A Contrastive Study of English and Chinese Numerical Idioms

数字用于表示数目是所有语言中共有的现象。随着社会的进步，科技的发展，特别是数字技术在生活中的广泛应用，数字受到了前所未有的关注与青睐。但一直以来，人们对数字的研究多集中在数学领域，忽视了数字也是语言的一个有机组成部分。不同民族由于不同的自然环境、社会历史、文化心理、风俗习惯、宗教信仰等因素，赋予了它们截然不同的文化内涵。数字习语，作为语言的精华，人类智慧的结晶，更具备浓厚的民族、历史和地方色彩，从而更能反映出不同民族的文化个性。 本文以英语和汉语中的数字习语为研究对象。其中，习语是广义上的习语。英语中的习语包括固定词组、俗语、俚语、谚语、格言，而汉语的习语除了这些之外还包括歇后语，并且它的固...Numbers are used to represent quantity, which is a common phenomenon of all languages in the world. With the development of human society and technology, especially after the widespread usage of the digital technology in life, numbers have received unprecedented attention and favor. However, for a very long time, people studied numbers mainly in mathematics, neglecting that they are also part of l...学位：文学硕士院系专业：外文学院英语语言文学系_英语语言文学学号：X200711100

Study of Sound Characteristics of Rain Noise at Sea

海上降雨引起的噪声信号（简称降雨噪声）是海洋环境噪声背景场的一个重要干扰源，会极大地降低声呐的检测能力，影响水声通信的应用频段和降低水声设备的性能。考虑未来的海战极可能是在恶劣天气（往往伴随疾风暴雨）下进行，充分掌握降雨噪声的特性，不仅在军事上有利于检测海洋环境噪声背景中的干扰源，提升水声设备的作战效能，而且在民用上可拓展应用声学方法监测海上降雨的技术。近几十年来，美国等发达国家为了解释降雨噪声的产生机制，对自然界的降雨噪声开展了大量观测。前期的研究成果表明，降雨噪声的功率谱分布与空中降雨强度大小息息相关。但是，由于受限于降雨噪声的观测和数据获取的诸多困难与不确定性，现有的工作仍以揭示降雨噪声...When precipitation falls on the water surface, an acoustic signal with broadband frequency and strong intensity will be radiated in oscillogram pattern. It is now known as rain noise. As one of loudest sources, the intermittent rain noise can decrease the detection ability of sonar, affect the application frequency bands of underwater acoustic communication and reduce using performance of part of ...学位：理学博士院系专业：海洋与环境学院海洋学系_海洋物理学号：2242008015012

对公共财政逻辑起点的重新思考——市场失效的理论纷争与现实启示

市场失效概念及相关理论早已成为公共财政学的重要理论基石，并构成政府干预市场合理性及我国公共财政的实践基础。但是，这一理论性概念是否合适，这一逻辑起点是否正确，从其产生起就伴随着各种质疑、纷争与进一步的修正。本文在对市场失效理论由来与论争进行概述的基础上，结合我国公共财政理论与实践予以评价。本文认为，对市场失效概念及其理论应树立由理论概念向理念概念的转变、由非制度分析向制度分析的转变，即使从资源配置角度看，市场失效也不足以构成政府干预与公共财政理论的逻辑起点，应从制度建设而非资源配置角度定位我国公共财政的实践基础

进口促进战略有助于中国产业技术进步吗?

中国出口导向型的经济发展模式使进口贸易长期处于“为出口而进口“的从属地位,积极的进口促进战略是否可以有效促进产业技术进步？本文区分资本品、中间品和消费品的实证分析表明,出口导向背景下的进口,尤其是资本品和中间品进口对中国产业技术进步的影响效应比出口更积极,但对技术进步的影响效应不显著。因此,进口促进战略与基于出口导向型战略的进口相比,在基本的战略内容上需要有根本性的改变。为此,本文超越国际r&d溢出分析框架,从理论上分析了进口促进战略促进资源重新配置,推动发展模式转变进而促进技术进步的机理。国家自然科学基金项目“并购与创新:基于中国装备制造业理论与实证研究”(71573219);“二元分工网络约束下中国装备制造业自主创新的机制研究”(71103152); 广东省自然科学基金项目“广东省装备制造业并购模式选择及其创新绩效”(2014A030313007)的前期研究成

Study on moire concealed codes

提出根据莫尔理论制作隐型全息密码的方法，对此方法作了理论分析并给出实验结果。此方法有制作过程简单，所制作的密码隐蔽性高，检验密码方便的特点。有效地提高全息标识的防伪能力，因而具有很高的经济价值。A study on concealed codes using moire method is presented.The theoretical analysis and experimental results are given.It is shown that the process is simple, code examination is convenient, and the code is of high cincealment.This technique can dramatically enhance the anticounterfeit capacity of holograms, so it is of very high economic value

企业技术创新模式选择:自主学习还是合作

国外技术的引进模仿为中国产业快速发展打下了坚实的基础,但也使中国企业与产业的技术发展失去了自主性,造成产业低端化。而且随着中国企业与世界先进国家的技术差距缩小,引进技术的难度与成本增大,因此,中国产业发展需要从引进模仿型向创新自主开发型的技术发展战略转变。本文在构建数理模型分析本土企业是选择自主学习还是与外资企业合作的机理基础上,进一步以中国汽车与高铁行业为例,分析了本土企业从引进模仿到自主研发的战略转变,进而提出相应对策。国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国产业创新发展战略研究”(项目编号:15ZDC013);;国家自然科学基金项目“并购与创新:基于中国装备制造业理论与实证研究”(项目编号:71573219);;广东省自然科学基金项目“广东省装备制造业并购模式选择及其创新绩效”(项目编号:2014A030313007

Distribution of Mercury in Surficial Sediments from Main Mangrove Wetlans of China

作者简介: 丁振华(1966~ ) , 男, 博士, 教授, 主要研究方向为污染生 态学, E-mail : dzh@ xmu. edu. cn[中文文摘]通过对我国主要红树林区表层沉积物中总汞含量和环境因素的测定,研究了红树林湿地沉积物中汞的分布规律和影响因子之间的关系.结果表明,我国红树林湿地沉积物中总汞的含量范围是2.3~903.6 ng.g-1,平均值为(197±137.6)ng.g-1,福建洛阳桥[(467.5±68.8)ng.g-1]、浮宫[(438.2±147.0)ng.g-1]、鹅湾[(264.3±89.2)ng.g-1]、姚家屿[(125.4±27.1)ng.g-1],海南三亚[(164.8±143.9)ng.g-1]、东寨港[(314.1±335.7)ng.g-1],广东深圳[(179.9±7.7)ng.g-1]等7个红树林区的汞含量均显著高于当地土壤背景值,汞污染严重;而福建云霄[(63.3±43.9)ng.g-1]、广东高桥[(178.6±127.0)ng.g-1]、广西大冠沙[(26.1±18.8)ng.g-1]、山口[(73.8±21.1)ng.g-1]、北仑河口[(117.8±51.4)ng.g-1]、钦州湾[(147.5±107.6)ng.g-1]等红树林区汞含量接近于背景值,基本无污染.红树林湿地中汞含量的差异是众多环境因素和人类活动相互交叉影响的结果.红树林湿地中,pH值、粒度、有机质、Fe/Hg、Mn/Hg与总汞含量显著相关.其中,黏粒和Fe/Hg是影响沉积物中汞含量最显著的因素.环境因素对总汞含量的综合影响作用,可以用线性回归方程表示.[英文文摘]Surficial sediment samples were collected from main mangrove wetlands of China, mercury, pH, salinity, organic matters, grain size, Fe/Hg , Mn/Hg were analyzed. Mercury content ranges from 2.3 to 903.6 ng.g- 1, with a average of ( 197±137.6) ng.g- 1. Compared with local background level, serious Hg pollution with high Hg content was found in 7 areas, including Luoyangqiao [ ( 467.5 ±68.8)ng.g- 1] , Fugong [ ( 438.2 ± 147. 0) ng.g- 1 ] , Ewan [ ( 264.3 ± 89.2) ng.g- 1 ] , Yaojiayu [ ( 125.4 ± 27.1) ng.g- 1 ] , Fujian Province;Sanya [ ( 164. 8 ±143.9) ng.g- 1 ] , Dongzhaigang [ ( 314.1 ±335. 7) ng.g- 1 ] , Hainan Province, Shenzhen [ ( 179.9 ±7. 7) ng.g- 1 ] ,Guangdong Province. Hg content was similar with background value in the other 6 areas, including Yunxiao [ ( 63.3 ±43.9) ng.g- 1 ] , Fujian Province; Gaoqiao [ ( 178. 6 ± 127.0) ng.g- 1 ] , Guangdong Province; Daguansha [ ( 26.1 ±18.8) ng.g- 1 ] , Shankou [ ( 73.8±21.1)ng.g- 1 ] , Beilun estuary [ ( 117.8 ±51. 4) ng.g- 1 ] , Qinzhou Bay [ ( 147.5 ±107. 6) ng.g- 1] , Guangxi Autonomous Region. Discrepancy of total Hg concentrations in mangrove wetlands is due to many environmental factors and human activities. Parameters such as grain size, pH,organic matter, Fe/Hg, Mn/Hg are significantly correlated with total Hg respectively. Clay and Fe/Hg are obvious factors influencing total Hg concentration. Impact of environmental factors on mercury can be showed by regression equation.国家自然科学基金项目(40676064,30530150);厦门大学创新团队项

Distribution of Hg in Mangrove Plants and Correlation with Hg Speciation in Sediments

为了解红树植物对汞的富集能力和影响因素,对我国几种主要的红树植物的汞含量、沉积物总汞含量和形态进行了研究.结果表明,几种主要红树植物的总汞含量范围为817.5~3 197.6 ng/g,具有明显的种间差异和器官差异.秋茄汞含量为(1 579.4±1 326.8)ng/g,桐花树为(2 115.1±1 892.3)ng/g,白骨壤为(2 159.3±1 678.7)ng/g,木榄为(2 566.5±821.6)ng/g,海漆为(2 104.3±1 661.8)ng/g,无瓣海桑为(3 197.6±2 782.8)ng/g,老鼠簕为817.5±632.3 ng/g,红海榄为(1 801.8±1 255.4)ng/g.各种红树植物对汞的吸收能力的顺序为:无瓣海桑>木榄>白骨壤>桐花树>海漆>红海榄>秋茄>老鼠簕.我国主要红树林地区表层沉积物的汞形态主要为易挥发态,其次为硫化物及有机结合态或可交换离子态,少量为碳酸盐结合态和铁锰氧化物结合态,残渣态少量甚至没有.只有深圳红树林沉积物中的汞以残渣态为主,其次为硫化物及有机物结合态.无瓣海桑的茎和叶,海漆叶的汞含量与易挥发态汞、可交换态汞具有显著正相关关系,而大多数红树植物的茎汞和叶汞含量与沉积物的总汞含量、不同形态汞之间并没有明显的相关性.红树植物富集的汞来源多样,且这些不同来源的汞在植物体内可能是能够迁移的.Plant is an important role in biogeochemical cycle of Hg.The aim of this study is to ascertain Hg accumulation in several kinds of mangrove plants,and to discuss relationship among Hg concentrations in mangrove plants and different Hg speciation in sediments.Contents of total mercury(THg) in mangrove plants and sediments were determined.Hg speciation was determined with a modified Tessier's method.Contents of THg of the mangrove plants were in the range of 817.5-3 197.6 ng /g.In detail,Hg concentration was(1 579.4 ± 1 326.8) ng /g in Kandelia candel,(2 115.1 ± 1 892.3) ng /g in Aegiceras corniculatum,(2 159.3 ± 1 678.7) ng /g in Avicennia marina,(2 566.5 ± 821.6) ng /g in Bruguiera gymnorrhiza,(2 104.3 ± 1 661.8) ng /g in Excoecaria agallocha,(3 197.6 ± 2 782.8) ng /g in Sonneratia apetala,(817.5 ± 632.3) ng /g in Acanthus ilicifolius,(1 801.8 ± 1 255.4) ng /g in Rhizophora.stylosa,respectively.There are obvious interspecific variation,and organic variation in THg contents of mangrove plants,which is closely related to environment and physiological characteristics of mangrove plants.Enrichment of THg in mangrove plants was inhomogeneous,following the order of Sonneratia apetala > Bruguiera gymnorrhiza > Avicennia marina > Aegiceras corniculatum > Excoecaria agallocha > Rhizophora stylosa > Kandelia candel > Acanthus ilicifolius.Mercury exists mainly in volatile form in most mangrove wetlands,but mainly in the form of residue in sediments from Shenzhen mangrove wetlands.Significantly positive correlations were found among Hg concentrations in leaves and stems of Sonneratia apetala and volatile Hg,exchangeable Hg of sediments.Significantly positive correlations were also found among Hg concentrations in leaves of Excoecaria agallocha and volatile Hg,exchangeable Hg of sediments.But,there is no significant correlation between Hg concentrations of most mangrove plants and different Hg speciation in sediments.It showed that plants assimilate Hg from different sources,such as water,sediment and air,and that Hg assimilated by plants could transfer among different plant organics.国家自然科学基金项目(40676064;30530150

Speciation,bioaccumulation and transportation of mercury in sediments of mangrove wetlands of China

为了认识红树林表层沉积物中Hg的生物地球化学行为,采用改进的TESSIEr连续浸取法,对我国主要红树林沉积物中Hg的形态特征进行了研究,并讨论了Hg的生物可利用性和迁移性。结果表明:(1)我国红树林沉积物中的Hg绝大部分以易挥发态为主,具有较高的生物可利用性,易挥发态Hg向大气Hg的转化是红树林湿地中汞迁移的主要方式。只有深圳红树林沉积物中的Hg以残渣态为主,次为可交换离子态和碳酸盐结合态,沉积物中Hg主要通过不可溶的固体颗粒物形式迁移,其生物可利用性较低。(2)总Hg与易挥发态Hg呈极显著正相关(r=0.967,P<0.01),碳酸盐结合态Hg与铁锰氧化物结合态Hg之间存在极显著正相关(r=0.871,P<0.01),有机结合态Hg分别与碳酸盐结合态Hg、铁锰氧化物结合态Hg存在极显著相关(r1=0.618,P1<0.01;r2=0.686,P2<0.01);有机质与总Hg存在显著正相关(r=0.526,P<0.05)。In order to understanding biogeochemical behavior,speciation of mercury in the mangrove sediments from 9 main mangrove wetlands of China were determined with modified Tiesser's method.It shown:(1) Two situations were found.One is that mercury exists mainly in volatile form in most mangrove wetlands.That volatile mercury turns into atmospheric mercury is the main transport form for most mangrove wetlands.The mangrove wetlands are the source of global mercury pollution.The mercury in sediments of mangrove wetlands can be bio-accumulated easily.Another situation is that mercury exists mainly in the form of residue which is hard to bio-accumulate,typically in Shenzhen mangrove wetlands.The mercury transports in the form of insoluble particle.(2) Significant positive correlation was found between volatile Hg and total Hg(r=0.967,p<0.01).Carbonate-bound Hg is strongly correlated with Fe-Mn oxide-bound Hg(r=0.871,p<0.01),and organic matter is significantly correlated with total Hg(r=0.526,p<0.05).Organic-bound Hg is significant correlated with carbonates-bound Hg and Fe-Mn oxide bound mercury(r1=0.618,p1<0.01;r2=0.686,p2<0.01).国家自然科学基金项目(40676064;30530150);东华理工大学核资源与环境教育部重点实验室开放基金(070717

颅痛煎对偏头痛患者超敏C反应蛋白影响及疗效观察

目的探讨超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)的变化与偏头痛发病机制的关系,观察颅痛煎治疗偏头痛疗效及对hs-CRP的影响。方法选取65例偏头痛患者和30例健康人进行检测hs-CRP,再将65例病人随机分为颅痛煎汤治疗组(简称颅头煎组)32例,给予颅痛煎,一日一剂,水煎分2次服;西比灵对照组(简称西比灵组)33例,给于西比灵5mg,一天1次,谷维素20mg,一天3次。共治疗28天后。观察两组患者的治疗前后疼痛程度、持续时间、发作频度及检测hs-CRP,计算其头痛指数和头痛疗效。结果偏头痛组hs-CRP含量明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01),治疗后颅痛煎组的hs-CRP水平明显低于西比林组(P<0.05),颅痛煎组的临床基本恢复、总有效率、头痛指数明显好于西比灵组(P<0.01、<0.05)。结论 hs-CRP的增高与偏头痛的发生有关,颅痛煎治疗偏头痛疗效明显优于西比灵,可能与颅痛煎降低偏头痛患者的hs-CRP有关