TT病毒与肝炎关系的临床流行病学研究

目的　对闽南地区各种肝炎患者、健康体检者、义务献血员和肝癌患者共480例从临床流行病学角度探讨TT病毒(TTV)的致病性及其与各种肝炎的关系。方法　采用巢式PCR检测血清TTVDNA、ELISA检测血清抗HAVIgM、HBsAg、抗HBcIgM、抗HCVIgG、抗HEVIgG,用EPIINFO60软件进行统计分析。结果　480名研究对象中TTVDNA的总检出率为23.96%。各种肝炎患者的TTV总阳性率为2394%,肝癌患者的TTV阳性率为2069%,而健康者的TTV阳性率为2484%,义务献血员的阳性率为3000%,均未见明显差别。从临床类型看,急性肝炎、慢性肝炎和重症肝炎的TTV阳性率都在25%左右;从病原类型看,非甲～戊型肝炎的TTV阳性率为2619%,并未见与相应健康者的2523%阳性率的差别;除HCV由于感染率太低而无法分析外,HAV、HBV、HEV阳性肝炎患者间TTV的阳性率分别为2000%、2314%、2179%,未见TTV与这些已知肝炎病毒的明显相关。对一个时期内的全部135例住院肝炎患者及153名健康者进行肝炎病原分析,HAV、HBV、HEV在肝炎患者中的阳性率都要明显高于健康人(P=00142),而TTV在肝炎患者中的阳性率与健康人没有明显差别(P=06021);对病毒的单独致病性进行分析,HAV、HBV、HEV在非重叠感染的肝炎患者中的阳性率都要明显高于健康人(P=00037),而TTV在非甲～戊型肝炎患者中的

Green Emission from a Strain-Modulated InGaN Active Layer

Strain-induced quantum dots (QDs) like island formations are demonstrated to effectively suppress pits/dislocation generation in high indium content (26.8%) InGaN active layers. In addition to the strain redistribution in the QD-like islands, strain modulation on the InGaN active layers by using the GaN island capping is employed to form an increased surface potential barrier around the dislocation cores, which inhibits the carrier transport to the surrounding dislocations. Cathodoluminescence shows distinct double-peak emissions at 503 nm and 444 nm, corresponding to the In-rich QD-like emission and the normal quantum well emission, respectively. The QD-like emission becomes dominated in photoluminescence due to the carrier localization effect of In-rich InGaN QDs at relatively low "carrier injection current". Accordingly, green emission may be enhanced by the following origins: (1) reduction in pits/dislocations density, (2) carrier localization and strain reduction in QDs, (3) strain modulation by GaN island capping, (4) enhanced light extraction with faceted GaN islands on the surface.National Natural Science Foundation of China [60876008, 61076091]; Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Fujian Province Universit

Comparative double-blind trial of KN-7 tablet and Robaveron injection in the treatment of neurogenic bladder

37施設で, 神経因性膀胱233例を対象に, ロバベロン注射剤を標準薬とし, KN-7錠剤の経口投与による排尿障害に対する有用性を, 二重盲検群間比較試験で比較検討した.解析対象例はKN-7群108例, ロバベロン群107例である.KN-7群は1日6錠投与した.改善度の効果判定では改善以上K群40.7%, R群38.7%, やゝ改善以上それぞれ76.9%, 72.6%と有意差はなかった.臨床所見中改善の良かった項目は, 尿意, 残尿感, 尿失禁, 排尿までの時間, 排尿時間, 尿勢-排尿力と尿線中断の改善などで, これらの改善以上はK群35.8%, R群30.8%で, 有意差はなかった.副作用はK群0.9%, R群6.8%, K群が有意に少なかった.両剤とも主として下痢で, R群ではその他頭痛, 頻脈, 肝機能障害, 発熱感などを少数例認めた.臨床検査値ではGOT, GPTの上昇が2例あった.有用度有用以上はK群46.3%, R群45.8%で有意差はなかった.疾患別では, 末梢神経疾患, 膀胱の性状では弛緩性, 時期では12ヵ月以内の例で特に改善率が高かった.以上から, KN-7錠剤は, ロバベロン注射剤に比べ, 同等の効果が期待でき, 安全性も高く, 長期投与あるいは外来患者の治療にも適するThe clinical effectiveness, safety and usefulness of KN-7 tablet as a new oral application of the prostatic extract, on urinary dysfunction of neurogenic bladder were compared with those of Robaveron injection by the double-blind test method. In the study, 2 tablets t.i.d. and a shot of intramuscular injection 1 ml a day were given successively for 3 weeks. A total of 233 cases were reported from 37 facilities belonging to the KN-7 Clinical Research Group. Some of them were excluded or dropped out. The number of cases used for analysing the effectiveness, safety and usefulness were 214, 232 and 215, respectively. There was no bias between the two groups with a significant homogeneity in the background. In the overall clinical effectiveness, the effective rate including excellent, moderate and slightly effective was 76.9% with KN-7 and 77.4% with Robaveron. In the clinical usefulness, the rate of usefulness of slightly useful or above was 75.0% with KN-7 and 75.7% with Robaveron. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the clinical effective and useful rates at a significant level of 5%. Side effects were observed in 1 of the 114 (0.9%) patients given KN-7 and 8 of the 118 (6.8%) patients given Robaveron. The incidence of adverse reactions with KN-7 was significantly lower than that with Robaveron. Based on the results, it was concluded that KN-7 tablets, 2 tablets t.i.d., would be as effective and useful as a Robaveron injection 1 ml daily and safer than the latter in the treatment of neurogenic bladder

下腿浴が心拍数、血圧、直腸温及び心臓自律神経系活動に及ぼす影響

The purpose of this study was to make clear the influence of foot bath on heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP) , rectal temperature (RT) and cardiac autonomic nervous. Eight males served as subjects (n=8, mean age ; 22.9±2.0 yrs old). All subjects gave informed consent before participating. Subjects performed foot bath condition. The water level was 10cm below their articulation genus. Water temperature was 40 degrees Celsius. Cardiac autonomic nerve activity was estimated with power spectrum analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) by using the Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT). High frequency (HF ; 0.15-0.40Hz) was used as the index of cardiac parasympathetic nerve activity. These values were showed logarithmically (Log HF and Log LF / HF). HR, BP and RT were not significantly differences. Log HF and log LF / HF were not significantly increased rather than values of Base. These results suggest that foot bath was not influence in HR, BP, RT and cardiac autonomic nervous