维持性血透患者的心理状态研究

研究我国血透患者的心理状况并进行针对性的心理治疗。方法 采用症状自评量表(SCL90-R)、多维度健康状况心理控制源量表(MHLC)、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)及终末期肾脏病(ESRD)患者专用的生活质量表对北京六个医院透析中心的92名维持性血透患者进行了心理状态的研究,并与美国及加拿大相同的研究进行了比较分析。结果 本组的血透存在着抑郁、焦虑、恐怖等心理障碍,出现心理障碍的比例显著高于美国同类患者(P&lt;0.01),且焦虑的发生率高于美国同类患者(P&lt;0.01)。这些障碍与MHLC中机遇项分(CED)显著相关(P&lt;0.01)。EPQ中神经质项分高者倾向于发生抑郁、焦虑等心理障碍。本组的血透患者客观生活质量较加拿大同类患者低(P&lt;0.01),但在总的生活满意度上没有显著性差异。生活质量与心理及躯体因素均呈显著相关,心理障碍与躯体症状也显著相关(P&lt;0.01)。结论 本组的血透患者心理状态与美国加拿大同类患者相比既有相同之处,又有特殊之处。我们应该兼顾病人的躯体和精神两方面的健康,努力提高他们的生活质量。</p

Raman and AFM Characterization of Au and Cu Nanorod and Nanowire Arrays

通过电化学氧化法制备具有不同孔径氧化铝模板 ,利用交流电镀的方法在模板中沉积金属 ,再用酸溶解模板可以得到相应尺度的金属纳米线或纳米棒的阵列 .本文利用原子力显微镜和表面增强拉曼技术分别表征了金和铜两种金属纳米线阵列 .研究结果表明 ,作为探针分子的硫氰(SCN )在金属纳米线上的碳氮三键的振动频率随纳米线直径的增大而蓝移 .这一现象可能是因为尺寸效应对纳米线的费米能级造成影响 ,使不同直径的金属纳米线电子结构存在微小的差别 .Recently metal nanowires (nanorods) have aroused tremendous interest because of their novel properties and potential applications in wide fields [1] . Many two?dimensional nanowire arrays of semiconductors and metals with different diameter and length have been made by using template synthesis method. To characterize the novel optical, electronic and magnetic properties of these materials, UV?Vis and fluorescence spectroscopies are two of the most wildly used methods [2, 3] . Raman spectroscopy has, however, only been applied to the characterizing of semiconductor nanowires and carbon nanotubes [4,5] . Important and meaningful information can be obtained in these cases, as some forbidden Raman modes in the bulk materials become Raman active [4, 5] . Raman spectroscopy is apparently not suitable to study metal nanowires since it can only detect the mechanical vibration bands located in the extremely low frequency region. Consequently, an alternative way has to be established to study the metal nano?wires (?rods) with Raman spectroscopy. In the present work, we have taken the probe molecule strategy and used surface?enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to characterize metal nanorods (nanowires). It is well known that for a molecule which interacts strongly with a surface, its vibrational band frequency and shape are very sensitive to the electronic property, the chemical environment and the morphology of the surface. Hence Raman spectroscopy has long been used to analyze the atomic structures and the electronic properties of the surface indirectly through assessing carefully the spectral changes of the adsorbate known as a probe molecule. On that account, it is of great interest to diagnose the electronic structures of the metal nanorods with the vibrational spectrum of a probe molecule. We have examined the changes in the electronic properties of the nanorods through analyzing the spectral changes of the probe molecule. For this purpose a typical SERS molecule of SCN - was employed. The nanorod arrays of Au and Cu with different diameter from about 15 nm to 130 nm were fabricated electrochemically by means of the anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. To partially expose metal nanowires with various lengths, the AAO template was chemically etched off to a certain extent by an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid or sodium hydroxide as shown in Fig. 1. After the template was etched off, the nanowires can be characterized by TEM, see Fig. 2. The tapping mode AFM image was obtained on a scanning probe microscope (Nanoscope IIIa). SERS measurements were performed on a confocal microprobe Raman system (LabRam I).作者联系地址：厦门大学固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室!化学系福建厦门361005,厦门大学固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室!化学系福建厦门361005,南京师范大学化学系!江苏南京,210097,厦门大学固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室!化学系福建厦门361005,厦门大学固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室!Author's Address: State Key Lab.for Phys.Chem.of Solid Surf.,Xiamen Univ.,Xiamen 361005, China; 1 Dept. of Chem., Nanjing Norm

Research progress in crosslinking modification of aqueous pressure-sensitive adhesives

综述了交联改性水性压敏胶的研究进展,包括水性丙烯酸酯和聚氨酯类压敏胶。简述了水性压敏胶中常用的几种交联体系(包括酮羰基交联体系、离子交联体系、丙烯酰胺衍生物交联体系、异氰酸酯类交联体系、环氧类交联体系等),并对其性能进行了介绍。最后对水性压敏胶交联体系的发展方向进行了展望。The research progress in crosslinking modification of aqueous pressure-sensitive adhesives was summarized, including the aqueous acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesives and the aqueous polyurethane pressure-sensitive adhesives. The several common crosslinking systems （ketone carbonyl-, chelate metal acetylacetonates-, acrylamide-, isocyanate-, epoxy-crosslinking systems） in the aqueous pressure-sensitive adhesives were simply described. And their properties were introduced. Finally, the future development direction of aqueous pressure-sensitive adhesives crosslinking systems was expected

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of AtPCS1 into Medicago sativa.L

利用RT-PCR扩增拟南芥螫合肽合成酶(AtPCS1)基因全序列.进一步构建AtPCS1的植物表达载体pB I 121-AtPCS1,转化农杆菌EHA105;然后用转化的农杆菌EHA105以叶盘法侵染苜蓿甘农一号叶片,在50mg/L Kan的筛选压下,经过约80～100d的筛选,获得57棵再生苗.随机取其中9棵再生苗进行PCR检测,其中6棵为阳性.初步鉴定表明AtPCS1基因已整合到苜蓿基因组中.The full length of AtPCS1 gene was amplified by RT-PCR from Arabidopsis thaliana(ecotype Columbia).Furthermore,AtPCS1 plant expression vector pBⅠ121-AtPCS1 was constructed and transfered into Agrobacterium EHA105 and AtPCS1 gene was transferred into alfalfa Gannong No.1 by leaf infection method.Transgenic alfalfa plants have been regenerated under the 50 mg/L Kan concentration pressure after 80～100 days.Six putative transgenic plants were screened by AtPCS1-specific PCR in nine randomly chosen samples.The primary results showed that the AtPCS1 has been transferred into alfalfa.甘肃省自然科学基金项目(3ZS042-B25-011);; 兰州理工大学博士基金项目(SB08200602);; 幅建省自然科学基金项目(D0410004)资助

CHILDREN'S MIRROR WRITING

本实验选择了幼儿园大班,小学一、三、五年级的5&mdash;12岁右利儿童133人,用八种书写方式书写自己的姓名、阿拉伯数字1&mdash;10和八个汉字,同时检查了儿童的定向能力。结果表明:随着年龄的增大,镜像书写出现的人次和数目减少;自左往右的习惯方向书写所出现的镜像人次和数目比自右往左的非习惯方向少;左手出现镜像书写比右手多;双手同时书写比单手出现的镜像书写多;有空间定向力的比仅有自身定向和无定向力的人出现的镜像书写少。本文验证了镜像书写形成的传统假说后,进一步提出了熟练理论:随着对汉字和数字的认知与视-书写运动图式的牢固掌握,镜像字体的出现就逐渐减少,并认为镜像书写存在着一个复杂的机制,是受多因素控制的。</p

峨眉山大火成岩省大理苦橄岩中矿物与熔体相关关系,以及岩浆混合和结晶在岩石中记录

详细研究岩浆喷发前岩浆过程,对获得原生岩浆组成,揭示源区性质及岩石成因有重要意义。大理市附近出露有与峨眉山玄武岩有成因关系的苦橄岩岩石。根据全岩主量及微量地球化学特征,结合岩相学观察,表明大理苦橄岩全岩成分变化受控于橄榄石及单斜辉石斑晶不同程度堆晶作用,其中橄榄石与单斜辉石斑晶质量比为1:0.35。全岩中斑晶与寄主岩浆的比例介于36:64至46:54之间

一种基于飞行时间质谱的原位程序升温脱附分析装置

一种基于飞行时间质谱的原位程序升温脱附分析装置，该装置包括进样口，电离室，离子源和原位热解装置，质量分析器，接收器，数据系统，供电系统及真空系统；进样口直接引入离子源和原位热解装置中，离子源和原位热解装置在电离室中，电离室紧靠质量分析器；接收器在质量分析器中，通过数据线与数据系统相连，在电离室和质量分析器中加入真空系统。该装置可以探测样品升温脱附过程中产生的自由基与反应中间体，质谱分辨率可达到5000，具有分辨率高、检测速度快、小型便携的优点。适用于过程气体的分析检测

一种无线传输方法及网络

本发明属于无线通信技术领域，具体涉及一种无线传输方法及网络。本发明的无线传输方法是对无线传输网络进行分区，并将不同分区分别设置为传输分区和备用分区，采用睡眠调度机制为每个分区划分不同的睡眠调度策略；在数据传输阶段，同一分区中的节点采用概率转发机制在分区中选择合适的节点并发传输；数据从初始节点所在分区开始传输，直到终止节点成功接收。采用本发明的方法，能够在带状无线传感器网络实现数据传输的低能耗和低延迟，特别适用于需要低延迟和低能耗的带状无线传感器网络应用