Investigation on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Long-Grouped High Speed Train Subjected to Crosswind

采用定常RANS方法,对长大编组高速列车的横风气动特性进行分析,从流场特性和气动力特性两个方面开展研究。结果表明,横风条件下,列车表面流动现象非常丰富,列车首尾流线型存在较多流动分离、再附等现象,且受横风侧偏角影响较大。在列车背风侧出现两个以上的复杂分离涡系,从列车头车下部开始,向列车下游发展并逐渐远离列车车体。分离涡系是列车承受非定常气动力的根源。列车头车是侧向力、滚转力矩最严峻的车厢,且随着横风侧偏角增大,侧向力、滚转力矩逐渐增大,列车行车环境逐渐恶化

管理栄養学部生の味覚の実態と食生活との関連

Purpose: To reveal the accurate conditions of young people with taste disorder and the factors which influence taste disorder.Method: For subjects, we used students from our University School of Nutritional Sciences and carried out a taste examination in which we used taste discs (Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co.Ltd). We also considered the association between taste examination and a food intake frequency investigation.Result: In the abnormal taste group (hereafter the abnormal group) there were 30 (58.9%) males, 121 (42.6%) females. The relationship between taste and the quantity of food intake for males was as follows; there were more subjects in the normal taste group (hereafter the normal group) than the abnormal group when their meal intake was significantly higher for seafood, egg products, other vegetables, fruits, sugar products and confectionery. Among females, for all the food groups there was no significant difference, however, for most of the food groups there was a tendency for the subjects to have a higher intake in the normal group than in the abnormal group. Regarding the relationship of the quantity of nutrient intake for males (these included vitamins B1, B2, C, D and E, saturated fatty acids, mono-saturated fatty acids, poly-unsaturated fatty acids, cholesterol, and sodium chloride equivalent) the normal group had an significantly higher intake than the abnormal group. Among females there was no significant difference in each of the nutrient groups, howeverfor most of the nutrient groups there was a tendency that the subjects have a higher intake in the normal group than the abnormal group.Conclusion: Our university students suggest there is a correlation between the quantity of intake for food groups and nutritional intake and taste disorder, especially among males, it was considered that their living circumstances may have an impact on taste disorder.目的：若年者における味覚異常者の実態と、味覚異常へ影響する因子を明らかにする。方法：本学管理栄養学部生を対象とし、テーストディスク（三和科学研究所㈱）を使用した味覚検査を行った。また味覚検査と食事摂取頻度調査との関連性を検討した。味覚検査では、舌6箇所の測定部位に4種類の味溶液をそれぞれ置き、認知閾値を測定し、この閾値結果の総平均値が3.0以下のものを味覚正常群（以下正常群とする）、3.0超のものを味覚異常群（以下異常群とする）とした。結果：味覚異常群が男性で58.9％（30名）、女性で42.6％（121名）であった。味覚と食事摂取量との関連では、男性においては魚貝類、卵類、その他の野菜、果物、砂糖類、菓子類の間で味覚正常群の方が味覚異常群より有意に多く摂取していた。女性においては、どの食品群間にも有意な差は見られなかったが、ほとんどの食品群で正常群の方が異常群より多く摂取している傾向が見られた。栄養素摂取量との関連では、男性においてはビタミンB1、ビタミンB2、ビタミンC、ビタミンD、ビタミンE、飽和脂肪酸、一価不飽和脂肪酸、多価不飽和脂肪酸、コレステロール、食塩の間で正常群の方が異常群より有意に多く摂取していた。女性においては、どの栄養素間にも有意な差は見られなかったが、ほとんどの栄養素で正常群の方が異常群より多く摂取している傾向が見られた。ライフスタイルとの関連については、住居状況（自宅か下宿か）において男性では味覚異常群の割合は下宿生の方が有意に高かった。朝食欠食状況において男性では欠食をほとんどしない群より、週2 回以上欠食する群の方が味覚異常の割合が有意に高かった。結語： 本学学生においては食品群および栄養素摂取量と味覚異常の関連が示唆された。また、特に男性においてはライフスタイルが味覚異常に影響を及ぼす可能性が考えられた

大学生における全血総ビタミンB1濃度分布範囲の検討

Background: Currently, it can be said that there have been striking changes in daily living circumstances and there are also imbalances in dietary patterns like satiation etc and this in turn causes nutritional imbalance.Therefore, this time we paid attention to thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency—previously a Japanese national affliction. And we conducted an accurate condition survey of total thiamine concentration in the blood of University Students as a means of nutritional assessment.Method: The subjects were 328 N University School of Nutritional Sciences first year students aged 18-20 (39 males, 289 females). We conducted the following tests; —anthropometric measurement, blood examination including total thiamine levels and a survey using interview sheets relating to diet and thiamine.Results: The average ± standard deviation of total thiamine concentration in the blood was 42.8±9.5 ng/ml for males and 39.7±10.2 ng/ml for females and they were nearly within the standard value 21.3~81.9 ng/ml and there was almost a normal distribution. From this result, the number of individuals who had a lower concentration level of total thiamine concentration in the blood than the standard value was 5, all of whom were female. For each anthropometric measurement and blood examination value, the BMI for two out of five people was 18.4, and 17.1 (deemed as lean type) and three out of five people’s bone density was 82%, 80% and 80% respectively which is lower than the average value for the same age generation.Conclusion: The value of total thiamine concentration in the blood was almost in normal distribution. The number of people who had a lower than the standard value of total thiamine concentration was 5, approximately 1.5% of 328 university students. Others were within the standard value.背景： 現在、日常生活環境・習慣の急激な変化や、飽食などによる食生活パターンの顕著な変化と乱れが指摘され、栄養のアンバランスがもたらされている。そこで今回、かつて日本人の国民病とされてきたビタミンB1欠乏に注目し、栄養評価としての大学生の全血総ビタミンB1濃度の実態調査を行った。方法： N 大学管理栄養学部生1 年生18～20歳の328名（男性39名、女性289名）を対象とし、身体測定、全血総ビタミンB1を含む血液検査、食生活やビタミンB1に関する問診票による調査を行った。結果： 全血総ビタミンB1濃度の平均値±標準偏差は、男性が42.8±9.5 ng/ml、女性が39.7±10.2 ng/ml であり、ほぼ基準値21.3～81.9 ng/ml 内で、かつほぼ正規分布していた。このうち全血総ビタミンB1濃度が基準値以下の者は5 名であり、いずれも女性であった。それぞれの身体測定値および血液検査値において5 名中2 名のBMI が18.4、17.1とやせ型であり、5 名中3名の骨密度が同年代の平均値と比べて82％、80％、80％と低い値を示した。結論： 大学生328名において全血総ビタミンB1濃度が基準値以下の者は5 名（全体の約1.5％）であり、その他はほぼ基準値内で、かつほぼ正規分布していた

Geology of the Nakamachi hill Excavation 2016 in west of the Lake Nojiri-ko, central Japan

The geologic results of the Nakamachi hill Excavation 2016（Joint survey between Geological Research Group for Nojiri-ko Excavation and Anthropology and Archaeology Research Group for Nojiri-ko Excavation） in the Nakamachi hill at western part of the Lake Nojiri-ko is reported in this paper. The Joint Survey 2016 in Nakamachi hill was carried out in August, 2016. The strata of the 16NK-P-8d grid was divided into strata possibly corresponding to the Shinanomachi Loam Formation, the Lower part of Nakamachi Sand and Gravel Member and the Middle to Upper part of Nakamachi Sand and Gravel Member in ascending order. In addition, there is a possibility that the open clack on the bottom and wall surface in the 16NK-P-8d grid was formed along with the uplift of Nakamachi hill.Article野尻湖ナウマンゾウ博物館研究報告. 26: 57-62(2018)journal articl

Tephra stratigraphy, facies and grain compositions of the Shinanomachi Loam Formation distributed around Lake Nojiri-ko

The Shinanomachi Loam Formation is composed of tephric loess, volcanic ashes, pumice and scoria lapllius, is overlain by the Kamiyama Loam Formation and Nojiri Loam Formation. At two well exposures at approximately 4 km south and 5 km north-east of Lake Nojiri-ko, we described litho-facies and grain compositions. Based on these litho-facies and grain compositions, and stratigraphic relationship, we are revealed that some tephra bed in the Shinanomachi Loam Formation is correlated to “Iz-KT a”, “Iz-KT c” and “In-Ny” wide-spread tephras.Article野尻湖ナウマンゾウ博物館研究報告. 27: 15-26(2019)journal articl

高齢者女性の下肢長から身長推定式について

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop predictive equations to estimate stature from knee height inelderly female in Nagoya. Design: Cross sectional study, convenient sample. Methods: Height, weight, andknee height were measured (knee height was taken from the top of the patella with the knee flexed at 90°).The predictive equations were fixed according to a stepwise linear regression analysis. Results: Knee heightwas highly correlated with stature. A linear regression analysis revealed the equation (Predicted stature(cm)=69.8+2.0×knee height(cm)-0.13×Age. R2=0.669)Conclusion: Knee height is useful for estimating stature when height measurement is not possible.背景： 高齢者の栄養評価をする場合、身長や体重の値が必要になる。しかし、高齢者では寝たきり、脊椎の変形などにより身長の測定が出来ないことが多い。目的： 女性高齢者について、下肢長から身長を推定する式（重回帰式）を作る。方法： 名古屋市内に在住する健康な女性高齢者（60歳以上）133名について、身長、下肢長を測定して重回帰分析を行った。結果： 分析の結果、重回帰式　推定身長（cm）＝69.8＋2.0×下肢長（cm）－0.13×年齢（年）を得た。その寄与割合はR2＝0.669であった。結論： 名古屋市在住の女性高齢者の身長を下肢長、年齢から推定できる