217 research outputs found
考虑产品切换的客车混流装配线排序问题
针对主客观因素交互影响下混合装配线的排序问题,建立以最小化工作站堵塞时间与最小化产品切换次数为目标的交互排序模型,并依据客车在实际加工过程中的传统排序方案与模型所得排序方案的结果进行对比分析。模型构建从客观因素出发,优化堵塞时间即“重构”作业框架,以达到对负荷高峰时期进行削峰处理的目的,并进一步在主观因素层面上,考虑线上操作者的作业惯性,降低线上操作者对频繁切换产品的出错率以及保持较高熟练度时操作的方便与流畅性。引入主客观优化评价算法对模型进行计算,决策出最优任务调度方案。对比分析结果表明,模型获得的最优排序改善了装配线的生产堵塞时间,同时兼顾在主观因素主导下的产品切换频率问题,对于节省装配过程中有限的时间资源以及释放有限的空间资源起到很大作用。福建省高校产学合作项目(2017H6020);;福建省科技重大专项(2016HZ0001-9
In situ EIS Study on Titanium/Living Cells Interface
设计了原位电解池用于生物材料/活细胞界面电化学交流阻抗谱(EIS)的测量,原位观测了钛/MG63细胞界面EIS行为及其随时间的变化.原位电解池中引入Ag/AgCl作为参比电极,解决了EIS测量过程中高频部分信号失真的问题.钛/MG63细胞界面EIS研究初步结果表明:活细胞在钛电极表面附着,可改变界面双电层结构和电极的表面状态,进而影响界面的电化学性质.实验发现,由于钛电极表面氧化层的阻抗信号处于中低频段,而细胞膜层自身的电化学阻抗响应位于高频范围,由此,可分别分析不同的电极过程,解析其相互关系,研究活细胞在生物材料表面的作用机理.Using a home-made in situ electrochemical cell of electrochemical impedance spectroscop(EIS), the impedance behaviors of the titanium/MG63 cells interface were measured to elucidate the interfacial structure and to monitor the interactions of biomaterials and living cells in a physiological condition. The in situ electrochemical cell was designed to detect the dynamic EIS behavior of living cells growing on a tiatanium surface. A three-well design of electrochemical cell was used to decrease system error and a home-made Ag/AgCl electrode was introduced as a reference electrode to eliminate the distortion phenomena in high frequency range. The EIS spectra and its time dependency of titanium/MG63 cells interface showed that the polarization resistance was increased with the decreasing of CPE constant (Y0) and a new time constant in high frequency range was detected. It suggested that the adhesion and growth activities of the living cells on the biomaterial surface may influence the surface status and the structure of the double layer at the interface, and thus alter its electrochemical characteristics.国家自然科学基金(20273055);; 教育部博士点基金(20020384012);; 国家863计划(2003AA302230)资助项
Effects of Nd element addition on microstructure refinement of Ti-6Al-4V-2Cr alloy
采用冷等静压–真空烧结法制备Ti-6Al-4V-2Cr-1Nd合金,然后进行固溶及时效热处理,通过实验与最小错配度理论计算,研究Nd元素对该合金组织细化的影响,并分析细化机理。结果表明,添加1%(质量分数)的稀土元素Nd后,析出相Nd2O3能有效促进晶粒细化。二维错配度的计算结果证明析出相Nd2O3是有效的形核剂,可促进非均匀形核,增加形核率,从而使晶粒细化。通过对合金试样薄区进行高分辨率观察,发现另一种絮状的、非常细小的、弥散分布的Nd2Ti4O11相,由于其界面错配度较低,也可作为非均匀形核的核心,促进形核,起到细化晶粒的作用。Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V-2Cr-1Nd is made by the cold isostatic pressing and vacuum sintering, then the solution and aging heat treatment was carried on the prepared of titanium alloy, the effect of Nd elements on the microstructure refinement and the refinement mechanism were researched and analyzed through the experiment and theory calculation of minimum mismatch degree. The results show that the main precipitation phase Nd_2O_3 can effectively promote the grain refinement after adding rare earth element 1% Nd(mass fraction). The two-dimensional mismatch degree calculation results proved that the precipitated phase Nd2O3 is the effective nucleating agents that can promote the heterogeneous nucleation and increase the nucleation rate, thus promote the grain refinement. Through the high resolution observation of thin area in the sample, another precipitated phase Nd2Ti4O11 is found, which is flocculent, dispersed and very small. Because of the low degree of interface mismatch, Nd2Ti4O11 can also be used as the core of heterogeneous nucleation and promote nucleation, which means it can also play a role in grain refinement.河南省重大科技专项(102105000007
Effects of Nd element addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V-2Cr alloy
本试验采用冷等静压法及粉末冶金法制备钛合金,消除了成分偏析对合金性能的影响。在Ti-6Al-4V-2Cr中加入稀土Nd元素并进行热处理,运用光学; 显微镜、XRD和TEM对其组织和性能进行观察和分析。通过观察发现合金的组织为均匀的alpha +; beta相。运用XRD和TEM观察发现,晶界和晶内均有Nd_2O_3析出物,Nd_2O_3的出现细化了晶粒,提高了形核率,降低了晶粒尺寸。运用精; 密万能试验机进行了力学性能测试,当Nd元素含量为1%时,合金的综合力学性能最好,合金的抗拉强度提高了10.7%,伸长率提高了49.1%。The Ti-6Al-4V-2Cr-xNd alloys were prepared by the cold isostatic; pressing method and powder metallurgy with addition of Nd element,the; effect of composition segregation on properties of the titanium alloy; was eliminated,and microstructure and the properties of the alloy after; heat treatment were studied by means of optical microscope,XRD and TEM.; The results show that the microstructure of the Ti-6Al-4V-2Cr-xNd is; composed of homogeneous alpha + beta phase. Nd_2O_3 precipitates are; observed in the grain boundaries and in the grains by XRD and TEM,and it; can refine the grains,increase the nucleation rate and decrease the; grain size. The optimal mechanical properties of the alloy are obtained; when the Nd content is 1%,and the tensile strength and elongation of the; alloy increase by 10.7% and 49.1%,respectively.军工863项目; 国防973支持项
考虑产品切换的客车混流装配线排序问题
针对主客观因素交互影响下混合装配线的排序问题,建立以最小化工作站堵塞时间与最小化产品切换次数为目标的交互排序模型,并依据客车在实际加工过程中的传统排序方案与模型所得排序方案的结果进行对比分析。模型构建从客观因素出发,优化堵塞时间即\"重构\"作业框架,以达到对负荷高峰时期进行削峰处理的目的,并进一步在主观因素层面上,考虑线上操作者的作业惯性,降低线上操作者对频繁切换产品的出错率,保持较高熟练度时操作的方便与流畅性。引入主客观优化评价算法对模型进行计算,决策出最优任务调度方案。对比分析结果表明,模型获得的最优排序改善了装配线的生产堵塞时间,同时兼顾主观因素主导下的产品切换频率问题,对于节省装配过程中有限的时间资源和释放有限的空间资源具有很大的作用。福建省高校产学合作资助项目(2017H6020);;\n福建省科技重大专项资助项目(2016 HZ0001-9)~
中华双腔吸虫的生活史
本文首次报告中华双腔吸虫(Dicrocoelium chinensis)发展史各发育期的形态特征,通过生活史研究,首次阐明第一中间宿主是陆地蜗牛——同型阔纹蜗牛(Bradybaena similaris))(人工感染成功的厦门蜗牛)、枝小丽螺(Ganesella virgo)(黑龙江扎赉特旗,天然感染)及华蜗牛(Cathaicafasciola)(山西安泽,天然感染);第二中间宿主是蚂蚁:(Camponotuscompressus(山西安泽人工感染及天然感染)、Formica truncicola(黑龙江扎赉特旗,天然感染)及Formica gagates(吉林、乌兰浩特)。 比较了中华双腔吸虫和矛形双腔吸虫发育各期的主要特点,由此将长期来一直被混淆在矛形双腔吸虫中的这一重要虫种分别出来。 阐述了山西安泽中华双腔吸虫病流行区病原在自然界散布情况,包括羊只感染成虫状况及病原幼虫期在第二阶段的两个中间宿主(蜗牛和蚂蚁)感染情况
引江济淮工程对派河水环境的影响
引江济淮工程是淮河流域水资源战略配置及巢湖和淮河水环境综合治理的重要措施,并列入国家加快推进的172项重大水利工程。引江济淮工程派河段是按照丰、枯水期严格设计的,派河水质不仅直接影响巢湖口的水质,还将间接影响淮河水质。结合派河现状水文、水质条件,采用明槽恒定均匀流公式预测了引江济淮工程对派河规划年水文情势的影响,预测结果表明:工程实施后,派河水位将升高1. 01~2. 32 mm,流速将增大0. 24~0. 33 m/s,流量将增大76~103 m3/s;采用一维稳态稀释、降解综合模型对工程实施后派河国控断面水质的变化进行预测,以枯、丰水期的污染物背景浓度值为基础,考虑了枯、丰水期输水方向的变化,水质预测结果表明工程实施后水质将有较大改善。国家科技重大专项水体污染控制与管理“清水廊道技术标准化与产业推广模式构建”(2017ZX07603-004-04
基于差分统计方法的舌象纹理特征的分析与识别
为探讨舌诊客观化的方法,依据中医纹理判断的特点,针对舌象纹理特征分析,应用灰度差分统计方法,从对比度(CON) 、角度方向二阶矩(ASM) 、熵(ENT) 、平均值(MEAN) 四个参数,进行舌象纹理的量化和定义分类,并尝试将舌质老嫩的判别方法应用与临床舌质的判别,总体识别率为74 %。上海市教育青年基金资助项目(02CK22
东山岛植被资源和物种多样性特征
调查100块样地共1hm2并野外植被填图,岛上含维管植物84科160属184种,植物区系为热带、亚热带分布成分占总属数85.7%。对岛上16个群落中的植物种数和个体数作了物种丰富度指数D1、多样性指数D2、优势度指数D3、均匀度J等统计,其中相思树群落上述指数依次为8.124、12.502、2.878和71.93%;马尾松群落为8.676、18.468、3.354、83.13%,黑松群落为8.464、11.290、2.732、67.61%。说明该3个群落为相对稳定性较大的群落。各群落乔木种类4种指数变化幅度依次为0.185~2.012、1.017~2.628、0.078~1.006、11.25%~96.39%。灌木层上述指数变化幅度依次为1.083~4.468、2.014~16.028、1.006~2.687、57.49%~96.01%。显示了灌木层种类较为丰富,多样性较高,岛上植物属于闽粤沿海丘陵平原亚热带雨林区
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