The spectrum effect relationship of Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook.f.

雷公藤的药理作用广泛，其中抗炎和免疫抑制作用尤其突出，临床多用于类风湿性关节炎、自身免疫疾病如肾病综合征等的治疗。但其不良反应不容忽视，雷公藤的不良反应涉及多器官、多系统且多数患者不能耐受。其不良反应发生的主要原因有雷公藤化学成分复杂且其药效、毒性物质基础尚不明确，缺乏科学、有效的质量评价和控制方法，导致不同厂家生产的雷公藤制剂疗效及毒副作用差异大，临床上缺乏使用指南等。因此，如何快速识别雷公藤中的药效成分和毒性成分，建立科学、有效的质量评价和控制方法，提高雷公藤制剂质量是促进雷公藤在临床安全使用的前提。虽然目前许多学者通过改良炮制方法、研究中药配伍和新剂型等以期得到雷公藤低毒高效制剂，但仍无...Tripterygium wilfordii shows a wide range of pharmacological effects, especially anti-inflammatory effect and immuno-suppressive effect. It is commonly used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, auto-immune diseases such as nephrotic syndrome . But at the same time, the toxicity of Tripterygium wilfordii can not be ignored. The adverse reactions involve many organs and systems, and they are ...学位：医学硕士院系专业：医学院_药理学学号：2452013115355

Hypoglycemic action of acidic polysaccharide in leaf of Gynura divaricata and its effect on related indexes

与西药相比,传统中药及其提取物具有经济、安全的优点,同时还可避免西药的许多副作用[1]。中药材白子草又名白背三七,为菊科(COMPOSITAE)三七属(gynurA CASS.)植物白子菜〔gynurA dIVArICATA(lInn.)dC.〕的干燥叶,具有清热、舒筋、止血、祛痰等功效[2]。在民间,白子菜的茎和叶可药食两用,用于治疗高血压、糖尿病和高血脂症等[3],其化学成分复杂,目前已分离获得多糖类[3]、黄酮类[4-6]、生物碱[4,7-8]和脂肪酸[9]等成分。Gynura divaricata acidic polysaccharide( GDAP) was extracted and purified from dry leaf of Gynura divaricata( Linn.) DC.Effects of successive lavage GDAP for 0,7,14 and 21 d with daily dose of 15,37 and 60 mg·kg- 1on blood glucose content of diabetic model mice were analyzed,and differences in SOD activity and MDA content in serum and glycogen content in liver of mice were compared.The results show that with prolonging of successive administration time and increasing of GDAP daily dose,blood glucose content of diabetic model mice generally appears the decreasing trend.With successive administration for 14 and 21 d,blood glucose content of different GDAP treatment groups is generally lower than that of CK group( 0.9% Na Cl injection with daily dose of 10 m L·kg- 1) but higher than that of T1group( metformin with daily dose of 200 mg·kg- 1).In which,after successive administration GDAP for 21 d with daily dose of 37 and60 mg·kg- 1,blood glucose content of diabetic model mice is significantly or extremely significantly lower than that of CK group but significantly or extremely significantly higher than that of T1 group,while SOD activity in serum of diabetic model mice is significantly higher and its MDA content is significantly lower than those of CK group,but there is no significant difference with those of T1 group.Glycogen content in liver of diabetic model mice of different GDAP treatment groups is higher than that of CK group,but lower than that of T1 group.It is suggested that GDAP is the main hypoglycemic components in polysaccharide of G.divaricata leaf, and it has dose-effect relationship in hypoglycemic activity.Hypoglycemic mechanism of GDAP is probably related to improving antioxidant enzyme ability in the body,enhancing activity of scavenging oxygen free radicals,relieving liver damage,and increasing glycogen storage capacity.福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2012J01400

Relationship between prosocial behaviors and depressive symptoms in adolescents in rural China

目的 探讨农村青少年在初中阶段抑郁症状和亲社会行为的关系及其动态变化,为提高青少年的心理健康水平提供参考。方法 选取安徽省某农村学校七年级学生372名为被试,采用长处与困难问卷问卷(Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire,SDQ)亲社会行为分量表、流调抑郁量表简版(Center for Epidemiological Survey Depression Scale,CESD-10)先后3次(分别间隔12个月)进行调查,并建立交叉滞后模型。结果 农村青少年抑郁症状(r=0.39～0.45)和亲社会行为(r=0.43～0.46)在初中阶段发展较为稳定(P&lt;0.01);青少年在初三年级的抑郁症状高于初一及初二年级(P&lt;0.05);初一和初二年级的抑郁症状负向预测初二和初三年级亲社会行为(&beta;值分别为-0.10,-0.11,P值均</p

Effect of Powder Properties on the Convergence of Powder Stream in Coaxial Laser Cladding

在同轴送粉激光熔覆过程中,粉末流是影响熔覆质量的重要因素。为了提高粉末流的汇聚性,考察粉末性质对粉末流场的影响,建立了同轴送粉激光熔覆粉末流数值模型。模拟计算了NiCoCrAlY、ZrO_2、W三种典型粉末的粉末流形貌,并进行了粉末流的验证实验,实验结果与计算结果趋势吻合,说明模型具备合理性与可靠性。基于该模型,深入研究了粉末粒径、形状、密度和碰撞弹性恢复系数对粉末流汇聚的影响规律,在特定送粉工艺参数下,在粉末粒径增大时,汇聚焦距减小,汇聚浓度在一定粒径范围内达到最大值;在粉末形状系数或者密度增大时,汇聚焦距减小、汇聚浓度增大;在粉末颗粒的恢复系数减小时,汇聚焦距与汇聚浓度都增大

宁夏产区‘北红’葡萄晚霜后修剪适宜负载量的研究

为完善高抗逆酿造品种‘北红’在贺兰山东麓产区的栽培技术,提高果实品质,本试验以5年生‘北红’为试材,在当年晚霜后的4月底修剪,结果母枝基部芽眼重新萌发。在葡萄转色前进行3种不同的负载量处理,并研究不同负载量对果实重要品质性状的影响。结果表明:随着负载量增加,果实可溶性总糖、花色苷、单宁和总酚含量降低,可滴定酸含量增高,次生代谢关键酶PAL、C4H、4CL活性对负载量处理反应敏感,低负载量更利于糖分的积累和酸度的降低,也更有利于次生代谢产物的积累。负载量最低的处理T3(主干每米8个结果枝,均匀分布6穗果,产量约为230 kg/667m~2)在采收时果实可溶性糖、总花色苷、总酚和单宁的含量最高,但其与负载量中等处理的T2(主干上每米均匀分布10穗果,产量约为380 kg/667m~2)果实中的可溶性总糖、花色苷、单宁含量无显著差异。因此综合产量与品质考虑,晚修剪的5年生‘北红’合理负载量为T2水平,可以提高‘北红’的品质,有利于‘北红’树体积累营养,提高越冬能力

Spectrum-effect relationship of immunosuppressive effects and toxicity of Tripterygium wilfordii HooK F.

目的:通过谱效分析探讨雷公藤药材提取物高效液相色谱图中免疫抑制活性及肾毒性相关色谱峰,为确定雷公藤免疫抑制活性及毒性物质基础提供依据。方法:对8个产地雷公藤药材分别进行提取纯化,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)建立各产地雷公藤提取物的指纹图谱。利用密度梯度离心法分离新鲜人外周血单个核细胞(PBMC),给予凝集素(PHA)和脂多糖(LPS)共刺激造模,分为空白组、模型组(PHA+LPS)、雷公藤处理组。给予雷公藤处理48 h后检测上清中IFN-γ和IL-2的含量,并计算IC50值。以小鼠肾小球系膜细胞(GNM-SV40)为模型利用CCK8法考察雷公藤的肾毒性,计算IC50值。将各产地雷公藤的指纹图谱信息及免疫抑制药效、细胞毒性数据进行标准化处理后利用偏最小二乘法进行谱效关系分析。结果:免疫抑制药效试验中,雷公藤提取物可显著抑制PHA和LPS诱导PBMC免疫细胞因子IFN-γ和IL-2的分泌(P0.3);当以IL-2 IC50值为毒性指标时,1,8,3,5号峰为主要贡献峰(回归系数绝对值>0.3),16~29号峰为次要贡献峰(回归系数绝对值0.3),15~29号峰为次要贡献峰(回归系数绝对值0.3);peak 1,8,5 and3 contributed greatly to decrease of IL-2(absolute value of coefficient>0.3);peak1,8 and3 contributed greatly to toxicity on GNM-SV40 cells(absolute value of coefficient>0.3).CONCLUSION Immunosuppressive activity and toxicity of TWHF have the closest correlation with peak1,3 and 8in HPLC fingerprints.Peak2 and 5 are main effective peaks without toxicity.Peak 15-29 have certain effects on immunosuppressive activity and toxicity,but not significant.福建省自然科学基金项目(编号:2012I1001

Research progress of toxicity mechanism of Tripterygium wilfordii

目的:介绍近年来对雷公藤毒性作用机制的研究进展,探讨雷公藤成分与毒性的关系,为临床合理使用雷公藤及其制剂提供指导。方法:系统查阅近年来的国内外文献,综述关于雷公藤毒性作用机制的研究进展情况。结果:雷公藤毒性涉及多器官多系统,其毒性成分同时也是药效成分,雷公藤毒性作用机制的研究对雷公藤高效低毒制剂研发有指导意义,并为指导临床合理用药提供理论依据。结论:雷公藤毒性作用机制的研究已逐渐成为雷公藤研究的热点并取得了很多进展,但由于化学成分的复杂性及中药药理的整体性目前关于雷公藤毒性作用机制的研究还不够完善和系统,尚需进一步研究。OBJECTIVE To update recent progress in toxic mechanism of Tripterygium wilfordii,discuss relationship between its toxicity and constituents,and provide a guidance for rational drug use in clinical practice.METHODS By referring to recent literatures at home and abroad systematically,toxic mechanism of Tripterygium wilfordii was reviewed.RESULTSToxicity of tripterygium wilfordii was involved in multiple organs and systems,and toxic components were also considered as effective components.Research on toxic mechanism of Tripterygium wilfordii is helpful to develop preparations of high efficiency and low toxicity,and provide a guidance for rational drug use in clinical practice.CONCLUSION Toxic mechanism of Tripterygium wilfordii has become a focus,and some progresses have been achieved.However,studies on acion mechanism are still not complete and systemic for Tripterygium wilfordii due to complexity of its chemical components and integrity of TCM pharmacology,and further studies are still needed.福建省科技计划重大项目(编号:2012I1001

CO_2在磷酸三丁酯中溶解度的测定

采用恒定容积压降法测定了温度303.5～363.8K、压力0.5～4.5MPa条件下CO2在磷酸三丁酯（TBP）中的溶解度.结果表明,CO2在TBP中的溶解度随压力升高而增大,但随平衡温度升高而减小;在0～4.5MPa范围内,该溶解度较在工业常用物理吸收剂中更大,约为在乙醇中的2.4倍,甲醇中的1.4倍,N-甲基吡咯烷酮中的1.2倍及碳酸丙烯酯中的1.1倍.CO2以分子形式溶解于TBP中,TBP吸收CO2以物理吸收为主,TBP中含有的酯键及磷酰基团极大地促进了其对CO2的吸收

CO_2在磷酸三丁酯中溶解度的测定

采用恒定容积压降法测定了温度303.5～363.8K、压力0.5～4.5MPa条件下CO2在磷酸三丁酯(TBP)中的溶解度.结果表明,CO2在TBP中的溶解度随压力升高而增大,但随平衡温度升高而减小;在0～4.5MPa范围内,该溶解度较在工业常用物理吸收剂中更大,约为在乙醇中的2.4倍,甲醇中的1.4倍,N-甲基吡咯烷酮中的1.2倍及碳酸丙烯酯中的1.1倍.CO2以分子形式溶解于TBP中,TBP吸收CO2以物理吸收为主,TBP中含有的酯键及磷酰基团极大地促进了其对CO2的吸收