCr法检测TSPO基因下调后小胶质细胞bV-2在lPS作用下分泌Tnf-α、Il-1β和Il-6的MrnA水平表达的情况;ElISA检测TSPO基因下调小胶质细胞bV-2在lPS作用下分泌Tnf-α、Il-1β和Il-6的蛋白水平表达的变化。结果成功建立了TSPO基因下调的细胞模型,稳定表达TSPO SIrnA细胞的TSPO MrnA和蛋白水平表达均明显下降,TSPO基因下调后bV-2细胞在lPS作用下分泌Tnf-α、Il-1β和Il-6的量无变化。结论下调TSPO的表达对lPS刺激引起的小胶质细胞Tnf-α、Il-1β和Il-6的分泌无明显影响。Objective To evaluate the effect of translocator protein( TSPO,Mr18 000) on the productions of TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-6 in lipopolysaccharide( LPS)-stimulated BV-2 cells.Methods RNA interference technique was used to decrease TSPO expression in BV-2 cells.Western blotting was performed to assess the level of TSPO protein in BV-2 cells transfected with TSPO siRNA.Then the mRNA and protein levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 were measured in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells by real-time quantitative PCR( qRT-PCR) and ELISA,respectively.Results The level of TSPO protein obviously decreased in BV-2 cells transfected with TSPO siRNA.However,knockdown of TSPO had no effect on the productions of TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-6 in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells.Conclusion Down-regulated TSPO is not directly involved in regulating TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-6 productions induced by LPS in microglia.国家自然科学基金(81071182); 福建省医学创新项目(2009-CXB-46); 厦门大学生命科学学院细胞生物和肿瘤工程教育部重点实验室开发基金(2009101); 福建医科大学非直属附属医院科研发展专项基金(2008031

Characterization of NSE monoclonal antibodies and establishment of a double-antibody sandwich ELISA assay

通讯作者，E-mail: xtli@ xmu.edu.cn 作者简介: 丁焕弟( 1985 年－ ) ，女，在读硕士，主要从事抗肿瘤单克 隆抗体及诊断试剂盒的研究，E-mail: dinghuandi1125 @163.com。[中文文摘]目的:制备并鉴定NSE(Neuron-specific enolase)单克隆抗体,建立可检测NSE蛋白的双抗夹心ELISA方法。方法:用本实验室已表达纯化的NSE融合蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,采用杂交瘤技术制备单克隆抗体。采用WB、IP、IF、IHC等方法对获得的NSE单抗进行鉴定及亚型检测。利用辣根过氧化物酶标记纯化后的NSE单抗,建立一个可检测NSE蛋白的双抗夹心ELISA法。结果:通过分析和鉴定,选定2株可稳定分泌抗NSE抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,效价达4.2×107～6.5×107,亚型为IgG2b。免疫印迹结果显示,该抗体不仅能识别细胞内源NSE蛋白,还能识别分泌到细胞培养上清液中的NSE蛋白,此外还可用于免疫荧光及免疫组化检测。文中所建立的双抗夹心ELISA法,最低检测极限为8.85 ng/ml。结论:成功获得了效价高、灵敏度好及特异性强的NSE单抗,建立了一个双抗体夹心ELISA检测系统,具有良好的临床应用前景。[英文文摘]Objective: Preparation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against NSE protein，and establishment of a double-antibody sandwich ELISA assay． Methods: BALB/c mice were immunized by using purified recombinant NSE，and monoclonal antibodies were generated by hydridoma technique． These antibodies were characterized with ELISA，Western blot，Immunofluorescent and Immunohistochemical staining． The isotypes of these antibodies were determined with an antibody isotyping kit． With Horseradish Peroxidase labelled NSE monoclonal antibody，we were able to establish a double-antibody sandwich ELISA to detect NSE protein． Results: Two positive hybridoma cell lines were selected for test，the titers of these two monoclonal antibodies could reach 4． 2 × 107 －6. 5 × 107，and their isotypes were IgG2b． Our NSE antibodies could detect not only endogernous NSE protein from cells，but also secreted NSE protein from cells in culture medium by Western blot，in addition，they could be used for immunofluorescent and immunohistochemical staining． The minimum amount of NSE protein could be detected by this double-antibody sandwich ELISA was 8． 85 ng /ml． Conclusion: Our NSE monoclonal antibodies achieved good sensitivity and specificity with high titers，and we established a doubleantibody sandwich ELISA assay which could be used for clinical test in future．福建省科技重点项目(编号项目No.2011Y0050); 厦门市科技计划项目(No.3502Z20123009

Effects of nitrogen addition on soil respiration of Sibiraea angustata shrub in the eastern margin of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

开展土壤呼吸对大气氮沉降增加的响应研究对预测陆地生态系统碳循环具有重要意义。采用外施氮肥模拟氮沉降,结合壕沟法分离土壤呼吸组分,研究青藏高原东缘主要的灌丛类型窄叶鲜卑花(Sibiraea angustata)灌丛土壤呼吸对不同施氮水平(N_0(对照)、N_2、N_5和N_(10)分别相当于0、2、5和10 g N m~(-2) a~(-1)浓度的氮沉降)的短期响应。结果表明:试验期间(2012年510月份),(1)土壤呼吸呈现明显的季节变化,施氮对生长季土壤总呼吸、异养呼吸无显著影响,而对自养呼吸有显著的抑制作用(P<0.05)。 (2)土壤呼吸也存在显著的日变化,施氮对一天中土壤总呼吸及其组分均有显著影响(P<0.001)。总体上,施氮促进了土壤总呼吸、异养呼吸,而抑制了自养呼吸。(3)施氮对土壤总呼吸、异养呼吸平均每月排放CO_2通量无显著影响,而对自养呼吸平均每月排放CO_2通量有显著的抑制作用(P<0.05),并在不同月份对土壤呼吸及其组分的影响不同。(4)土壤总呼吸、异养呼吸与地下5 cm土壤温度之间具有较好的指数关系(P<0.001),而与土壤含水量相关性较弱。关于土壤呼吸各组分对大气氮沉降响应差异的机理有待进一步研究

基于3-UPU六足步行机器人的步态规划

提出一种基于非对称3-UPU并联机构的新型六足步行机器人，其具有承载能力大、通过能力强、控制容易等优势。首先，对六足步行机器人进行结构设计，然后，综合考虑机器人的稳定性和腿部干涉两种情况，设计了最大横向移动步幅。还对六足步行机器人进行了步态规划，包括机器人两组腿的占空系数、运动次序、运动步幅、运动轨迹及各分支等效杆长随机器人的移动的变化

具有循环净化性能的纳米TiO_2/活性炭复合表面的构筑

目的构筑净化性能优异的纳米TiO_2/活性炭复合表面。方法采用溶凝胶模板法构筑球形表面,将乳化法制备的石蜡球和复合活性炭的纳米TiO_2溶胶挤压成形,温和处理后形成规则稳定的球形表面。使用SEM、XRD和FTIR进行表面微观结构、形貌和物相检测,采用X射线断层扫描对球形表面结构进行重构和球面特征分析。分析测定了不同当量直径球形表面的样品对亚甲基蓝的净化效果。结果温和处理工艺维持了原始P25粉末的晶型和晶粒尺寸,溶凝胶模板法可以形成贯通、多面、多孔径的结构和簇状均匀表面。3DCT结果显示,活性炭的复合使样品形成了碳增强的TiO_2球形表面。构筑成功的纳米TiO_2复合活性炭样品,在8个周期的循环吸附-净化中可以完全将亚甲基蓝净化降解。平均当量直径为0.67mm的样品,在9个周期的净化反应中,净化率可以保持100%。结论溶凝胶模板法成功构筑了纳米TiO_2复合活性炭的球形连续表面,球形表面之间大的孔道连接和活性炭在纳米TiO_2颗粒之间的复合,可以提高传质效率,从而提高循环净化性能