Sovereignty and Maritime Disputes in the South China Sea:Potential Conflicts between China and the United States

宋燕辉,中国台湾“中央研究院冶欧美研究所研究员。本篇论文是作者在由澳大利亚伍伦贡大学澳大利亚国家海洋资源与安全中心于2011年11月28日—12月2日举办的主题为“海域管辖的限制冶的第六届海洋法学会上的主题发言整理而成。电子邮箱:[email protected]。［文摘］自2009年5月起,南(中国)海周边国家所主张海域的主权、主权权利和管辖权方面的争端呈愈演愈烈之势。本文着重关注中美两国之间的潜在冲突,检视南海有关管辖权争端的近期发展,并得出结论,建议中美两国应采取一些行动来避免因《联合国海洋法公约》相关条款在南沙群岛问题上的解释和适用所造成的潜在冲突。［Abstract］Disputes over sovereignty,sovereign rights and jurisdiction in the maritime zones claimed by the countries that border the South China Sea have been rising since May 2009.This paper examines recent developments concerning jurisdictional disputes in the South China Sea by focusing on potential conflicts between China and the United States,and concludes by suggesting that a number of actions could be taken by China and the United States to help avoid potential disputes that may arise from conflicting interpretation and application of the relevant provisions of the LOS Convention in the Spratly area

The South China Sea Arbitration Case Filed by the Philippines against China:Arguments concerning Low Tide Elevations,Rocks,and Islands

宋燕辉，台湾髙雄中山大学海洋科学院海洋事务研究所教授，台湾台北“中央研究院”欧美所研究员。【中文摘要】2014年3月30日，菲律宾向仲裁庭提交了诉状，阐述了仲裁庭管辖权及菲律宾主张的实质问题。诉状中，菲律宾声称美济礁、仁爱礁、渚碧礁、南薰礁、西门礁和东门礁属于低潮高地，黄岩岛、赤瓜礁、华阳礁、永暑礁属于“岩礁” 因此无法享有200海里专属经济区和大陆架。本文探讨了菲律宾的主张是否在事实和法律上均确有根据，并认为仲裁庭很难做出有利于菲律宾的裁决。 【Abstract】On March 30, 2014, the Philippines submitted its Memorial to the Arbitral Tribunal, which presents the country’s case on the jurisdiction of the Tribunal and the merits of its claims. In the Memorial, the Philippines argues that Mischief Reef, Second Thomas Shoal, Subi Reef, Gaven Reef, McKennan Reef, Hughes Reef are low-tide elevations, and that Scarborough Shoal, Johnson Reef, Cuarteron Reef, and Fiery Cross Reef are “rocks”, therefore these land features cannot generate entitlement to a 200-nautical-mile EEZ or continental shelf. This paper discusses if the claims made by the Philippines are well founded in fact and law. It concludes that it would be difficult for the Tribunal to rule in favor of the Philippines’ claims

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Measurement of integrated luminosity of data collected at 3.773 GeV by BESIII from 2021 to 2024

We present a measurement of the integrated luminosity e+e- of collision data collected by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider at a center-of-mass energy of Ecm = 3.773 GeV. The integrated luminosities of the datasets taken from December 2021 to June 2022, from November 2022 to June 2023, and from October 2023 to February 2024 were determined to be 4.995±0.019 fb-1, 8.157±0.031 fb-1, and 4.191±0.016 fb-1, respectively, by analyzing large angle Bhabha scattering events. The uncertainties are dominated by systematic effects, and the statistical uncertainties are negligible. Our results provide essential input for future analyses and precision measurements