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Microbial immobilization bioremediation of HPAM-containing soil

第一作者及联系人：刘江红（1966—），女，硕士，副教授，研究方 向环境生物技术和土壤环境、水处理方面。E-mail [email protected]。[中文文摘]从大庆油田采油污水污染土壤中筛选出以聚丙烯酰胺为唯一氮源和唯一碳源的4株聚丙烯酰胺降解菌R1、R2、R3、Y3。通过游离菌与固定化菌降解聚丙烯酰胺效果的实验数据比较,证明了微生物固定化法降解聚丙烯酰胺具有优势。因此,采用微生物固定法修复采油污水污染土壤,通过固定化颗粒的制备难易程度、强度、费用及对聚丙烯酰胺和原油的去除率等条件,比较了5种包埋固定化制备方法,考察了优选出的包埋固化法对土壤中污染物的降解能力。结果表明:PVA+海藻酸钠+添加剂法得到的固定化颗粒强度好,操作简单,不易破损,且费用低,对土壤中聚丙烯酰胺去除率为79.5%,对原油的去除率可达到98.7%。对筛选出的4种菌株鉴定得知R1为芽孢乳杆菌属,R2为微球菌属,R3、Y3为假单胞菌属菌株。[英文文摘]Four kinds of polyacrylamide(HPAM)-degrading bacteria R1,R2,R3 and Y3 were obtained by separation and purification experiments from petroleum-contaminated soil of Daqing Oil Field,in which HPAM is used as the only nitrogen source and the sole carbon source. In order to improve the biodegradation effect of pollutants in oil fields and reduce the loss of bacteria,the bioremediation method of immobilized microorganism was utilized. Five kinds of embedding immobilization methods were compared,including difficulty degree of immobilized granules preparation,strength,cost and removal rate of oil and HPAM. The degradation performance of embedding immobilization methods on soil pollutant was investigated. The experimental results showed that the immobilized microorganism granules made by polyvinyl alcohols (PVA)+sodium alginate+additives had high strength,simple operation ,not easy dilapidation and low cost. Degradation rate of HPAM reached 79.6% and degradation rate of crude oil reached 98.7%. R1 was affiliated to Sporolactobacillus sp,R2 was affiliated to Micrococcus sp. and R3 and Y3 were affiliated to Pseudomonas sp.国家863 计划项目（2008AA06Z304）

Bioremediation of petroleum contaminated soil

Conference Name:2nd International Conference on Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, CEAM 2012. Conference Address: Guangzhou, China. Time:July 13, 2012 - July 15, 2012.Two kinds of polyacrylamide(HPAM)-degrading bacteria S1, S2, which can use HPAM as only nitrogen source and the sole carbon source, were isolated from petroleum-contaminated soil of Daqing Oilfield. The bioremediation for treating petroleum contaminated soil by immobilized microorganisms can improve the effect on biodegradation for pollutants in oil fields and reduce the loss of bacteria. The degradation ability of five kinds of embedding immobilization methods on soil pollutant was investigated. The experimental results showed that the immobilized microbial granules, which used polyvinyl alcohols (PVA) and sodium alginate as coagulant, activated carbon as coagulant-support, exhibited good mechanical strength, operated easily, be not breakable and low cost. Experiments results showed that after treatment using this kind of immobilized microbial granules, the HPAM concentration declined from 500 mg·L-1 to 102 mg·L-1 in 48 hours. The degradation rate of HPAM reached 79.6%. At the same time crude oil content decreased from 733.21 mg·L-1 to 9.5 mg·L-1. These immobilized microbial granules can remove 98.7% oil from the petroleum-contaminated soil in 48 hours. 漏 (2012) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland

Microbial prevention of wax deposition in crude oil

Conference Name:2nd International Conference on Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, CEAM 2012. Conference Address: Guangzhou, China. Time:July 13, 2012 - July 15, 2012.Microorganisms were obtained by separation and purification experiment from waxy oil production wells in Daqing Oilfield. The paraffin removal strain was named for S1, and the biological surfactant strain was named for G1. Microscopic and morphological examinations showed strain S1 was to be Bacillus Subtilis and strain G1 was to be Bacillus Cereus. As an indicator of the degradation of paraffin, strain S1 and strain G1 were added in different proportions, the optimum proportion was 5:2. In this proportion the degradation rate of paraffin could reach to 64%, the prevention rate of paraffin could reach to 55%. By experiment after mixed bacteria group treatment, the viscosity of crude oil reduced from 36.9mPa&bulls to 27.8mPa&bulls, the reduction rate of viscosity was 24.7%, and the freezing point of crude oil reduced by 3.6掳C, paraffinic hydrocarbons of crude oil were degraded. 漏 (2012) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland