A Study on China Concentrated Apple Juice Industry

我国是传统的苹果种植大国，苹果种植业已经成为我国北方一些苹果主产区农村经济的支柱产业之一。随着产量的持续稳步增长，苹果的深加工产业也就应运而生。自山东中鲁果汁厂于1983年率先从国外引进第一条浓缩苹果汁生产线以来，在苹果的主产区陕西、辽宁、河南、山西等地都相继建起不同规模的浓缩苹果汁加工厂。至今，20多年过去了，中国一跃而成为世界第一大浓缩苹果汁生产国和出口国。如何推动我国从浓缩苹果汁的生产出口大国到强国的转变是本文所要分析论证的主要内容。本文共分五章。第一章首先介绍了浓缩苹果汁的概念及其与果汁和果汁饮料之间的关系，接着对全球浓缩苹果汁行业的发展状况做了简要分析，最后注重阐述我国浓缩苹果汁加工...China is a traditional country in planting apple tree. At present, apple is becoming one of the backbone industries of rural economics in the central production areas in northern China. With the sharp rising of apple yield, it’s deep processing becomes an important topic for discussion naturally. Zhonglu Apple Juice Company took the lead in introducing into the first apple juice product line in 19...学位：工商管理硕士院系专业：管理学院工商管理教育中心_工商管理硕士(MBA)学号：20021516

Effects of a Cognitive Approach for Insomnia

制度:新 ; 文部省報告番号:甲2524号 ; 学位の種類:博士(人間科学) ; 授与年月日:2008/1/23 ; 早大学位記番号:新465

绞股蓝治疗脑梗塞后脑功能障碍的诱发电位研究

目的采用视觉诱发电位（PRVEP）研究绞股蓝对脑梗塞病人脑功能障碍的改善作用。方法32例脑梗塞患者（A组）及正常老年人（C组）服用绞股蓝，并设立脑复康治疗组（B组）作为对照，三组均服药12周;其中有18例脑梗塞患者服用绞股蓝24周;服药前、后分别测查PRVEP的潜伏期、波幅、主波群形态和各波出现率等指标。结果A、C组被试在服用绞股蓝后，PRVEP主波群形态变陡，各波出现率增多，尤其晚成分N3、P4、N4波改善明显，C组晚成分波潜伏期缩短。服用绞股蓝24用较12周对改善PRVEP更明显。结论绞股蓝可明显改善脑梗塞病人的脑功能障碍，这为临床上治疗脑梗塞后认知功能障碍提供了可靠的依据

胰岛素降低海马谷氨酸和D-丝氨酸含量改善糖尿病大鼠空间学习记忆能力

目的观察胰岛素对糖尿病(DM)大鼠空间学习记忆及海马组织中谷氨酸和D-丝氨酸含量的影响。方法采用尾静脉注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)制备大鼠DM模型。注射STZ第3天建模成功后,大鼠sc给予胰岛素2 U·kg-1,每天1次,持续82 d。定期检测各组大鼠体质量及空腹血糖。第81天进行Morris水迷宫实验,检测大鼠学习记忆能力;实验结束后取海马组织,观察形态变化,并测定谷氨酸和D-丝氨酸含量。结果与正常对照组比较,DM模型组大鼠体质量明显减轻(P<0.01),血糖明显升高(P<0.01),逃避潜伏期明显延长,原平台象限游泳时间显著减少(P<0.01),海马组织中谷氨酸及D-丝氨酸的含量均显著升高(P<0.01)。胰岛素治疗组体质量增加,血糖含量恢复到正常水平。与DM模型组相比,胰岛素治疗组大鼠逃避潜伏期显著缩短(P<0.01),原平台象限游泳时间占总时间百分比显著增加(P<0.01);海马组织中谷氨酸和D-丝氨酸的含量也分别由DM模型组的(1.550±0.054)和(0.084±0.05)mg·g-1下降为胰岛素治疗组的(1.137±0.023)和(0.068±0.004)mg·g-1。结论胰岛素可以改善糖尿病大鼠空间学习记忆能力,这可能与其降低海马组织中谷氨酸和D-丝氨酸含量有关

The Cloning and Analysis of NDK-1 cDNA Derived from Rainbow Trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)

以虹鳟鱼(OnCOrHynCHuS MykISS)为研究材料,使用rT-PCr和rACE法分离和克隆了虹鳟鱼ndk-1基因CdnA的全长序列(gEnbAnk登录号:(fJ607868)。序列全长953 bP,其中5′端非翻译区(5-′uTr)长45 bP,3′端非翻译区(3′-uTr)长284 bP,开放性阅读框(Orf)长624 bP,编码207个氨基酸。虹鳟鱼ndPk蛋白序列与几种脊椎动物台湾樱花钩吻鲑、斑马鱼、西方爪蟾、非洲爪蟾、人和黑青斑河的同源性分别为95%,72%,68%,68%,65%和64%,表明ndk-1基因在进化过程中是高度保守的。RT-PCR and RACE(Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends)methods were used for the isolation of the full-length cDNA of NDK-1 gene(GenBank accession number:FJ591154)from rainbow trout.Sequence analysis revealed a 953 bp cDNA containing the 45 bp 5′-UTR,284 bp 3′-UTR and 624 bp ORF encoding 207 amino acids.Sequence alignment of NDPK amino acid between rainbow trout and salmon,zebrafish,western frog,africa frog,human and fugu exhibited 95%,72%,68%,68%,65% and 64% identity rate,respectively.The result indicated the NDK-1 gene was highly conservative in the progress of evolution.河北省科技厅科技计划项目资助(0624240011

Removal of a Foreign Body in the Urinary Bladder in a Patient Four Times in the Past Thirty Years

We report a case of recurring foreign bodies in the urinary bladder. A 67-year-old male inserted a foreign body into the urinary bladder during masturbation. Eight months later, he experienced a fever and went to a hospital where ultrasonography revealed a foreign body in his urinary bladder. Then, he was referred to our hospital for surgical treatment. The patient’s surgical record indicated that he had undergone the same operation 3 times in the past thirty years. The inserted foreign body was successfully removed by suprapubic cystotomy, and he was discharged 13 days after the operation. He was also evaluated by psychiatrists, but they diagnosed that he had no mental disorder. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the removal of a foreign body in the urinary bladder four times in the same patient

Transient Receptor Potential V Channels Are Essential for Glucose Sensing by Aldolase and AMPK

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) aldolase links sensing of declining glucose availability to AMPK activation via the lysosomal pathway. However, how aldolase transmits lack of occupancy by FBP to AMPK activation remains unclear. Here, we show that FBP-unoccupied aldolase interacts with and inhibits endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized transient receptor potential channel subfamily V, inhibiting calcium release in low glucose. The decrease of calcium at contact sites between ER and lysosome renders the inhibited TRPV accessible to bind the lysosomal v-ATPase that then recruits AXIN:LKB1 to activate AMPK independently of AMP. Genetic depletion of TRPVs blocks glucose starvation-induced AMPK activation in cells and liver of mice, and in nematodes, indicative of physical requirement of TRPVs. Pharmacological inhibition of TRPVs activates AMPK and elevates NAD(+) levels in aged muscles, rejuvenating the animals' running capacity. Our study elucidates that TRPVs relay the FBP-free status of aldolase to the reconfiguration of v-ATPase, leading to AMPK activation in low glucose