米氏凯伦藻细胞表面膜蛋白质组及其对温度变化的响应研究

米氏凯伦藻(Karenia mikimotoi)近年在我国福建、浙江和广东沿海经常形成赤潮,其赤潮不仅影响到海洋生态系统的稳定,也严重威胁到水产养殖以及人类生命健康安全。本论文以米氏凯伦藻为研究对..

Response of phytoplankton to nutrients addition in the upwelling regions of the Taiwan Strait

2006年6月在台湾海峡近岸上升流区通过表层水体营养盐添加的现场培养实验,研究该海区营养盐限制情况及其浮游植物水华产生的主要影响因素。对营养盐,叶绿素a浓度和浮游植物细胞丰度进行了测定,结果表明,实验中不存在明显的硅限制;氮磷营养盐均存在明显的限制,且氮限制情况更为严重。营养盐添加后,冰河拟星杆藻(Asterionellopsis glacialis)等硅藻迅速生长成为优势藻种,其对氮磷的利用机制有所不同。对氮营养盐采取吸收后迅速同化利用,相较于硝酸盐的补充,氨氮补充条件下优势硅藻更易迅速生长并迅速死亡;对磷营养盐的利用则由于体内磷库的存在,采用迅速吸收后贮存在体内慢慢消耗的利用机制。氮营养盐的补充是上升流期间浮游植物水华产生的主要因素。 【英文摘要】 In situ incubation experiments of nutrients addition to surface water from the upwelling region in the Taiwan Strait were conducted to investigate nutrient limitation of this area and the main factors that caused the phytoplankton bloom in June,2006.Variation of nutrients,Chl-a concentration and phytoplankton species density were analyzed.The results showed no clear limitation by silicon,however clear nitrogen and phosphate limitations were found,and nitrogen limitation was more serious than phosphate limit...国家自然科学重点基金资助项目(40331004)~

Microbial processes and mechanisms in carbon sequestration in the ocean

在全球气候环境演变的背景下,认识海洋微型生物对碳循环的贡献,需要了解其过程和机制。最近提出的“微型生物碳泵“理论阐释了海洋储碳的一个新机制:微型生物活动把溶解有机碳从活性向惰性转化,从而构成了海洋储碳。这个过程当中,自养与异养细菌、病毒、原生动物等具有不同生理特性微型生物类群扮演着不同的生态角色,本文将围绕微型生物碳泵主线分别论述之。The oceans are full of microorganisms,which play a significant role in global carbon cycle.Microbial carbon sequestration in the ocean,as a cutting-edge scientific issue,receives a great deal attention in the context of global climate change.Based on the microbial carbon pump conceptual framework,microbes are major producers of recalcitrant dissolved organic carbon(RDOC) that can stay in ocean water column for long time storage.Different microbial groups contribute to RDOC carbon pool in different ways.This paper addresses groups such as autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms,viruses and protozoa with respect to their various ecological characteristics and specific roles in RDOC formation.国家重大科学研究计划项目(No.2013CB955700); 国家自然科学基金项目(No.91028001;41276131;41176095;40906059); 国家海洋局公益性项目(No.201105021

海洋微型生物碳泵储碳机制及气候效应

海洋中存在一个巨大的惰性溶解有机碳(rdOC)库,可与大气CO2碳量相媲美.两个碳库之间的交换势必影响气候变化.rdOC可在海洋中保存数千年,构成了海洋储碳的重要机制.探寻rdOC碳库形成机制是认识海洋如何储碳的关键.新近提出的“海洋微型生物碳泵(MICrObIAl CArbOn PuMP,MCP)“理论指出,海洋微型生物是rdOC碳库的主要贡献者.本文从MCP的主动机制和被动机制及其环境调控出发,论述了海洋rdOC的组成与生物来源,rdOC组分的微型生物代谢途径,病毒的裂解过程以及浮游动物活动对rdOC生产的贡献,不同类群微型生物有机碳代谢特征及其生物标记物与碳氢同位素表征,以及MCP的能量代谢特征与储碳效率,并结合MCP储碳的地史证据展望了MCP在增加海洋储碳能力方面的应用前景.国家自然科学基金(批准号:91028001); 国家重大科学计划(编号:2013CB955700); 国家自然科学基金(批准号:91028005;91028011;41172030;41076091); 国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(批准号:201105021)资

A sulfotransferase specific to N-21 of gonyautoxin 2/3 from crude enzyme extraction of toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense CI01

[Abstract]:Sulfotransferase (ST) is the first enzyme discovered in association with paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxin biosynthesis in toxic dinoflagellates. This study investigates the ST activity in crude enzyme extraction of a toxic dinoflagellate species, Alexandrium tamarense CI01. The results show that crude enzyme can transfer a sulfate group from 3’-phosphoadenosine 5’-phosphosulfate (PAPS) to N-21 in the carbamoyl group of gonyautoxin 2/3 (GTX2/3) to produce C1/C2, but is inactive toward STX to produce GTX5. The crude enzyme is optimally active at pH 6.0 and 15°C. The activity is enhanced by Co2+, Mg2+, Mn2+ and Ca2+ individually, but is inhibited by Cu2+. Moreover, the activity shows no difference when various sulfur compounds are used as sulfate donors. These results demonstrate that the ST specific to GTX2/3 is present in the cells of A. tamarense CI01 and is involved in PSP toxin biosynthesis. In addition, the ST from different dinoflagellates is species-specific, which explains well the various biosynthesis pathways of the PSP toxins in toxic dinoflagellates.Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.40376032) and the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China (No.2001CB409700)

PERFORMANCES OF CATALYTIC MEMBRANE OF PVA-Zr(Ⅳ) FOR ESTERIFICATION OF ACETIC ACID WITH n-BUTANOL

［中文文摘］考察了PVA Zr (Ⅳ )膜催化乙酸和丁醇酯化反应的宏观反应动力学 ,认为膜催化酯化反应为扩散 反应联合控制 ,膜溶胀实验表明反应液各组分浓度不同于膜中各组分平均浓度 .假设膜催化反应分为 :膜溶胀前及溶胀后两个阶段 ,分别求出了此两个阶段反应动力学常数 .比较了PVA Zr (Ⅳ )催化膜和无催化活性层的PVA膜渗透性能．［英文文摘］The solubility of catalytic membrane of PVA-Zr(Ⅳ) was investigated and that the catalytic layer was found to swell in nearly two hours. The composition of the bulk liquid mixture was varied during the swelling and was different from that of the catalytic layer when the swelling equilibrium state was reached.Furthermore, the reaction rate constants of reaction kinetics equations were obtained for the esterification of acetic acid with n-butanol catalyzed by PVA-Zr(Ⅳ)catalytic membrane. The esterification was　taken as a model reaction to study the permeation flux for the catalytic membrane was less than that for the non-catalytic layer membrane in the first reaction stage during swelling, and such comparision was reversed around four hours later when swelling equlibrium was rdached.国家自然基金资助项目 (No 50243014

Research Progress in Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatments for Breast Cancer

[中文文摘]乳腺癌是影响妇女身心健康的顽疾,它的发生与多种因素相关。尽管手术、化疗、放疗、内分泌治疗等已广泛应用,但仍未找到良好的治疗方法。中医药对乳腺癌的病因病机、辨证论治有自己独特的见解,在临床治疗和基础研究方面也取得了一定的进展。中医药可以贯穿乳腺癌治疗的整个过程,已经成为乳腺癌综合治疗的一部分。[英文文摘] Breast cancer,caused by many factors,is a chronic disease affecting women′s emotion and physical health.Although surgery,chemotheropy and endocrine theropy,etc.are widely used in the treatment,no good treatment has been found so far.However,traditional Chinese medicine has its unique opinions in epiology,pathogenesis and treatment according to syndrome differentiation,which hasalso made some progress in clinical care and basic researches.Traditional Chinese medicine has been being playing a very important and useful part throughout the whole process of breast cancer′s comprehensive treatment

Recent Advances in Fluorophosphate and Orthosilicate Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries

Corresponding authors.SHI Zhi-Cong, Email: [email protected]; Tel: +86-411-39893938. YANG Yong, Email: [email protected]; Tel: +86-592-2185753.[中文文摘]综述了用于锂离子电池的氟磷酸盐和正硅酸盐正极材料的研究现状,重点对各种材料的结构及合成方法与性能的关系,特别是对如何改善材料的电化学性能进行了总结和探讨.展望了这两类锂离子电池正极材料的发展趋势.[英文文摘]We review recent research on fluorophosphate and orthosilicate cathode materials for lithium ion batteries.Emphasis is placed on the relationship between structures,methods of preparation and properties of the cathode materials.We especially focus on factors leading to an improvement in their electrochemical performance.Trends of research into fluorophosphate and orthosilicate cathode materials are also discussed.高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20090041120020); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(DUT10JN06)资助项

Y型聚乙二醇干扰素琢-2b注射液治疗HCV基因2/3型慢性丙型肝炎患者疗效和安全性的多中心随机对照试验研究

目的以标准剂量的聚乙二醇干扰素(Peg IFN)α-2a联合利巴韦林作为阳性对照,评价新型试验药物Y型Peg IFNα-2b注射液联合利巴韦林治疗2型/3型慢性丙型肝炎(CHC)患者的疗效和安全性。方法采用多中心、随机开放、阳性药对照的Ⅲ期临床试验,筛选符合要求的2型/3型CHC患者,按照2:1的比例随机分配到Y型Peg IFNα-2b组和Peg IFNα-2a组,同时口服利巴韦林,疗程24 w,停药随访24 w。采用Abbott Real Time HCV Genotype II检测HCV基因型,采用Cobas Taq Man实时定量PCR法检测血清HCV RNA水平。详细记录不良事件。主要疗效指标为持续病毒学应答(SVR),并进行非劣效检验。结果本试验实际入组2型/3型CHC患者255例,实际治疗241例。全分析集(FAS)数据显示,158例试验组和83例对照组患者SVR分别为85.4%(95%CI 79.94%~90.94%)和79.5%(95%CI 70.84%~88.20%,P=0.2402);对符合方案分析集(PPS)人群分析显示,试验组和对照组患者SVR分别为87.9%(95%CI 82.45%~93.27%)和85.9%(95%CI 77.82%~94.01%,P=0.7060),率差的95%可置信区间均符合非劣效标准;对PPS人群分析显示,85.8%受试者获得了早期病毒学应答(RVR),RVR的阳性预测值为90.1%;试验组和对照组不良事件发生率相似,分别为95.6%和95.2%,严重不良事件发生率分别为3.8%和3.6%。结论应用Peg IFNα联合利巴韦林治疗2型/3型CHC患者,新型试验药物Y型Peg IFNα-2b具有与对照药物Peg IFNα-2a相似的疗效和安全性。国家科技部“十二五”重大专项(编号:2012ZX10002-003)；“重大新药创制”十二五科技重大专项(编号:2012ZX09303019)

南海中深层动力格局与演变机制研究进展

南海是连接印度洋-太平洋的最大边缘海,在季风、海峡水交换以及复杂地形影响下,南海环流呈现出独特的三层结构以及远强于大洋的混合特征.理论与观测表明,南海内潮、内孤立波以及强风等过程是强混合的动力来源.在南海强混合作用下,南海发育了活跃的中深层动力系统,一方面促进了南海与大洋之间的水体交换,另一方面调控上层风生环流,使得南海环流显著区别于其他热带与副热带海盆.南海活跃的中深层环流所具有的物质搬运能力又显著影响着南海的地质沉积、生物地球化学循环等过程.中国对深海研究持续投入,在南海中深层环流动力学研究方面取得了显著的成果,文章就该方面进行总结,并对南海深海环流未来研究设想进行初步探讨