强激光驱动微颗粒高速冲击下铝合金材料的动态力学行为

微颗粒冲击条件下铝合金材料的动态力学行为研究，对保障铝合金部件在极端环境下结构设计和安全防护性能至关重要.针对2024铝合金材料，采用强激光驱动微颗粒高速冲击实验和数值模拟，研究其微弹道冲击行为.首先通过强激光驱动微颗粒冲击实验，获得了常温条件下冲击过程中微颗粒的能量损失与铝合金板材冲击的局部变形行为，并对有限元模型进行了验证；基于相场动力学模拟，获得了接近熔点温度的固液共存铝合金的微结构特征，并建立了流固耦合计算模型，给出了不同温度下铝合金材料的冲击能量耗散特性、应力分布规律与变形失效行为.数值模拟结果表明，动态加载下固液共存态铝合金中的流固耦合效应对铝合金的宏观动态力学行为有重要影响；固液共存铝合金材料的吸能效率更低，且由于固相枝晶的相互作用，使应力的传递路径发生明显变化

Application of platelet-rich plasma therapy combined with 5E rehabilitation nursing mode for patients with knee osteoarthritis (富血小板血浆联合5E康复护理模式在膝骨性关节炎患者中的应用)

Objective To explore the clinical effect of platelet-rich plasma therapy (PRP) combined with 5E rehabilitation nursing mode for patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods Totally 80 patients with knee osteoarthritis admitted to the orthopedics department of the hospital from March 2021 to March 2023 were selected as subjects. They were divided into test group and control group according to ward odd and even numbers, with 40 cases in each group. The control group was treated with PRP injected into knee joint cavity combined with routine exercise guidance. The experimental group was treated with PRP injected into knee joint cavity combined with 5E rehabilitative nursing mode. The effect of intervention at 6 months and 12 months after treatment was observed. Results The Visual Analogue Scale of pain in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group at 6 months and 12 months after treatment(P＜0. 01). The score of Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 6 months and 12 months after treatment(P＜0. 01). Conclusion Platelet-rich plasma therapy combined with 5E rehabilitation nursing model can effectively relieve pain and improve knee joint function in patients with knee osteoarthritis. (目的 探讨富血小板血浆联合5E康复护理模式在膝骨性关节炎患者中的应用效果。方法 采用便利抽样法抽取2021年3月—2023年3月医院骨外科收治的膝骨关节炎患者80例为研究对象, 按照病房单双号依次分为试验组和对照组, 各40例。对照组采用PRP 注入患者膝关节关节腔内并联合常规运动指导进行治疗, 试验组采用富血小板血浆注入膝关节关节腔内联合5E康复护理模式进行治疗。并观察两组患者的治疗后6个月、12个月的效果。结果 治疗后6个月与12个月时, 试验组VAS评分低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。治疗后6个月与12个月时, 试验组西安大略和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数(WOMAC)评分低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。结论 富血小板血浆联合5E康复护理模式能有效缓解膝骨性关节炎患者疼痛, 改善患者膝关节功能。

进展中的原生动物学研究热点领域与新格局

原生动物是一大类动物性单细胞真核生物.其高度特化的细胞结构与生理特征,独具的进化地位以及与环境、资源、人类健康和动物疾病间的密切关系,特别是其兼具的&ldquo;细胞&rdquo;与&ldquo;动物&rdquo;这个二元性统一体特性,使得以原生动物为模式或对象的研究在以细胞学、遗传学、适应与进化为代表的基础生物学、环境生物学、人类的健康与疾病防治、水产养殖及畜牧业等应用学科均具有十分广泛的科学意义和重要的应用价值.半个多世纪以来,伴随着研究队伍的不断壮大和发展,我国的原生动物学研究从早期经典的分类学、寄生虫学、生态学,逐步拓展到今天全面、深入地涉足涵盖基础与应用生物学各学科分支领域.在最近的几十年中,我国聚焦在海洋纤毛虫的多样性与系统学、表观遗传学、细胞生物学、比较基因组学、以寄生原虫为核心的免疫生物学、病害生物学、以鞭毛虫为核心的进化生物学、以海淡水纤毛虫和阿米巴等为核心的原生动物生态学等方向并取得了全面和长足的进展,许多代表性成果处于该领域国际前沿水平.本文扼要陈述了我国原生动物学各主流团队近年来的工作进展,介绍了该领域当前的研究热点和前沿性科学问题,同时对相关领域未来的发展进行了前瞻性描绘和规划.</p

进展中的原生动物学研究热点领域与新格局

原生动物是一大类动物性单细胞真核生物.其高度特化的细胞结构与生理特征,独具的进化地位以及与环境、资源、人类健康和动物疾病间的密切关系,特别是其兼具的“细胞”与“动物”这个二元性统一体特性,使得以原生动物为模式或对象的研究在以细胞学、遗传学、适应与进化为代表的基础生物学、环境生物学、人类的健康与疾病防治、水产养殖及畜牧业等应用学科均具有十分广泛的科学意义和重要的应用价值.半个多世纪以来,伴随着研究队伍的不断壮大和发展,我国的原生动物学研究从早期经典的分类学、寄生虫学、生态学,逐步拓展到今天全面、深入地涉足涵盖基础与应用生物学各学科分支领域.在最近的几十年中,我国聚焦在海洋纤毛虫的多样性与系统学、表观遗传学、细胞生物学、比较基因组学、以寄生原虫为核心的免疫生物学、病害生物学、以鞭毛虫为核心的进化生物学、以海淡水纤毛虫和阿米巴等为核心的原生动物生态学等方向并取得了全面和长足的进展,许多代表性成果处于该领域国际前沿水平.本文扼要陈述了我国原生动物学各主流团队近年来的工作进展,介绍了该领域当前的研究热点和前沿性科学问题,同时对相关领域未来的发展进行了前瞻性描绘和规划

Prediction of Energy Resolution in the JUNO Experiment

International audienceThis paper presents the energy resolution study in the JUNO experiment, incorporating the latest knowledge acquired during the detector construction phase. The determination of neutrino mass ordering in JUNO requires an exceptional energy resolution better than 3% at 1 MeV. To achieve this ambitious goal, significant efforts have been undertaken in the design and production of the key components of the JUNO detector. Various factors affecting the detection of inverse beta decay signals have an impact on the energy resolution, extending beyond the statistical fluctuations of the detected number of photons, such as the properties of liquid scintillator, performance of photomultiplier tubes, and the energy reconstruction algorithm. To account for these effects, a full JUNO simulation and reconstruction approach is employed. This enables the modeling of all relevant effects and the evaluation of associated inputs to accurately estimate the energy resolution. The study reveals an energy resolution of 2.95% at 1 MeV. Furthermore, the study assesses the contribution of major effects to the overall energy resolution budget. This analysis serves as a reference for interpreting future measurements of energy resolution during JUNO data taking. Moreover, it provides a guideline in comprehending the energy resolution characteristics of liquid scintillator-based detectors