Essence of tongue diagnosis of HE Meng-yao

岭南,指中国五岭以南的地区,相当于现在广东、广西及海南全境。因气候炎热潮湿,人群多脾胃虚弱,病多阳虚、痰湿。从晋代以后,当地医家以中原医学为基础; ,结合岭南特殊气候和人群体质特点,逐渐形成独具风格的岭南医学流派。何梦瑶作为岭南名医之一,其医术高明,医学著作颇丰,极大地促进了岭南医学的发展。; 《医碥》是其代表作之一,亦是其学术思想的精髓,为现代研究何梦瑶学术思想和岭南医家流派的主要古籍。其中所记载的舌诊方法,至今仍具有临床实用意义。Lingnan, Chinese refers to the south of the five ridges area, which is; equivalent to the current Guangdong province, Guangxi province and; Hainan province. All due to the hot and humid climate, majority of local; people are with spleen and stomach deficiency, most of the clinical; manifestation are yang deficiency and dampness. After the Jin dynasty,; based on the traditional Chinese medicine of central plains, the local; doctors gradually formed their unique medical schools, combining with; the characteristics of the local climate and peoples constitutions. As; one of the famous specialists in the south of the five ridges, HE; Meng-yao, greatly promote the development of local medical health level.; Yibian is one of his famous masterpieces, which is also the essence of; the his medicine. Records of tongue diagnosis in this book are still; practical in clinical.国家自然科学基金资助项目; 福建中医药大学校管课题; 福建省科技计划引导性项

Efficacy of Zaozhu Yinchen Recipe for Treating Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis and Its Effect on Free Fatty Acid and TNF-α

目的观察皂术茵陈方治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,NASH)患者的临床疗效,并探讨其对游离脂肪酸(free fatty acid,FFA)及TNF-α的影响。方法采用随机数字表法将120例NASH患者分为治疗组及对照组,每组60例。治疗组予中药皂术茵陈方,每日1剂;对照组予水飞蓟宾葡甲胺片200 mg口服,每日3次,两组均治疗24周。分别于治疗前后通过检测血清ALT、AST活性及TC、TG水平;行腹部CT计算肝脾CT比值;应用肝组织病理检查评价非酒精性脂肪性肝病活动度积分(NAFLD activity score,NAS)及纤维化程度以评价临床疗效;并检测血清FFA及TNF-α含量。结果与本组治疗前比较,两组治疗后血清ALT、AST、TC、TG、FFA、TNF-α水平、肝组织NAS积分及症状体征积分均明显降低,肝纤维化程度明显改善(P<0.05,P<0.01),且治疗组降低更明显(P<0.05)。治疗24周后,治疗组肝纤维化分期总有效率及临床总有效率分别为80.00%(48/60)、85.00%(51/60),明显高于对照组[60.00%(36/60)、73.33%(44/60)],两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论皂术茵陈方可改善NASH患者的临床疗效,其作用可能与抑制血清FFA及TNF-α水平有关。Objective To observe the efficacy of Zaozhu Yinchen Recipe(ZZYCR) on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) patients, and to explore its effect on serum free fatty acid(FFA) and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α).Methods Totally 120 patients with NASH were randomly assigned to the treatment group(60 cases,treated with ZZYCR, one dose per day) and the control group(60 cases, treated with Silibin Meglumine Tablets, 20 mg each time, thrice per day). The therapeutic course for all was 24 weeks. Serum levels of ALT and AST activities, TC and TG levels were detected before and after treatment. Peritoneal CT was performed in all patients, and CT ratios of liver and spleen calculated. NAFLD activity score(NAS) and degree of hepatic fibrosis were assessed using pathological examinations of liver tissue, and efficacy also evaluated. Serum contents of FFA and TNF-αwere also detected. Results Compared with before treatment in the same group, activities of ALT and AST, serum levels of TC, TG, FFA, and TNF-α, NAS, scores of symptoms and signs all obviously decreased, degree of hepatic fibrosis was obviously improved in the two groups(P < 0. 05, P < 0. 01). These changes were more obviously seen in the treatment group(P < 0. 05). After 24-week treatment, the total effective rate and total clinical efficacy were 80. 00%(48/60 cases) and 85. 00%(51/60 cases) in the treatment group, obviously higher than those in the control group [60. 00%(36/60 cases) and 73. 33%(44/60 cases) respectively], with significant difference(P < 0. 05, P < 0. 01). Conclusion ZZYCR could improve the clinical efficacy of NASH patients, and its mechanism might be associated with inhibiting serum levels of FFA and TNF-α.国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.81503529,81274155);; 福建省自然科学基金面上资助项目(No.2014J01374);; 福建省卫生厅中医药项目(No.wzpw201308);; 厦门市科技计划项目(No.3502Z20134020

苯硫酚对固氮酶催化活性的影响

研究了苯硫酚对棕色固氮菌固氮酶催化底物还原活性的影响。结果表明:当反应体系中固氮酶钼铁蛋白与苯硫酚的摩尔比为1:4时,固氮酶的乙炔还原活性比对照组下降了62.3％,下降的幅度随着苯硫酚浓度的升高而增大;但在乙炔存在的情况下,固氮酶的放H_2活性随着苯硫酚的浓度的升高而升高。在氩气氛下,苯硫酚浓度的升高对固氮酶放H_2活性的影响不明显。这一现象有可能是由于苯硫酚取代与铁钼辅基的Fe_1原子连接的半胱氨酸的巯基而引起的

Investigation on the iodine status among the population in rural and urban areas of Xiamen in 2013

目的了解碘盐新标准实施后农村和城市人群的碘营养现况,为有效落实科学补碘防控策略提供依据。方法在农村和城市调查点各抽取1个镇的1个村,在每个村采集自来水厂出厂水和末梢水各2份;抽取30户以上居民,采集各户家庭食用盐,用3日称量法测算各户居民人均食盐摄入量;抽取18-45岁成人50名以上,采集尿样。在抽中的镇随机选择8-10岁儿童(男女各半)、孕妇和哺乳期妇女各50名以上,采集尿样。测定盐碘、尿碘和水碘含量。结果农村和城市自来水末梢水水碘含量均值分别为4.5μg/L和6.0μg/L;居民人均每日食用盐摄入量中位数分别为7.0和5.6g;8~10岁儿童尿碘中位数分别为152.0和181.2μg/L;哺乳妇尿碘中位数分别为108.3和107.7μg/L;18-45岁成人尿碘中位数分别为121.1和147.4μg/L;孕妇尿碘中位数分别为116.0和112.2μg/L,尿碘含量低于150μg/L的比例分别达67.9%和64%;除农村人均每日食用盐摄入量高于城市,农村18-45岁成人尿碘水平低于城市外,其他指标农村和城市间差异无显著性。结论厦门市仍是缺碘地区,在现有碘盐标准下,8-10岁儿童、18-45岁成人、哺乳期妇女的碘营养处于适宜水平,但孕妇的碘营养不足,要开展针对孕期人群的碘营养监测和指导,杜绝碘缺乏所造成的危害。Objective To gain knowledge of the iodine status among the population in rural and urban areas after the implement of new standard for edible salt and to provide scientific evidence for the initiative of the iodine supplement strategy. Method 1 village / community was selected randomly from rural and urban area as research site respectively. 2 samples of treated water and tap water were collected respectively in both sites, 30 + houses were enrolled randomly and edible salt samples were collected. 3days weighed record was employed to estimate average salt daily intake. Urine sample was collected from 50 + adults aged from 18 to 45. Identical sample was also collected from 50 + children aged from 8 to 10( same amount of subjects in both genders),pregnant women, and lactating women respectively. Iodine level of water, salt, and urine was determined by laboratory assay.Results The iodine concentration of tap water in rural and urban areas was 4. 5 μg / L and 6. 0 μg / L,respectively. The median of average iodine intake in rural and urban areas was 7. 0 g and 5. 6 g, respectively. The median in urine iodine was 152. 0 μg / L and 181. 2 μg / L,respectively. This measurement in lactating women was 108. 3 μg / L and 107. 7 μg / L,respectively. And it was121. 1 μg / L and 147. 4 μg / L in adults aged 18 to 45, respectively. As for the pregnant women, the iodine level reached 116. 0μg /L and 112. 2 μg /L,respectively. The proportion of subjects has urine iodine level less than 150 μg /L reached 67. 9 % and 64 %, respectively. The average salt intake in rural area was higher than urban significantly, and the urine iodine level in adults aged 18 to 45 from rural area was significantly lower than urban. No significance was found in other comparison. Conclusion Through our investigation,Xiamen is still an iodine deficiency area. Under the implement of new edible salt standard, the iodine status in children aged 8 to 10, adults aged 18 to 45 and lactating women was adequate, however, we found that pregnant women enrolled in our study have iodine deficiency in some degrees. Therefore the iodine surveillance and dietary guidance should be performed among pregnant women to eliminate the harm caused by iodine deficiency

熔锥光纤倏逝场作用石墨烯双波长锁模掺镱光纤激光器

报道了利用熔锥光纤石墨烯饱和吸收体实现1μm波段的双波长锁模掺镱光纤激光器(YDFL)。利用光学诱导沉积法,将水溶液中的石墨烯纳米复合物在光倏逝场的作用下沉积至熔锥光纤的锥腰部位。该石墨烯熔锥光纤器件作为可饱和吸收锁模部件具有制作灵活、全光纤结构以及高损伤阈值等优点。基于该器件的可饱和吸收及腔内双折射滤波特性,通过调节偏振控制器优化激光腔内偏振特性,实现了稳定的YDFL双波长锁模。该激光器的两个锁模波长分别为1034.77nm和1038.85nm,二次谐波锁模重复频率为1.09MHz,腔内单脉冲能量最大可达35nJ

Clinical Research of Kangshi Kangxian Recipe Treating on Hepatic Fibrosis of Chronic Hepatitis B

目的观察康氏抗纤方治疗慢性乙型肝炎肝纤维化的临床疗效,探讨其对肝组织N-花生四烯酸氨基乙醇(; arachidonoylethanolamine,AEA) 、2-花生四烯酸甘油( 2-arachidonoylglycerol,2-AG); 、大麻素受体1( cannabinoid receptor 1,CBR1) mRNA、大麻素受体2( cannabinoid receptor; 1,CBR2); mRNA含量变化的影响。方法将110例慢性乙型肝炎肝纤维化患者按随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组,每组55例。治疗组予中药康氏抗纤方联合恩替卡韦分; 散片治疗,对照组用恩替卡韦分散片单药治疗,两组均治疗48周。判定两组临床疗效,检测血清ALT水平,HBV; DNA、HBsAg、HBsAb定量,肝组织病理、肝硬度变化,肝组织AEA、 2-AG含量和CBR1、CBR2; mRNA表达水平。结果与对照组比较,治疗组的临床总有效率、HBsAg阴转率、肝组织纤维化分期疗效有效率均高于对照组(chi~2 =; 4.453,4.152,6.364,均P < 0.05); 。与本组治疗前比较,治疗后两组患者肝纤维化瞬时弹性测定值、AEA、2-AG含量及CBR1、CBR2 mRNA表达均降低(均P <; 0.05),且治疗组降低更明显(均P < 0.05); 。肝组织病理显示:治疗后治疗组肝小叶结构基本完整,肝细胞轻度水样变性,汇管区纤维组织无增生,局部少量淋巴细胞浸润,炎症及纤维化较对照组明显改善。; 结论康氏抗纤方具有提高慢性乙型肝炎肝纤维化患者的临床总有效率、HBsAg阴转率、肝组织纤维化分期疗效有效率,其作用机制可能与调节内源性大麻素系统; 有关。Objective To observe the clinical effect of Kangshi Kangxian Decoction (; KSKXD) in treating on patients of hepatic fibrosis of chronic hepatitis; B ( CHB),and to explore the mechanisms of KSKXD by regulating the; contents of arachidonoylethanolamine ( AEA),2-arachidonoylglycerol (; 2-AG),cannabinoid receptor 1 ( CBR1 mRNA) and cannabinoid receptor 2 (; CBR2 mRNA) in the liver tissue. Methods Totally 110 patients with; hepatic fibrosis of CHB were assigned to the treatment group and the; control group according to random digit table,55 cases in each group.; The treatment group was treated with Chinese herb KSKXD combined with; Entecavir,and the control group was treated with Entecavir. Both of the; two groups were treated for 48 weeks. The clinical efficacy of the two; groups was determined. The serum ALT levels,HBV DNA, HBsAg and HBsAb; quantification,liver pathological changes,liver stiffness; changes,contents of AEA and 2-AG,mRNA expression of CBR1 and CBR2 in the; liver tissue were detected. Results The total effective rate,HBsAg; negative conversion rate,hepatic fibrosis staging and curative effect; rate of the treatment group were higher than those of the control group; (chi~2 = 4.453,4.152,6.364,allP <0.05). After treatment,the; instantaneous elasticity of liver fibrosis,the contents of AEA and; 2-AG,the mRNA expressions of CBR1 and CBR2 in the liver tissue in the; two groups were decreased compared to those of the same group before; treatment (P < 0.05),and the treatment group had better effect than that; of the control group (P < 0.05). The pathological changes in the; treatment group after treatment indicated the liver lobules; integrity,mild hydropic degeneration of liver cells,periportal fibrous; tissue hyperplasia,local small lymphocytic infiltration,which fibrosis; and inflammation were better than those of the control group.; Conclusions KSKXD was effective in the treatment of hepatic fibrosis of; CHB, which improved total effective rate,HBsAg seroconversion rate and; liver fibrosis stage efficiency. And its mechanism maybe related to the; regulation of the endocannabinoid system.国家自然科学基金资助项目; 福建省科技计划引导性项目; 厦门市科技惠民项目; 福建中医药大学临床专项校管课题基

旋转活塞发动机内部工作过程的研究(下)

四、转子机的点火燃烧过程 4.1 概貌 转子机燃料经济性不好的又一原因是点火燃烧不良。就基本原理来说,转子机与一般的往复机无异。但由于燃烧室结构上的一些特点,有它独特的面貌: i) 间接点火过程 电火花先点燃

固氮酶中N_2和N_2O结合位的一种新的鉴定方法

采用ＧＣ和ＧＣ－ＦＴＩＲ法，研究了Ｎ２和Ｎ２Ｏ对固氮酶催化Ｃ２Ｄ２还原活性及产物二氘代乙烯的反式－／顺式－异构体比值的影响，结果表明，Ｎ２和Ｎ２Ｏ均抑制Ｃ２Ｄ２的还原作用，并引起反式－／顺式－１，２－二氘代乙烯比值的增加．这一变化规律，与根据Ｃ２Ｈ２还原被Ｎ２和Ｎ２Ｏ抑制只发生在固氮酶铁钼辅基（ＦｅＭｏｃｏ）的笼内的假设而近似计算的结果相一致．实验结果和理论计算之间的一致性支持Ｎ２和Ｎ２Ｏ结合在ＦｅＭｏｃｏ的笼内，并主要抑制在笼内的Ｃ２Ｄ２还原的看

学龄儿童眼球后极部脉络膜厚度及相关因素分析

【目的】探讨岭南地区学龄儿童黄斑中心凹及周围3mm范围内脉络膜厚度的变化以及相关影响因素。【方法】招募2017年1月1日至2018年6月1日就诊于海南省眼科医院的健康学龄儿童195人，测量眼轴（AXL）、黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度（SFCT）以及黄斑中心凹上方、下方、鼻侧、颞侧1mm及3mm脉络膜厚度。根据等效球镜度（SE）分为远视组、正视组及低中高度近视组，比较各组黄斑区不同位点脉络膜厚度分布。跟踪观察香港特区新界东华三院马锦灿纪念小学二年级同学45人，根据儿童屈光状态分为近视组（基础SE<-0.25D或者1年后SE<-0.25D）和正视远视组（基础SE和1年后SE均≥-0.25D），比较1年前后黄斑区不同位点脉络膜厚度变化，并研究其变化与SE、眼轴改变的相关性。【结果】7~16岁学龄儿童脉络膜厚度在黄斑中心凹下为（SF）250（204~314）μm，以黄斑中心凹为中心向鼻侧和下方变薄，向颞侧和上方变厚，最薄点位于鼻侧3mm处，最厚位于颞侧1mm处，随近视度数增加，黄斑区各测量点脉络膜厚度均有不同程度变薄，且黄斑中心凹及周围1mm处脉络膜变薄较周边更加显著（成组秩和检验，P<0.05）。45名香港小学生随访1年后观察结果显示被检儿童各测量点脉络膜厚度与一年前比较均有不同程度的减少（配对t检验，P<0.05）。近视组与正视远视组比较AXL增长、SE减少明显，SFCT和周围各点脉络膜厚度减少均大于正视远视组，差异有统计学意义（成组秩和检验，P<0.05）。【结论】学龄儿童的后极部黄斑区的脉络膜厚度呈现不均匀分布，黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度较周边脉络膜厚度对近视的发展更为敏感

钼酸盐柠檬酸盐络合物及有机酸对棕色固氮菌生长的影响

将经过0.9%NaCl溶液处理8h的棕色固氮菌(AzotobactervinelandiiOP)作为菌种分别接入Burk′s培养基和用不同有机酸替代柠檬酸三钠或用不同等摩尔的钼络合物替代钼酸钠的各种改良的Burk′s培养基中,分别测定菌体生长曲线和固氮活性.结果发现,与Burk′s培养基相比,以高柠檬酸、苹果酸、马来酸替代柠檬酸三钠或以K6[Mo2O5(cit)2]·5H2O、K4[Mo2O5(Hcit)2]·4H2O和Na2[MoO2(Hcit)]·3H2O替代柠檬酸三钠和钼酸钠的培养基能促进菌体的生长;以乙醇酸替代柠檬酸三钠的培养基则会抑制固氮菌的生长;各种培养条件下菌体细胞的C2H2还原活性表现了类似的规律.讨论了固氮酶活性中心FeMoco在装配过程中钼的可能运输方式和装配机理