Regulation of Pol II pausing release and 3’-end mRNA cleavage by different subtypes of SEC

编码蛋白的真核细胞基因的转录是由RNAPolymeraseII通过一系列的高度复杂有序的调控机制完成的，整个转录的循环主要分为起始、延伸以及终止三个基本环节，其中延伸是mRNA转录中至关重要的一步，它决定了mRNA在基因转录中的合成速率。mRNA的转录延伸是由正性和负性转录延伸因子共同参与调控的，当mRNA转录出了大概20-30nt的时候，负性转录延伸因子NELF和DRB敏感因子DSIF通过跟RNApolymeraseII(PolII)的结合，使得PolII先暂停下来，正性转录延伸因子P-TEFb通过磷酸化NELF和DSIF，使得NELF从PolII上解离下来，而DSIF被磷酸化后则从一个负性...The transcription of eucaryotic cells' protein-coding genes is performed by a series of highly complicated and ordered regulation mechanism. The whole transcription cycle consists of three basic processes named initiation、elongation and temination. Elongation which determines the rate of mRNA synthesis in gene transcription is a very critical stage. The transcription elongation of mRNA is regulate...学位：理学博士院系专业：生命科学学院_细胞生物学学号：2162012015380

政府投资应加力创新

预计为对冲经济下行压力,积极财政会继续加码,2019年政府投资力度会进一步加大政府投资是社会总投资的重要组成部分,以政府为特殊投资主体,事关国计民生,不以盈利为首要目的。同时,积极的财政政策也需要通过政府投资来实现产业政策的调整。从投资领域来看,多集中于重要的垄断部门和重大公共工程,如通信、石化、基础设施和公共服务等领域。从投资

Modified GA-FFT for Synthesizing Shaped Pattern of Unequally Spaced Array in Presence of Mutual Coupling

该文提出了一种虚拟的最小均方有源单元方向图展开方法,将不等间隔阵列的有源方向图展开为一个虚拟的均匀间隔阵列的若干单元辐射的叠加。通过该方法,对包含阵元耦合效应的不等间隔阵列方向图,可以使用快速傅里叶变换进行加速计算。并且,该文将这个方法与遗传算法(GA)相结合,得到一种改进的GA-FFT方法,可以应用于解决含阵元互耦的不均匀间隔阵列的赋形波束综合问题。最后,分别对不等间隔的偶极子阵列平顶方向图及微带阵列的余割平方方向图进行了综合,结果表明所提方法的有效性和优势。A new Virtual Least-Square Active Element Pattern Expansion(VLS-AEPE) method is presented in this paper, which considers each active element pattern of an unequally spaced array as the one radiated by some of equally spaced elements of a virtual array. Using the help of this method, the pattern of an unequally spaced array including mutual coupling can be efficiently calculated by FFT. In addition, this method is combined with the Genetic Algorithm(GA) to deal with the shaped pattern synthesis problem for unequally spaced linear arrays. Two synthesis experiments including the synthesis of flat-top pattern for an unequally spaced dipole array and the synthesis of cosec-squared pattern for an unequally spaced microstrip array are conducted to verify the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed algorithm.国家自然科学基金(61301009);; 中央高校基本科研业务费(20720160081)~

日本内涵旅游开发及其在云南的实践

内涵旅游已经成为日本旅游高速成长的重要模式。本文介绍日本内涵旅游产生的背景、定义和特点,并结合日本内涵旅游的成功实践,阐述内涵旅游的规划理念及其对产业的推动作用。日本内涵旅...厦门大学研究生田野调查基金(2016GF010

Fabrication and Characteristics of GaN-based Blue VCSEL

利用金属有机物气相沉积技术(MOCVD)在(0001)蓝宝石衬底上生长了Ga N基垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL)的多量子阱腔层结构。X射线衍射测量显示该多量子阱具有良好周期结构和平整界面。运用键合及激光剥离技术将该外延片制作成VCSEL,顶部和底部反射镜为极高反射率的介质膜分布布拉格反射镜(DBR)。在室温、紫外脉冲激光的泵浦条件下,观察到了VCSEL明显的激射现象,峰值波长位于447.7 nm,半高宽为0.11 nm,自发辐射因子约为6.0×10-2,阈值能量密度约为8.8 m J/cm2。在大幅度降低制作难度的情况下,得到目前国际最好结果同样数量级的激射阈值。降低器件制作难度有利于制备的重复性,有利于器件的产品化。Ga N-based multiple quantum wells( MQWs) were epitaxially grown on( 0001)-oriented sapphire substrate by metal organic chemical vapor deposition( MOCVD) technique. X-ray diffraction measurements indicated that the MQWs had good periodic structure and smooth interface. By employing bonding and laser lift-off techniques,the MQW structure was sandwiched between two high reflectivity dielectric distributed Bragg reflectors( DBRs),forming a vertical-cavity surfaceemitting laser( VCSEL). Under optical pumping,the VCSEL achieved laser action at room temperature with a threshold pumping energy density of about 8. 8 m J / cm2. The laser emitted a blue light at 447. 7 nm with a narrow linewidth of 0. 11 nm,and had a high spontaneous emission factor of about 6. 0 × 10- 2.国家自然科学基金(61307115);; 福建省教育厅A类科技项目(JA12249);; 厦门理工学院高校高层次人才基金(YKJ11026R);; 福建省自然科学基金(2013J05104)资助项

IL-18、IL-12及相关因子在大鼠实验性自身免疫心肌炎心肌中的表达时程和特征

目的:探讨IL-18、IL-12及相关细胞因子在大鼠实验性自身免疫心肌炎(EAM)心肌中的表达时程和特征。方法:以猪心脏肌球蛋白加等体积弗氏完全佐剂,辅结核杆菌H37Ra株之乳液为抗原,于Lewis大鼠双后肢皮下注射造模(EAM);用胶原酶灌流和网筛过滤法分离纯化心肌细胞;经免疫组化技术评估心肌损伤程度;按实时荧光定量法测急性期和慢性期,IL-18、IL-12及相关因子(IL-18R,IL-18RAcPL,IL-18BP以及IL-12p40,IL-12p35,IL-12Rβ1,IL-12Rβ2)mRNA表达情况。结果:IL-18、IL-12及相关因子表达主要在急性期,免疫后2周表达增多并达峰值(P<0.01,与正常对照组比较),4周后减少,并与EAM病程正相关;IL-18、IL-12及相关因子主要在巨噬细胞表达,其受体复合物在αβT细胞表达;慢性期仅IL-18BP在心肌细胞有表达。结论:IL-18、IL-12及相关因子参与EAM病理过程,各因子主要集中于急性期巨噬细胞和αβT细胞表达

水解法提取纯化刺槐素的工艺研究

目的优选野菊花中刺槐苷的水解工艺。方法采用均匀设计法,以高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定野菊花中刺槐素含量,探讨影响刺槐素提取效率的因素,并筛选出最佳提取条件。结果最佳水解工艺为盐酸与药液比为5∶2,盐酸浓度3 mol/L,水解时间为3 h,水解温度为100℃。结论 HPLC法测定野菊花中刺槐素含量的方法,快速、可行。均匀设计法优选的野菊花中刺槐素提取工艺,操作简单,节约时间,提取率比原工艺有明显提高

Preparation of Freestanding Bilayer Lipid Membranes and the Effect of Temperature on Their Mechanical Properties

结合聚苯乙烯球刻蚀和微机电系统技术加工氮化硅纳米多孔膜,并在其上用囊泡法制备非支撑磷脂双层膜,通过温控原子力显微术(AfM)的成像模式和力曲线模式对非支撑磷脂双层膜的形貌和力学性质进行研究.实验结果表明,该方法制备的非支撑磷脂双层膜具有流动性,能进行自我修复,该特点有利于提供足够的非支撑磷脂双层膜区域用于其性质研究;非支撑磷脂双层膜的膜破力和粘滞力均随着温度的升高而减小,即膜的机械稳定性随着温度的升高而降低.非支撑磷脂双层膜膜破力小于支撑磷脂双层膜的膜破力,并且非支撑磷脂双层膜粘滞力随温度的变化趋势与支撑磷脂双层膜的变化趋势相反.Nanoporous silicon nitride membranes are fabricated by combining polystyrene colloidal lithography with Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems, and then freestanding bilayer lipid membranes are constructed across the nanopores by the vesicle method.The topography and mechanical properties of the freestanding bilayer lipid membranes are investigated using the imaging and force curve modes of variable-temperature atomic force microscopy (AFM).The fluidity and self-repair of the freestanding bilayer lipid membranes are observed by AFM, which gives enough freestanding area for further investigations.Force curve measurements demonstrate that both breakthrough and adhesion forces decrease as the temperature increases; i.e., the mechanical stability of freestanding bilayer lipid membranes decreases as the temperature rises.The breakthrough force of freestanding bilayer lipid membranes is smaller than that of supported membranes.Moreover, the adhesion force of freestanding bilayer lipid membranes varies in the opposite manner to that of supported membranes.福建省自然科学基金(2012J01054); 国家自然科学基金(21021002); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2012121026)资助项目~

Planar Möbius aromatic pentalenes incorporating 16 and 18 valence electron osmiums

夏海平课题组长期致力于芳香体系的拓展研究。作为金属杂戊搭炔化学又一重要进展，在此研究中，他们发现金属杂戊搭炔的卡拜碳原子宛如“变色龙”，既具有亲核性，又具有亲电性。通过金属杂戊搭炔与亲电试剂反应揭示了其三键迁移的神秘面纱，并成功地捕捉了三键迁移的中间体——金属中心为16电子的金属杂戊搭烯；通过金属杂戊搭炔与亲核试剂反应，得到金属中心为18电子的金属杂戊搭烯。 　　朱军课题组通过理论计算，对金属杂戊搭烯进行深入理论研究。发现金属中心16电子、18电子金属杂戊搭烯均具有芳香性。深入的CMO-NICS计算表明，本质上，金属杂戊搭炔中Mobius芳香性来源于金属杂戊搭烯，正如苯炔的芳香性来源于苯。Mobius芳香性自1958年提出以来，实际合成的例子稀少，且前人已分离并报道的Möbius芳香体系均具有扭曲的拓扑结构。金属杂戊搭烯/炔代表着一类平面型的Möbius芳香性体系。从而颠覆了传统的芳香化学，为构筑其他平面型Möbius芳香体系奠定了基础。 　　该工作的合成和结构表征是在夏海平教授指导下由博士生朱从青（第一作者）、罗明和硕士生朱琴完成，我校温庭斌教授参与了产物结构表征的讨论。理论计算由朱军副教授完成，我校吕鑫教授、美国佐治亚大学P.v.R.Schleyer教授和J.I-C.Wu博士也参与了芳香性的讨论。Aromaticity, a highly stabilizing feature of molecules with delocalized electrons in closed circuits, is generally restricted to ‘Hückel’ systems with 4n+2 mobile electrons. Although the Möbius concept extends the principle of aromaticity to 4n mobile electron species, the rare known examples have complex, twisted topologies whose extension is unlikely. Here we report the realization of osmapentalenes, the first planar Möbius aromatic complexes with 16 and 18 valence electron transition metals. The Möbius aromaticity of these osmapentalenes, documented by X-ray structural, magnetic and theoretical analyses, demonstrates the basis of the aromaticity of the parent osmapentalynes. All these osmapentalenes are formed by both electrophilic and nucleophilic reactions of the in-plane π component of the same carbyne carbon, illustrating ambiphilic carbyne reactivity, which is seldom observed in transition metal chemistry. Our results widen the scope of Möbius aromaticity dramatically and open prospects for the generalization of planar Möbius aromatic chemistry.国家自然科学基金委、科技部和美国科学基金会的资