Analysis of SMEs’ Indirect Financing Problem in China

在世界各国，无论是发达国家还是发展中国家，中小企业都是国民经济的主要构成。中小企业以其灵活的机制、顽强的生命力在产业结构和调整，繁荣市场与扩大就业、技术创新以及制度创新等方面起着基础性的作用。在现阶段我国的经济运行中，中小企业的成长具有决定性的意义，它的运营和发展在很大程度上还决定了大企业的成长。中小企业的发展问题已成为国内各界关注的焦点。 当前我国中小企业在发展过程中面临的最大困难是资金问题，所以研究中小企业如何通过间接融资手段获得资金具有很重要的现实意义。本文利用计量模型与实证分析等方法分析了我国中小企业存在的间接融资难问题，在借鉴国外一些成功经验的基础上，提出解决问题的对策措施，尤其是...During the economic developing all over the world, no matter the developed countries or the developing countries, SMEs（Small and Median Enterprises）always play an important role which large enterprises can not compare with. It is because SMEs have flexible mechanisms, indomitable vitality and have advantage in flourishing the market, expanding employment, technological innovation and system innova...学位：经济学硕士院系专业：经济学院经济研究所_产业经济学学号：20041602

Wear Resistance of Cast Iron Remelted by Non-Transferred Laminar Plasma Jet

对在大气压条件下用非转移弧层流等离子体射流熔凝强化处理的W-Mo-Cu铸铁表面,采用光学显微镜、显微硬度计、磨损试验机、扫描电镜等,观察和测试了熔凝试样的表面层组织、硬度、耐磨性和磨损形貌.结果表明,熔凝后铸铁表面为初晶渗碳体和莱氏体组成的过共晶组织,硬度和耐磨性有了明显的提高

保险“道德危险”及其防治对策

在保险领域,“道德危险”与保险本身的功能背道而驰,因而防治“道德危险”成为各国保险立法的重要目标。我国《保险法》通过确立保险利益、保险代位权等一系列举措,以防治道德危险。但随着社会发展,保险道德危险问题仍屡见不鲜,严重制约了我国保险业的快速发展,为此完善和加强道德危险的立法尤为紧要

Catalytic Behaviors and Stability of Y_2O_3-Modified Ni/SiO_2 for Partial Oxidation of Methane into Synthesis Gas

采用常规浸渍法制备Y_2O_3修饰的Ni/SiO_2催化剂,并考察其催化甲烷部分氧化(POM)制合成气反应性能。结果表明,Y_2O_3的引入减小了金属Ni的粒径,有效提高了Ni在载体表面的分散性,增强了金属Ni与载体SiO_2间的相互作用,从而使催化剂的抗烧结、抗积碳能力,以及催化剂的POM反应性能得以改善。A series of Y_2O_3-modified Ni SiO_2 catalysts were synthesized by a conventional impregnation method.Catalytic performances for the partial oxidation of methane(POM) to synthesis gas were investigated.The addition of Y_2O_3 promotes a decrease in size of Ni particles supported on silica,increased the dispersion of Ni particles,and enhanced the interaction between Ni and silica.These properties gave the catalysts increased anti-sintering and resistance to carbon deposits.The catalytic behaviors of the Ni-based catalysts for POM were significantly improved when Y_2O_3 was introduced.国家自然科学基金(21373169);; 教育部创新团队项目(IRT1036)资助~

海南岛西海岸红树林软体动物多样性

为了掌握海南岛西海岸红树林软体动物多样性状况,本文于2015–2016年对海南岛西海岸6个主要红树林分布区软体动物的种类组成、物种多样性和群落结构的时空变化进行了研究。共采集到软体动物57科201种,主要优势种有珠带拟蟹守螺(Cerithidea cingulata)、绯拟沼螺(Assiminea latericea)、圆胖樱蛤(Pinguitellina cycladiformis)和斜肋齿蜷(Sermyla riqueti)等。年平均密度与平均生物量分别为324.13 ind./m~2和142.88 gm~2,物种数、密度和生物量均高于北部湾沿岸的其他红树林。海南岛西海岸各红树林软体动物的密度和生物量均未呈现明显的季节变化,软体动物密度存在空间上的显著差异。聚类分析结果显示,在盐度、土壤结构和红树林群落存在差异的不同红树林,软体动物种类组成相似度低。多因子AZTI海洋生物指数(M-AMBI)结果表明海南岛西海岸红树林软体动物群落未受明显扰动,生态环境质量介于一般和优良之间,但仍受到人类活动与外来植物入侵威胁,因其在候鸟迁徙中的重要作用,亟需加强管理与保护。国家自然科学基金(31670490;31600436

Survey on Connectivity with Mobile Elements in WSNs

节点连通性是无线传感器网络研究的热点问题之一,然而由于节点能量耗尽、硬件故障以及通信链路失效等问题的存在,造成网络分割,因此如何确保网络连通成为; 无线传感器网络亟待解决的关键性问题.近年来,一个新的研究趋势是通过引入计算能力较强且能量较为充足的移动性节点来进行连通控制,提高无线传感器网络的; 整体性能.本文对目前利用移动性节点的主流连通控制方法进行了充分调研,通过对这些方法的详细分类和比较,归纳了移动式连通控制的各类方法的特点,分析了; 这些方法的性能和适用范围,总结了研究中存在的主要问题与挑战,并指出了未来可能的研究方向.The connectivity of sensors is one of the main research problems in; wireless sensor networks (WSNs).Data can be forwarded through connected; sensor nodes.However,becauseof energy depletion,hardware failure and; communication link failure,the network may be partitioned.How to; guarantee the connectivity becomes an urgent issue in wireless sensor; networks.Traditional work usually focuses on maximizing the connectivity; with minimum sensors.In recent years,a new research trend is to utilize; mobile elements for connectivity control.Since the mobile element is; more powerful than normal sensors,it improves the performance of many; aspectsin wireless sensor networks.In this paper,we makea comprehensive; investigation about the current major connectivity control methods with; mobile elements.We first summarize the characteristics of mobile; topology control methods via a new classification.Based on the; classification,these methods are compared to each other according to a; serial parameters.Finally,we analyze the performances and the; application scopes of these methods,summarize the main problems,and; point out the future research directions.国家"九七三"重点基础研究发展计划项目; 国家科技支撑计划项目; 国家自然科学基金项目; 福建省科技计划重点项目; 福建省自然科学基金计划项

Survey on Coverage Control with Mobile Elements in Wireless Sensor Networks

在无线传感器网络中,节点能量限制、硬件以及通信链路故障等问题,造成网络空洞的产生且影响了网络的正常运作,因此如何确保网络覆盖率成为传感器网络中需; 要解决的重要问题.近年来,通过引入移动节点来进行覆盖控制,提高传感器网络的覆盖率成为一个新的研究趋势.本文通过充分调研利用移动节点进行网络覆盖控; 制的方法,并对其进行了分类和比较,归纳了移动式网络覆盖的各种方法的特点,分析这些方法的性能和适用范围,总结存在的主要问题,并指出未来的研究方向.Due to the existence problems of energy depletion,hardware failure and; communication link failure and so on,which causes network holes and; affects the normal network operation. The insurance of coverage becomes; an urgent issue in wireless sensor networks. In recent years, a new; research trend is to utilize mobile nodes for coverage control, which; increases the coverage of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we; have a comprehensive investigation about the current major topology; control methods with mobile nodes,and summarize the characteristics of; mobile topology control methods via classification and comparison of; these methods. Finally,we analyze the performances and the application; scopes of these methods, summarize the main problems,and point out the; future research directions.国家自然科学基金重点项目; 国家科技支撑计划项目; 国家自然科学基金项目; 福建省科技计划重点项

磷酸盐的添加对甲烷氧化偶联反应镧基催化剂的影响

采用柠檬酸法制备了不同含量磷酸盐修饰的镧基催化剂,考察了磷酸盐的添加对镧基催化剂甲烷氧化偶联反应（OCM）活性的影响,并借助X射线衍射（XRD）、O2-程序升温脱附（O2-TPD）及X射线光电子能谱（XPS）等手段对催化剂的理化性质进行了表征.结果表明,随着磷酸盐加入量的增大,催化剂样品的粒径逐渐减少,催化剂的物相由La2O3向La3PO7和LaPO4逐步转变.当催化剂的物相由La2O3和适量的La3PO7构成时,催化剂具有较多的表面缺陷位点数和较大的亲电氧物种/晶格氧物种比值,并呈现出良好的OCM反应性能.国家自然科学基金(批准号:21373169);;教育部创新团队发展计划项目(批准号IRT1036)资助~

Pathways between superoxide and peroxide species on small La-O clusters

采用密度泛函理论方法考察了lA-O团簇上超氧物种与过氧物种间转化的连接途径.单重态下,团簇上单个超氧物种可通过一系列臭氧物种转化为过氧物种,且转化能垒较高;三重态下,单个超氧物种则并无与过氧物种间连接的途径.然而,lA-O团簇上两超氧物种间的相互作用及其转化也具单重态和三重态两条途径.三重态下,超氧物种可很容易地转化为过氧物种(O2+O2O22+O2),超氧物种与过氧物种处于快速的交换状态之中;单重态下,超氧物种转化为过氧物种则需较高的活化能垒,表明在单重态下这些氧物种具有较高的稳定性.Density functional theory calculations were used to investigate the connection between superoxide and peroxide species on La-O clusters.In the singlet state,a superoxide species can transition into a peroxide species by moving through a substantial energy barrier via a series of ozonides.In the triplet state,there is no connection between the two species,although there are two paths(singlet and triplet) that allow the interaction and subsequent transformation of two superoxide molecules on a La-O cluster.The superoxide species readily transitions to a peroxide species through a triplet pathway(O2–+ O2– O22– + O2),in which the superoxide species undergoes rapid exchange with the peroxide.In the singlet path,however,the superoxide species must move through a pronounced energy barrier to change into a peroxide species,demonstrating that these oxygen species are high- ly stable in the singlet state.supportedbytheNationalBasicResearchProgramofChina(973Program;2010CB732303); theNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(21033006;21373169;20373054); theProgramforChangjiangScholarsandInnovativeResearchTeamintheUniversity(IRT1036)~