从需求导向到问题导向:社会工作“中国道路”的专业合法性考察

我国本土社会工作已经进入了跨部门联合推动的阶段,不仅服务的领域和深度得到进一步拓展,而且服务专业化呼声越来越高,急需服务对象以及利益相关方认可,获得专业合法性,而国内有关研究却集中在专业性的探讨上,忽视专业性背后的合法性问题。因此,有必要针对我国本土社会工作实践逻辑的专业合法性进行考察,使我国本土社会工作真正具有不可替代的专业性。研究发现,我国本土社会工作走的是一条"我找你"的场景实践的专业化道路,与西方根本不同,需要转变西方"你找我"这种以需求为导向、抽离日常生活的"科学化"的普遍逻辑,走进服务对象的日常生活中,以问题为导向,深入服务对象的生活场景中寻找问题解决的方法,建立一种场景实践中经验反思的差异逻辑。国家社会科学基金项目“新时代的场景实践与中国社会工作本土化理论体系建设”(编号:18BSH151

安全级数字化系统软件测试用例生成方法研究

基于概率风险评价(PRA)和物理仿真模型,本文提出了一种针对核电厂安全级数字化控制系统的软件测试用例生成方法。所产生的测试用例包含了风险指引信息,能定性描述软件实际操作场景。文中以某核电厂保护系统子系统软件为例,分析系统的故障模式和子系统软件输入空间,建立软件的运行剖面,结合RELAP5仿真模型,获得了可用于测试核电厂安全级数字化控制系统软件可靠性的测试用例。该方法产生的测试用例为开展核电厂安全级数字化控制系统的软件可靠性定量评估研究奠定了基础。厦门大学能源学院发展基金(2017NYFZ01)；福建省科技计划(2016H0034)资助

Construction of polybutycyanocrylate nanoparticles(PBCA-NPs) loaded P16a gene and expression in Hep-2 cell

目的制备携带P16A基因的聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米粒并在喉癌细胞中进行表达。方法选用乳化聚合法制备PbCA-nPS,以激光粒度分析仪及透射电子显微镜分析纳米粒的形态和粒径。用阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三乙基溴化铵(CTAb)对纳米粒进行表面修饰。构建真核表达载体PIrES2-EgfP-P16A经过酶切鉴定及测序后与PbCA-nPS连接,转染喉癌细胞HEP-2,荧光显微镜检测转染效率,蛋白印迹法检验P16A基因的表达,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率。结果所制PbCA-nPS粒径均匀、zETA电位较高,较为理想;重组质粒PIrES2-EgfP-P16A经过酶切鉴定及测序后,表明真核表达载体构建正确;PbCA-nPS可以介导PIrES2-EgfP-P16A高效转染喉癌细胞,蛋白印迹检测表明转染后喉癌细胞能够表达外源P16A基因,在其介导下P16A能有效抑制喉癌细胞的增殖并能诱导细胞凋亡。结论聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米粒可以作为一种良好的基因载体,为喉癌的基因治疗提供了新思路。[Objective] To prepare polybutycyanocrylate nanoparticles(PBCA-NPs)loaded P16a gene as the gene delivery system,and to express the P16a protein in Hep-2 cell line.[Methods] PBCA-NPs were prepared by the emulsion polymerization method.Surface of PBCA-NPs was surveyed by transmission electron micrographs(TEM),the grain distribution and zeta potentials of PBCA-NPs were determined with the laser grain analyzer.The PBCA-NPs surface was modified by the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB).Construct the eukaryotic expression vector pIRES2-EGFP-P16a and the recombined plasmid were extracted and purified.After verification by double enzyme digestion and sequencing,the constructed eukaryotic expression plasmid was transfected to Hep-2 line.Transfect ion efficiency was observed by fluorescence microscope and the expression of P16a gene was detected by Western blot.Apoptosis was detected by flow cytomery.[Results] Nps with even size and smooth surface were successfully obtained,holding the higher zeta electric potential.The new constructed vector was confirmed by restricted enzyme and sequencing.pIRES2-EGFP-P16 can be mediated by PBCA-NPs with high transfection efficiency.Exogenous P16a gene can be expressed in transfected Hep-2 cell line detected by Western blot.P16a mediated by Nps can effectively inhibit the proliferation of Hep-2 cell,and induce Hep-2 cell apoptosis in vitro.[Conclusions] PBCA-NPs could be a good vector and provided a new way for gene therapy of laryngocarcinoma.厦门市卫生局科研立项专项资金(序号wsk09)资

Research on T Lymphocyte Subsets and NK Cells Activity in Peripheral Blood of Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

目的:分析下咽鳞状细胞癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群和NK细胞活性情况,旨在为相关研究工作提供参考资料。方法:择取2011年6月-2016年5月本院收治的95例下咽鳞状细胞癌病患为病例组,另取此期间内来本院接受健康检查的72例志愿者为正常组。使用流式细胞仪对病患开展相关检查,分析病例组与正常组的淋巴细胞亚群、NK活性情况以及不同临床分期的下咽癌病患外周血T淋巴细胞亚群以及NK细胞活性之间的关系。结果:与正常组相比,病例组的NK细胞、总B淋巴细胞、总T淋巴细胞、辅助/抑制T细胞、辅助T细胞偏低(P0.05)。Ⅰ~Ⅱ期病患辅助T淋巴细胞比Ⅲ~Ⅳ期者略高(P>0.05)。Ⅰ~Ⅱ期病患抑制T淋巴细胞值比Ⅲ~Ⅳ期者低(P0.05)。Ⅰ~Ⅱ期病患外周血NK细胞数比Ⅲ~Ⅳ期者略高(P>0.05)。结论:下咽鳞状细胞癌病患的免疫功能异常,且随着疾病的进展,细胞免疫和体液免疫均有所降低,证实免疫功能紊乱在疾病进展中发挥了一定作用。经流式细胞设备对外周静脉血淋巴细胞亚群以及NK细胞活性情况检测,可实现动态化检测癌症病患某阶段细胞免疫功能变化详情,此法方便简单,在指导治疗方案制定以及监测疾病预后方面,均体现出了一定效果,值得进一步推广

Sarcomatoid Carcinoma of Hypopharynx： A Report of 5 Cases

目的探讨下咽肉瘤样癌的临床及病理学特点,为下咽肉瘤样癌的诊治提供参考依据,提高对肉瘤样癌的诊断、治疗及其预后的认识。方法分析2010年1月—2014年9月我院治疗的5例下咽肉瘤样癌患者的临床资料,包括诊疗过程、病理特征等。结果 5例患者均经过不同的手术方式,其中咽后壁扩大切除1例,梨状窝扩大切除2例,全后、全下咽、全食管切除2例;肉瘤样癌肉瘤样成分与癌成分共存,且之间有一定的移行,CK、vimentin均表达阳性,P63阳性4例。5例患者均定期随访。结论下咽肉瘤样癌有其特殊的生物学行为及病理学特点,是一种不同于其他类型的恶性肿瘤,具有自身病理特征,预后情况各不相同,外科手术仍是首选治疗方法,术后辅助放化疗。Objective To explore the biological behavior and clinical features of the sarcomatoid carcinoma（SC） of hypopharynx for improving the diagnosis,treatment and judgment of prognosis of the tumor.Methods Clinical data,including treatment process and pathology features of the 5 cases of SC underwent operation in our department from January 2010 to September 2014 was analyzed retrospectively.Results All the five patients underwent different surgical procedures and all survived,one case received pharyngeal extended resection,tow cases received pyriform extended resection and tow cases received total throat、swallow、esophagectomy resection.The biological of sarcomatoid carcinoma of head and neck performed components and cancer components coexisted,and has a certain shift between them,CK and vimentin expressed was positive in all cases,P63 was positive in 4 cases.All patients were followed up regularly.Conclusion Sarcomatoid carcinoma of hypopharynx has its special biological behavior and pathology characteristics,it is different from other types of malignant tumors,and has its own pathological features,surgeryis is still the preferred method,postoperative assistance chemotherapy is needed

非传播孤立波及其相互作用的数值模拟

通过数值求解由Miles导出的目前公认的非传播孤立波的控制方程——一个带复共轭项的非线性立方Schr〖AKo¨〗dinger方程,对非传播孤立波进行研究.讨论了Miles方程中的线性阻尼系数α的值,模拟了两个非传播孤立波的相互作用,数值模拟表明,两个波的作用模式依赖于系统的参数,对不同的初始扰动及其演化的计算表明,只有适当的初始扰动才能形成单个稳定的非传播孤立波,否则扰动可能消失或发展成多个孤立波

Plasma and vitreous fluid levels of Dickkopf-1 in patients with diabetic retinopathy

National Basic Research Program of China (Project973) [2011CB504606]; National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, China [30931160432, 30872810]; Technological Innovation Platform Program of Fujian Province, China [2009J1013]; NIH [EY019309, EY018659]; Cross-strait Technological Platform of Chinese Medicine [3502Z20100006]Purpose Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) is a secreted inhibitor of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, which plays a pathogenic role in diabetic retinopathy (DR). We aimed to investigate whether DKK-1 levels in the plasma and the vitreous are associated with DR in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Methods Case-control study: plasma samples were collected from 125 type 2 DM including 81 DR (29 non-proliferative DR (NPDR) and 52 proliferative DR (PDR)), 44 non-DR patients (NDR), and 100 non-diabetic controls. Undiluted vitreous fluid samples were obtained from 30 PDR and 25 nondiabetic patients. DKK-1 concentrations in samples were determined using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Variables were compared with the Kruskal-Wallis H test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and chi(2)-test, when appropriate. Results Plasma DKK-1 levels were significantly lower in DR patients (median: 465.77 pg/ml, range: 137.11-1190.31) than in non-diabetic controls (656.83 pg/ml, 171.63-1795.08; P < 0.001) and NDR patients (693.04 pg/ml, 305.43-1218.35; P < 0.001). Furthermore, DKK-1 levels were lower in PDR patients (425.21 pg/ml, 137.10-1077.32) compared with NPDR patients (594.86 pg/ml, 256.36-1393.27; P = 0.003). Vitreous absolute DKK-1 levels in PDR patients (259.04 pg/ml, 104.44-596.96) were higher than in nondiabetic controls (138.26 pg/ml, 18.69-239.52; P < 0.001). After normalizing by total vitreous protein concentrations, however, there was no significant difference between the groups. DKK-1 levels in vitreous were lower than those in plasma in both groups (P < 0.001 for controls; P = 0.002 for PDR patients). Conclusions Decreased plasma DKK-1 levels, which may contribute to the Wnt pathway activation, are associated with the presence and progression of DR, and have potential to become a biomarker for DR. Eye (2014) 28, 402-409; doi: 10.1038/eye.2013.229; published online 10 January 201