植物种子发育的分子机理

种子作为高等植物有性生殖的产物,不仅是植物繁育的最主要形式,也是人类赖以生存的粮食的最主要来源。在被子植物的有性生殖过程中,来自花粉的两个精子分别与胚囊中的卵细胞和中央细胞融合形成合子和初生胚乳核。前者经过细胞分裂、分化、器官发生和休眠建立等过程形成胚胎;后者经过游离核分裂、细胞化等过程形成胚乳。一个完整的胚胎具有子叶、胚轴、茎尖和根尖分生组织等结构。在种子发育和萌发过程中,胚乳为胚胎提供营养。胚胎和胚乳均可作为植物的营养累积器官,在发育后期累积淀粉、脂肪酸或/和蛋白质等。毫无疑问,受精后的胚胎与胚乳发育不仅是高等植物生活周期的一个重要环节,也是作物产量和品质决定的最关键时期。这一过程所涉及的细胞分裂、细胞分化、器官发生和胞间通信等过程的调控机制是生命科学领域的重大科学问题,也是发育生物学研究的核心命题。相关研究不仅为揭示种子形成的调控机理提供重要线索,也将为农作物的产量和品质提高提供新的技术手段。本文将重点阐述种子研究的重要性、国内外相关研究进展和未来发展前景

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of $0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm$$0.2({\rm stat})$ events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies