Music, Ritual and Cultural Healing:A Field Study of Pao-Sheng Ta-Ti

保生大帝医神信仰是闽南地区重要的宗教信仰之一，吸引了大量的信众前来求签问药。面对这种普遍发生的区域文化现象，本文以闽南保生大帝医神信仰系统为研究对象，对拟人化的医疗仪式行为与音声进行民族志考察，探讨仪式、音声对人的文化疗愈作用产生在生理与心理两个方面。研究分为绪论、正文、结语三个部分：绪论介绍了本文的研究缘起、方法，并对核心概念进行界定，在此基础上从“仪式与疗愈”、“音声与疗愈”、“仪式与音声”等三方面进行相关文献的梳理。 正文部分，分为三章： 第一章描述了信仰产生的历史背景、生态环境和发展现状，并通过对信众的质性访谈，探寻藏匿于信仰体系之中的独特的生命健康观，正是在这一观念的驱动和引导下...The worship of Pao-Sheng Da-Ti is part of local culture, which attract a lot of people come to pray. Facing this widespread cultural phenomenon, I focus on the results of a field study at a branch of the worship of Pao-Sheng Da-Ti in the south of Fujian province. Drawing on the performance of healing ritual and the soundscape, I submit that it will create a healing space for bringing relief to a w...学位：艺术学硕士院系专业：艺术学院_音乐与舞蹈学学号：1872013115361

经营“灵活性”:制造业劳动力市场的组织生态与制度环境——基于W市劳动力招聘的调查

对于世界工厂如何持续有效地组织和控制劳动力问题,当前研究过于关注生产政治,忽略了工厂之外劳动力市场组织的角色与影响。基于对W市制造业招聘的调查,本文分析了当前劳动力市场组织生态及其嵌入的制度环境。研究表明,围绕企业的灵活用工需求,劳动力市场组织形态日益复杂化,已形成了层层外包、精细分工、竞争合作的中介链条。在配合弹性生产的同时,该链条的盈利方式与运行策略正不断抬高工厂的用工成本,持续构造工人的高流动性与低技能性。地方政府、用工企业、工人群体是形塑劳动力市场组织生态的重要力量,三者共同营造了中介链所需的制度环境,并策略性地经营着生产体系中部分的\"灵活性\",同时也放大了生产体系整体的系统性风险。中央高校基本科研业务费(ZK1044);;\n福建省社会科学规划青年项目(FJ2017C050)的阶段性成

补肾健脾方影响高脂肪饮食骨质疏松模型大鼠脂代谢及瘦素的变化

背景:绝经也可导致体内瘦组织与脂肪成分的改变,现阶段发现骨质疏松在肥胖的老年人中的发生率要大于非肥胖者,由此推断瘦素可能是骨质疏松症发病机制中的一个重要调节因素。目的:探讨补肾健脾方对高脂肪饮食骨质疏松大鼠脂代谢及瘦素的影响。方法:将6月龄SPF级雌性SD大鼠220只随机分成模型组170只和假手术组50只。模型组行双侧卵巢结扎切除术,假手术组除未行卵巢结扎切除外,其余步骤同模型组。手术后12周,模型鉴定成功后,手术组随机分成正常饮食模型组、高脂饮食模型组、高脂饮食健骨颗粒组和高脂饮食辛伐他丁组各40只。各组于术后第13周开始给药,健骨颗粒组给予健骨颗粒2 g/(kg·d),生理盐水2 mL溶解后灌胃,辛伐他丁组给予辛伐他丁100μg/(kg·d)灌胃,假手术组和正常饮食模型组以2 mL生理盐水灌胃,1次/d。于用药2,6,12,24周后测体质量,取血清、腰椎和股骨近端备用。双能X射线测定右侧胫骨骨密度,ELISA法测定血清骨钙素、血清抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b(TRACT-5b)、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、瘦素、瘦素受体的水平,q PCR法测定大鼠骨组织瘦素、瘦素受体m RNA表达。结果与结论:①高脂饮食健骨颗粒组大鼠的体质量高于同期正常饮食模型组和高脂饮食模型组,但低于假手术组和高脂饮食辛伐他汀组,同时表达的瘦素、瘦素受体、骨钙素水平均高于正常饮食模型组和高脂饮食模型组,TRACT-5b、胆固醇、三酰甘油的浓度均低于正常饮食模型组和高脂饮食模型组,各组比较差异均有显著性意义(P <0.05);②结果表明,补肾健脾方可以调整大鼠脂代谢紊乱、降低血液黏滞度、改善血管壁结构的同时还能通过上调大鼠血清和骨组织中瘦素、瘦素受体的表达,改善大鼠骨代谢水平,防治原发性骨质疏松症。福建省自然科学基金(2017J01332),项目负责人:林煜;;福州市卫生系统科技项目(2017-S-wq15),项目负责人:李平~

Backbone-modified molecular beacons for highly sensitive and selective detection of microRNAs based on duplex specific nuclease signal amplification

National Basic Research Program of China [2010CB732402, 2013CB933703]; National Science Foundation of China [21205100, 21275122]; National Instrumentation Program [2011YQ03012412]; Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province for Distinguished Young Scholars [2010J06004]Based on backbone-modified molecular beacons and duplex-specific nuclease, we have developed a target recycling amplification method for highly sensitive and selective miRNA detection. The combination of a low fluorescence background of 2-OMe-RNA modified MB and nuclease-assisted signal amplification leads to ultrahigh assay sensitivity, and the powerful discriminating ability of MB enables the differentiation of highly similar miRNAs with one-base difference, both of which are of great significance to miRNA detection

Carbon nanoparticle-protected aptamers for highly sensitive and selective detection of biomolecules based on nuclease-assisted target recycling signal amplification

National Basic Research Program of China [2010CB732402, 2013CB933703]; National Science Foundation of China [91313302, 21205100, 21275122, 21075104]; National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China [21325522]; NFFTBS [J1030415]; Open Funding Project of the State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor EngineeringBased on the protective properties of carbon nanoparticles for aptamers against the digestion of nuclease, we have developed a nuclease-assisted target recycling signal amplification method for highly sensitive detection of biomolecules, such as ATP and kanamycin. The high binding specificity between aptamers and targets leads to excellent selectivity of the assay

Trisomy 21-induced Dysregulation of Microglial Homeostasis in Alzheimer’s Brains is Mediated by USP25

阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer’s disease, AD）是一种最为常见的与记忆、认知能力退化相关的渐进性神经退行性疾病。唐氏综合征（Down’s syndrome, DS）是早发型阿尔茨海默病的一个重要风险因素，作为最常见的智力障碍遗传疾病，厦门大学医学院神经科学研究所王鑫教授团队揭示了治疗阿尔茨海默病和唐氏综合征新的治疗靶点，并且在小鼠模型上利用USP25小分子抑制剂成功地改善了阿尔茨海默病小鼠的认知功能，缓解了神经退行性病变的病理进程。该研究工作由王鑫教授指导完成，厦门大学医学院助理教授郑秋阳和博士生李桂林完成主要实验工作，王世华、朱琳、高月、邓青芳、张洪峰、张丽珊、吴美玲、狄安洁参与了部分研究工作。厦门大学医学院许华曦、赵颖俊和孙灏教授在研究过程中给予大力帮助和支持，清华大学董晨教授提供了Usp25基因敲除小鼠，厦门大学附属妇女儿童医院周裕林教授和郑良楷博士帮助收集了脑组织样品。Down syndrome (DS), caused by trisomy of chromosome 21, is the most significant risk factor for early-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD); however, underlying mechanisms linking DS and AD remain unclear. Here, we show that triplication of homologous chromosome 21 genes aggravates neuroinflammation in combined murine DS-AD models. Overexpression of USP25, a deubiquitinating enzyme encoded by chromosome 21, results in microglial activation and induces synaptic and cognitive deficits, whereas genetic ablation of Usp25 reduces neuroinflammation and rescues synaptic and cognitive function in 5×FAD mice. Mechanistically, USP25 deficiency attenuates microglia-mediated proinflammatory cytokine overproduction and synapse elimination. Inhibition of USP25 reestablishes homeostatic microglial signatures and restores synaptic and cognitive function in 5×FAD mice. In summary, we demonstrate an unprecedented role for trisomy 21 and pathogenic effects associated with microgliosis as a result of the increased USP25 dosage, implicating USP25 as a therapeutic target for neuroinflammation in DS and AD.This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31871077, 81822014, and 81571176 to X.W.; 81701130 to Q.Z.), the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFC1305900 to X.W.), the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China (2017J06021 to X.W.), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Chinese Central Universities (20720150061 to X.W.), and the BrightFocus Foundation (A2018214F to Yingjun Zhao). 该研究工作得到国家重点研发计划项目、国家自然科学基金、福建省自然科学基金、厦门大学校长基金的资助和支持

栅藻HSJ296油脂的提取及其α-亚麻酸的富集工艺研究

&alpha;-亚麻酸（C18H30O2,&alpha;-Linolenic acid, ALA）是一种人体必须的多不饱和&omega;-3脂肪酸，对于人体增强智力、保护视力、血脂血压和含氧量调节以及免疫调节等方面均具有重要意义。通过筛选发现一株富含ALA的微藻&mdash;&mdash;栅藻Scenedesmus HSJ 296（以下简称栅藻），本课题的研究目的是优化栅藻Scenedesmus藻油的提取及其ALA富集工艺，为利用微藻生产高附加值产品打通关键环节。主要研究结果和内容如下：1．建立栅藻油脂的优化萃取方案。采用优化的超临界CO2萃取法对喷雾干燥后的栅藻藻粉进行油脂萃取，发现在45 ℃，萃取压力30 Mpa，分离压力6-8 Mpa时，以20 L/h的流速泵入CO2，采用95%乙醇作为主要夹带剂，并辅以少量正己烷时，萃取效率最高，可达71%。通过大量实验发现约有2-3.5%的藻油为结合态，无法被萃取。进而通过利用总脂含量约为39.8%的藻粉，在相同条件下萃取率可进一步提高至96.7%。2．建立了栅藻油脂亚麻酸的富集工艺。通过研究超声破碎、微波辐射和高压匀浆等原料预处理方法对ALA富集的影响，发现300 w超声处理15 min效果最佳，ALA含量从最初的8%（总脂质量占比）提升为15.78%左右，为初始值的1.76倍；采用优化的冷冻结晶法（-20 ℃，1.5 h）对栅藻油脂中的ALA进行富集，使ALA含量提高至34.02%，为初始含量的2.16倍；随后通过优化的尿素包合法（脂肪酸﹕尿素﹕95%乙醇（w/w/v）=1:3:10，-24 ℃，21 h）对栅藻油脂进行进一步富集，最终ALA含量可达66.14%，为初始含量的4.19倍。以硅胶G为载体通过戊二醛交联进行脂肪酶固定化，优化后的固定化脂肪酶富集ALA条件为：反应温度37 ℃、反应时长12 h、加酶量250 U/g油、水油比0.5；进而制备了一根内径7 cm高110 cm的固定化脂肪酶反应柱，采用优化后的反应条件进行ALA富集，最终ALA含量可达52.80%，为处理前的3.35倍。3．在以上基础上，建立了固定化脂肪酶法-冷冻结晶法-尿素包合法串联藻油超富集技术体系，亚麻酸含量最高能达到82.90%，富集5.25倍。</p

Molecular Evolution of Fatty acid desaturase 2 in Drosophila

去飽和酶1，去飽和酶2和脂肪酸去飽和酶2在具性費洛蒙功用的果蠅表皮碳氫化合物的合成過程中扮演重要的角色。而脂肪酸去飽和酶2在黃果蠅和賽昔爾果蠅中參與合成雌性所特有的費洛蒙中的二烯化合物。但是我們仍然不了解它在其他種果蠅中所扮演的角色。我在十二種果蠅的基因體中找出脂肪酸去飽和酶2可能的同源基因並加以分析。而結果顯示脂肪酸去飽和酶2可能是經由反轉錄移位所產生的基因，產生的時間點可能在水果果蠅和果蠅亞屬分化之前，但在後者中失去。我也發現脂肪酸去飽和酶2在黃果蠅種亞群中和雌雄二型性表皮碳氫化合物有直接關連，此基因只會表現在具有二型性表皮碳氫化合物的果蠅；在單型性果蠅則沒有。為了要研究脂肪酸去飽和酶2在雌雄單型性表皮碳氫化合物的果蠅中是否有發生退化現象，我分析了擬黃果蠅，亞庫巴果蠅和德氏果蠅的族群，結果在二十個擬黃果蠅的品系中找到一個品系有二十五個鹼基對的缺失，在十六個德氏果蠅的品系內發現其中四個品系帶有無義突變，而在二十個亞庫巴果蠅品系中，有十四種插入和刪除的序列缺失，導致只有三個品系具有完整的編碼序列。脂肪酸去飽和酶2在三種果蠅中有不同程度的突變累積，代表它在各種果蠅中的退化可能是獨立發生的。脂肪酸去飽和酶2提供了一個研究基因重複的分子演化的模式。Three fatty acid desaturase genes, namely desat1, desat2 and Fad2, in Drosophila involve in the production of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHs) that serve as sex pheromones. Among them, Fad2 is responsible for female-specific diene pheromone biosynthesis in D. melanogaster and D. sechellia. However, the role of Fad2 in other Drosophila species is still unknown. To address this question, the Fad2 homologs in 12 Drosophila species were analyzed. Based on the sequence information, Fad2 is originated by retrotransposition which took place before the split of Drosophila and Sophophora and subsequently lost in the Drosophila lineage. Furthermore, in D. melanogaster species subgroup, Fad2 is expressed only in the species with dimorphic CHs. These results suggest that Fad2 is responsible for sexually dimorphic CHs in the D. melanogaster species subgroup. To understand whether sequence degeneration also occurred in the non-expressed Fad2, populations of three CH monomorphic species, i.e., D. simulans, D. teissieri, and D. yakuba, were surveyed. A 25-bp deletion was observed in one of 20 D. simulans alleles. One non-sense mutation occurred in 4 of 16 D. teissieri sequences. In D. yakuba, 14 deletions and non-sense mutation resulted in that only 3 out of 20 samples keep full-length Fad2. The different levels of mutation accumulation indicate that the degeneration of Fad2 happened independently in each species. In summary, Fad2 provides a good model to study the molecular evolution after gene duplication.口試委員會審定書……………………………………………………………………....icknowledgements……………………………………………………………………..iiibstracts Chinese…………………………………………………………………........viinglish……………………………………………………………….….........ixhapter 1 General Introduction……………………………………………………........1hapter 2 The evolution of Fad2 in Drosophila…………………………………….......9 2.1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………...9 2.2 Materials and Methods………………………………………………………14 2.3 Results…………………………………………………………………..........18 2.4 Discussion…………………………………………………………….……...34hapter 3 Pseudogenization of Fad2 in Drosophila melanogaster subgroup……….....45 3.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………..…...45 3.2 Materials and Methods……………………………………………………....49 3.3 Results…………………………………………………………………..........52 3.4 Discussion…………………………………………………………………....62onclusion……………………………………………………………………………...69eferences……………………………………………………………………………...71ppendix………………………………………………………………………….........8

软件容错/高可用性技术在SIP开发中的应用

软件容错/高可用性（FT/HA）技术是目前通信协议软件开发中一个十分重要的研究课题,该课题的研究对于提高通信的可靠性具有十分重要的意义。文章首先描述了FT/HA技术的基本原理,然后提出了一种基于温备份的FT/HA解决方案,最后,重点探讨了该解决方案在会话发起协议（SIP）开发中的应用