少穗竹和四季竹竹笋的营养成分分析

对福建省华安竹种园2种少穗竹属笋用竹少穗竹和四季竹竹笋的基本营养成分进行测定分析。结果表明:四季竹竹笋的含水量、灰分、脂肪含量高于少穗竹,但蛋白质含量低于少穗竹;而少穗竹竹笋氨基酸、必需及半必需氨基酸、呈味氨基酸总含量高于四季竹。厦门市科学技术局科研项目(编号:3502Z20102003和3502Z20144072

Direct Reductive Cyanation of A 2-Pyrrolidinone Chiral Building Block Bearing An Unprotected Hydroxyl Group: A Stereoselective Synthesis of N-Methyl-2-epi-bulgecinine

报道手性合成砌块(4S,5R)-N-芐氧基-5-羟甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(3a)的直接还原氰基化及产物的立体化学与转化研究.含未保护羟基的内酰胺用L; iAlH_4/KCN体系直接还原氰基化,生成比例为69:; 31的2,5-反式/顺式非对映立体异构体.与文献类似结果对比显示,氰基负离子对5-羟甲基-△-1-吡咯啉鎗中间体的加成主要受立体电子效应和C(5; )位取代基(羟甲基)与进攻试剂间烯丙型1,3-位阻控制.该混合物在碱性条件下水解,生成比例为10:; 90的2,5-反式/2,5-顺式-bulgecinine衍生物.这一结果表明氰基水解反应伴随着在C(2)位发生了有合成价值的串联差向异构化.由此; 建立了立体选择性地合成2,5-顺式(-)-N-甲基-2-别-bulgecinine的简便方法.The direct reductive cyanation of N-benzyl-4-benzyloxy-5-hydroxymethyl-2-pyrrolidinone (3a), a lactam bearing a free hydroxyl group, has been achieved with the LiAlH4/KCN combination. The reaction afforded 2,5-trans-2-cyano-5hydroxylmethyl-4-benzyloxy-pyrrolidine (5a) and its cis-diastereomer 5b in a ratio of 69: 31 with a combined yield of 63%. The observed 2,5-trans-stereoselectivity is suggested to be resulted from both stereoelectronic effect and allylic 1,3-strain between the hydroxymethyl group at C(5) and the incoming cyanide anion on the presumed Delta-1 pyrrolinium ion intermediate. The subsequent hydrolysis of the cyano group of the diastereomeric mixture 5a/5b (trans: cis=69: 31) under basic conditions afforded the corresponding 5-hydroxymethyl-4-benzyloxyproline with 2,5-cis-diastereomer as the major diastereomer (trans: cis= 10: 90). This result implies that a synthetically useful epimerization at C(2) has occurred concomitantly. This unexpected result afforded a concise and highly stereoselective synthesis of 2,5-cis-(-)-N-methyl-2-epi-bulgecinine.National Natural Science Foundation of China [21332007]; Program for; Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University of; Ministry of Educatio

陈征经济学思想述评

本文评述了陈征在几十年的学术生涯中,始终如一地坚持运用《资本论》的立场、观点和方法,研究中国社会主义经济所取得的主要学术成果和严谨的治学精神。文章特别着重从以下几个方面分析评价了陈征的经济思想:1.紧密结合新的历史条件,坚持与发展马克思的劳动价值学说;2.对社会主义地租理论的探索与创新;3.关于《资本论》与社会主义市场经济的理论探索

5种牡竹属笋用竹竹笋营养成分之比较

对福建省华安县竹种园5种牡竹属笋用竹云南甜龙竹、版纳甜龙竹、勃氏甜龙竹、马来甜龙竹和梁山慈竹竹笋营养进行成分比较。结果表明:5种笋用竹鲜竹笋含水量均接近或超过90%,口感较好;灰分含量勃氏甜龙竹竹笋的最高,达0.893%,版纳甜龙竹最低（0.340%）;蛋白质含量最高的是马来甜龙竹（1.717%）,最低的是版纳甜龙竹（1.260%）;勃氏甜龙竹（0.281%）和云南甜龙竹（0.292%）脂肪含量较低,马来甜龙竹（1.134%）和梁山慈竹（1.083%）脂肪含量较高;勃氏甜龙竹（0.655%）和云南甜龙竹（0.666%）粗纤维含量较低,而梁山慈竹、版纳甜龙竹和马来甜龙竹含量相近,达较高水平,分别达0.953%、0.894%和0.879%。5种竹笋均含有17种氨基酸,氨基酸总含量最高的是勃氏甜龙竹(227.64 mg·g-1),最低的是马来甜龙竹(120.43 mg·g-1);必需半必需氨基酸总含量最高的是勃氏甜龙竹（84.26%）,最低的是马来甜龙竹（50.67%）;呈味氨基酸总量最高的是勃氏甜龙竹,达212.79 mg·g-1,其次依次为梁山慈竹(164.71 mg·g-1)、版纳甜龙竹(156.35 mg·g-1)、云南甜龙竹(141.44 mg·g-1)和马来甜龙竹(115.83 mg·g-1)。厦门市科学技术局科研项目资助(3502Z20102003;3502Z20144072

Distribution and Species of Mercury in Water and Sediments from Huangpu River

黄浦江江水的总汞、溶解态汞和颗粒汞含量变化较大,其平均值分别为(0.4±0.44)ng/mL、(0.27±0.42)ng/mL和(0.13±0.10)ng/mL,江水中汞以溶解态汞为主.黄浦江沉积物的总汞含量为70.52ng/g~387.30ng/g,平均汞含量为(204.03±97.41)ng/g.江水和沉积物中汞的沿江分布具有中游高,上游和下游低的特征,西渡—南浦大桥江段汞含量为整个黄浦江最高的江段,汞的分布特征与两岸工农业布局相一致.沉积物总汞与有机质显著相关,沉积物中高汞含量的地点都在高水汞点的下游,与河流的动力沉积特点一致.沉积物中汞以可交换态、腐殖酸结合态、残渣态为主,少量为碳酸盐结合态.从上游到下游,沉积物中可交换态汞具有两端高中间低的特点,而残渣态汞与此相反.在剖面方向上,沉积物中的汞主要集中在残渣态,少量为腐殖酸结合态,可交换态及碳酸盐结合态,随着深度增加残渣态所占比例不规则增加.愈接近长江口,沉积物中的重金属愈容易被重新激活.Levels of total mercury, soluble mercury and particle mercury in water of Huangpu River change greatly, their average values are (0.40.44)ng/mL, (0.270.42)ng/mL, (0.130.10)ng/mL respectively. Mercury in water is mainly in the form of soluble mercury. Average mercury content in sediment of Huangpu River is relative high and up to (204.0397.41)ng/g, with a range of 70.52ng/g387.30ng/g. Mercury content is high in the middle reach of Huangpu River, especially in section of Xidu-Nanpu Bridge, and low in upstream and downstream. Distribution of mercury is hightly related with distribution of industry plants and farming. Locations with high mercury content in sediment are in the downstream of locations with high mercury content in water. Mercury (in sediments) is mainly in the form of residue, exchangeable ions, and humics-bound, seldom is in the form of carbonate-bound. Contrary to residue-bound mercury, exchangeable mercury is low in the middle reach, and high in upstream and downstream. There mainly are residue-bound mercury and little humics-bound mercury, exchangeable mercury, and carbonate-bound mercury in sediment in profile, and the residue-bound mercury increases irregularly with depth. Nearing the Mouth of Yangtze River, mercury in sediment becomes more active.国家自然科学基金资助项目(20077016);; 中国博士后基金项目(2002032148);; 厦门大学行动计划联合资助项目(0660-X01114

Grazing pressure of microzooplankton on phytoplankton in Xiamen Waters

应用稀释法对厦门海域浮游植物生长率(k)和微型浮游动物的摄食率(g)进行了估算。结果显示:5月,西海域18测站k、g分别为2.41、0.78d 1;南部海域27测站分别为2.43、1.32d 1。8月18测站k、g分别为3.00、2.90d 1;27测站分别为1.94、0.91d 1。说明厦门海域作为典型的亚热带港湾,具有高的k、g值。分粒级研究结果显示:8月,18测站微型浮游动物对微型浮游植物(Micro)具摄食偏好;而27测站微型浮游动物对Micro和Nano级的摄食率相近。应用流式细胞技术研究18测站微微型真核浮游植物的k、g,结果表明:春季,生长率和摄食率分别为2.00、1.02d 1;夏季分别为1.52、0.96d 1。Phytoplankton growth rate and microzooplankton grazing rate were estimated in Xiamen Waters using dilution method. In spring, phytoplankton growth rate (k) and microzooplankton grazing rate (g) were 2.41d~(-1)0.78 d~(-1), respectively, at station 18, Western Xiamen Waters, and kg were 2.43 d~(-1)1.32 d~(-1), respectively, at station 27 which represents Southern Xiamen Waters. In spring, kg were 3.00 d~(-1)2.90 d~(-1), respectively, at station 18, kg were 1.94 d~(-1)0.91d~(-1), respectively, at station 27.It shown that Xiamen Waters is the typical subtrophical water with high kg values. Size-fractionated results show that in summer microzooplankton have a preferential grazing on microphytoplankton at station 18, but was not at station 27. Picoeukaryotes were counted by a flow cytometry before and after dilution incubation and kg values at station 18 were estimated (2.00) d~(-1)1.02 d~(-1) for spring and 1.52 d~(-1)0.96 d~(-1) for summer.国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)资助项目(G1999043706

Synthesis, Characterization and Photovoltaic Effect of Porphyrin-fullerene Compounds MP-C_(60)(M=Zn,Cu,Co)

采用1,3-偶极环加成反应,合成了共价键连卟啉-富勒烯配体(H2P-C60)及配合物MP-C60(M=Zn,Cu,Co)。利用红外光谱、元素分析、紫外-可见光谱、核磁共振氢谱及质谱等手段对产物进行表征。同时对产物的光电转换性能进行了研究。光伏效应结果表明,产物具有优良的光电转换性能。尤其在O2/H2O介质电对中,光生电压值最大可达到195mV,镀层厚度在1μm时,光伏效应值最大。The covalently linked porphyrin-fullerene ligand was synthesized through 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction. The metalloporphyrin-fullerene was prepared by metalation of H_2P-C_ 60 and M(Ac)_2·nH_2O (M=Zn,Cu,Co). They were characterized by methods of FT-IR, Uv-Vis, ~1H NMR, ESI-MS and elemental analysis. The photovoltaic of the compounds was studied. The result showed that heterojunction electrode formed by MP-C_ 60 /GaAs was good, especially in the O_2/H_2O redox couple, and the greatest value of photovoltaic potential was 195mV. MP-C_ 60 /GaAs electrode at 1μm for thinckness of MP-C_ 60 film was the best one.福建省自然科学基金(E0410001);; 厦门大学自选课题基金(0040-Y07008)资助项

The Study on Decoction of Kangxin Capsule and Its Minor Components are Influenced on Peripheral Blood CD_3、CD_4、CD_8 and CD_4/CD_8 of the Kidney Weakness with Blood Obstruction Style Vascular Dementia Rat Model

目的 　观察康欣胶囊及其拆方对 ( VD)模型 (肾虚血瘀型 )大鼠外周血 CD3、CD4、CD8的影响。 方法 　采用电灼烧封闭双侧椎动脉和摘除单侧性器官法制作 ( VD)模型 (肾虚血瘀型 )大鼠 ,用康欣胶囊全方及其拆方和西药喜得镇给药 1个月 ,电镜、光镜观察各组大鼠海马、下丘脑、枕部皮质神经细胞情况 ,流式细胞仪检测大鼠外周血 CD3、CD4、CD8。 结果 　康欣胶囊全方组海马、下丘脑、枕部皮质神经细胞的内织网、线粒体水肿固缩及细胞核固缩情况明显轻于模型空白对照组 ;外周血 CD4/ CD8比例指标明显高子空白模型组、健脾组、西药组 ( P<0 .0 1) ,养血活血组 CD4/ CD8比例指标高于空白模型组、健脾组 ( P<0 .0 5 )。结论 　康欣胶囊全方及其拆方养血活血方可提高 ( VD)模型 (肾虚血瘀型 )大鼠外周血 CD4/ CD8比例水平即提高免疫力 ,并延缓减轻缺血性神经细胞凋亡。OBJECTIVE To observe decoction of KANGXIN capsule and its minor components are influenced peripheral blood CD3、CD4、CD8 of the kidney weakness with blood obstruction style vascular dementia rat model.METHOD Use electric iron to burn and block the both side vertebral arteries and amputate one side genital organ(testis or ovary) of rat, made the kidney weakness with blood obstruction style of VD rat model.KANGXIN capsule complete components and its minor components: and Dinydroergotaxine had been given for l month,at the same time to establish the control model group (hadn't given any medication),complete components, kidney tonic, pancreas tonic, blood tonic with promoting blood circulation, and western medicine Dihydroergotaxine group. Use electronic microscopy and light microscopy to observe nerve cells in hippocampus, hypothalamus, occipital lobe cortex of each group, and use cell cytometry to analysis the peripheral blood CD3,CD4,CD8 of model rat.RESULTS Under electronic microscopy;the mitochondrion, rough endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear of nerve cells of hippocampus,hypothalamus,occipital lobe cortex of complete components group of KANGXIN capsule are slighter swelling and reduce (other groups had improved with difference scale), those are compared with control model group. Peripheral blood CD4/CD8 rate of Complete component group are higher than control model, pancreas tonic, and Dihydroergotaxine group,(P<0.01),CD4/CD8 rate of blood tonic with promoting blood circulation group are higher than control moodel and pancreas tonic group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION KANGXIN capsule and blood tonic with promoting blood circulation group are able to enhance immunity(lift up the CD4/CD8 rate) of the kidney weakness with blood obstruction style VD rat, and to slow down apoptosis of nerve cells which is caused by vertebrobasilar insufficiency.福建省卫生厅重大中医药项目 ( 2 0 0 2 -10 3